NASA NACA-TN-4040-1957 Estimation of incremental pitching moments due to trailing-edge flaps on swept and triangular wings《对掠翼和三角机翼上尾翼边缘襟翼引起的增加俯仰力矩的估计》.pdf

1、Aoc4NATIONALADVISORYCOMMITIEEFORAERONAUTICSTECHNICAL NOTE 4040ESTIMATION OF INCREMENTAL PITCHING MOMENTS DUE TOTRAILING-EDGE FLAPS ON SWEPT AND TRIANGULAR VKINGSBy HarryA. JamesandLynnW. HuntonAmes AeronauticalLaboratoryMoffettField,Calif.WashingtonJuly1957Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproductio

2、n or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TRAIIXNG-EDGE-TEC!HNICXLNOTEkOZNCREMENT!PITCEINGMCMENTSDUETOFLAPSONSWTECANDTRIANGULARWINGS1ByHarryA.JamesandLynnW.HunconSUMMARYAmethodispresentedwherebyincrementalpitchingmomentscanbeestimatedforsweptandtriangularwingshavingarbitrarytypesoftrail

3、ing-edgehigh-liftflaps.Inthemethoduseismadeofspan-loadinga71 theorytogetherwithtwo-dimensionalairfoildataadjustedfortheeffectsofsweep.Themethodaspresentedwaslimitedtolowspeedsandsmalla71 anglesofattack.Applicationofthemethcxlisdemonstratedforsane58casescoveringvarioustes offlapsonwingshatingatideran

4、geofsweep,aspectratio,andtaperratio.Forallwings,sweptaswellastriangular,ameandeviationfrcmexperimentofabout0.02inincrementalpitching-momentcoefficientwasfound.Two-dimensional-flapdatapertinenttothegeneralapplicationofthemethodaresummarizedingraphicalform.INTRODUCTIONThetheoryofreferences1 and2pemits

5、therapiddeterminationofthespanwisedistributionoflift,lift-curveslope,aerodynamiccenter,andinduceddragforwingshavingarbitraryplanformsandtrailing-edgeflapconfigurations.Calculationsofthepitchingmcmentwithtrailing-edgeflapsdeflected,however,areoutsidethescopeofthistheorysincenomethodofestimatingthecho

6、rdwisedistributionoftheloadingduetoflapdeflectionwasincluded.Theworkofreference3hasdemonstrated,onaparticular45swept-backwingwithflaps,howtwo-dimensionalairfoildataandsweeptheorycanbeusedtoestimatethechordwiseloaddistributionona sweptwingvwhenthespanwiseloaddistributionisknown.Oncethechordwiseandspa

7、nwiseloaddistributionsarelamwn,ofcourse,thepitchingmcxnentcan. %hZperSedeSrecentlydeclassifiedNACARMA507by HarryA.J-SsmdQnn W.Hunton.Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-2 NACATN4040readilybedetermined.Thepurposeofthisreportistopresentamet

8、hodforestimatingtheincrementalpitchingmomentduetotrailing-edgeflaps “ *onsweptandtriangularwingsbyusingtwo-densionalairfoildataandtheoryinconjunctionwithsweeptheory.TOdemonstratetherangeof -.bapplicabilityoftheprocedure,a studyhasbeenmadewhereinmeasuredandestimatedpitchingmomentsarecomparedforawide.

9、varietyofflapconfigurationsonswept-andtriangular-wingplan-fos. - -.Tofacilitatethegeneralapplicationofthemethod,someattentionhasbeengiventocollectingfromnumeroussourcesrelevanttwo-dimensionaldataforthecommonlyusedtypesofhigh-lifi,.flaps,includingsomedata “ -:forflapswithareasuctionorblowing.Theseres

10、ultshayebeensummarizedhereiningraphicalform.NOTATION ,aspectratiowingspanlocalchordJ:/,2Qmeanaerodynamicchord,dinfigure1. Fortheyawedinfinitewingthechordwiseloaddistributionsandcentersofpres-sureofstreamwisesectionsareidenticaltothoseofsectionsnormalto*heleadingedge.Thesenomnalsectionsdesignatedasef

11、fectivesectionscanberelateddirectlytotwo-dimensionalairfoildatathroughsimple-sweep-theoryrelations.a71 -4. zToattempttoapplysweeptheorytodetermineaneffectivesectiononwingswithlargeamountsoftaperleadsto-arather-complicatedsectionowingtothevariationinsweepangleoftheconstant-percent-chord“fine.Obviousl

12、y,intheinterestofsimplicityofaplication,someapproximationisrequiredforthiscase.Suchanina subsequentsection.UntaperedapproximateonSweptWingsisdiscussedindetailAmethodisdevelopedfirstforthesimplercaseinvolvingnotaper.Oneeffectivesectionisusedforboththeadditionalandbasictypesofchordwiseloading.Thefollo

13、wingstepsarethentakenforthepurposeofobtainingestimatedlocalcentersofpressure; e-AnotherapproachtothisproblemmorelimitedinitsapplicabilityispresentedinNACATN1674entitled“Estin?l?16171819202122232425262-728m30313233343536373839404142434445464748!9xjlj253j43j6j7j8TJY8LEI.-SUMMARYOFRESULTSOFMEASUREDANDA

14、x:;4.8;:;5.1;:.;.N8.03.8;:3.53.53.5;:2;:;:9.0.0.0.0.02.6:3.43.42.0$:2:02.04.02.32.32.32.02.02.32.32.32.32.32.02.03.03.04.8 I4.8,MJA%.4:.3(.5:.3.3.3:3.3.5(.5(.%.$.55.5:.55.5(.5(.5(.h.4(.4(.4(.4(:2.4(.4(.41.l,41.41.41).4(.44)I)1:.4C.51.511k/dF60453545:;g45353545:;47:;45454000000040248484848:;44445656;

15、:52525653;%324537451635gFLAPPITCHING-MOMENTINCREMENTSTypeflapdouble-slotteidouble-silottedouble-slottefarea-auctionsingle-alotte?single-dottefsingle-slottefdouble-slotteidouble-slotteddouble-elotteBplltdouble-slotteBplltsplitplainplainplainplainplainplainplainsplitsplitsingle-slottedsingle-slotteddo

16、uble-slotteddouble-slottetsplitSpiltsplitplainplainplainplainsingle-slottedplainarea-auctionarea-suctionarea-auctionsingle-slottedsingle-slottedsplitplaindouble-slottedplainplainplainplainplainplainplainsingle-slottedBk-BIOttSdsingle-dottedmea-suctionblow-blowplainFlapextent,230).18ta0.%.a to.57.16

17、to .7c.15 to .5C.14ta .45.14 to .45.14to .45.14t0 .45.14 to .45.14 to .45.02 to .50.02 to .50)to .5C)to.6C.10 to .58.10 to .58.10 to .58) to .50Ito .50).20: :$)to .6C)t.a .981 to .601 to .981 to) to :%.07to .46.07to .46.07to .50.Wh .59.07to .59.0-/ to .99.07 to .!39I.ls E l:E.16 b .5o.16 to .75.17 t

18、O .72.lB to .70.13 ta .67.08t.a .67.08ta .67.cM.to .67I h 1.00.12to1.00I .to.50I to .50Ito 1.00Ito 1.00Ito 1.00.IBto .96.19 to 1.00.15 to .77.15 ta .14 to .50.14t0 .50to.70cf/cO.*:Z).22tCl .26:.B:.25.20.25.20.20:Z.25.20.20.2Q.20.20.20.=5.25.-.25.20.20.a.20.20.20.X1.21.25.22.22.llto 33.2113to .33.11

19、k .32.11 to .32.I.lto .32.11 to 1.00.13 to 1.00.13to .; -.3055 ,-.1120 -.0430 -.0640 -.0730-.0740 -.0955 -.11Ed -.0349 -.13.072 .02-.04g -.0560 -.05-.04f%-.06-.072 -.05a -.ti60 -.1945 -.34-.41: -.5050 -.6030 .01.042 -.03-.04E -.0620-.0760 -.1340 -.28m -.1461 -.1661 -.2$: -.e-.2340 -.2549 -.1553 -.16

20、50-.3210 -.1010 .10-.08E -.1310 -Oc$-.15g -.22-.262 -.2640 -.lfj-.29g -.1260 -.I.622 -.14,-Stlmate-0.13-.W-.30-.12-.04-.06-.07-.06-.09-.12-.03-.1407.03-.03-.03-.07-.04-.04-.m-.04-.17-.20-.35-.42-.50-.61-.020-.03-.02-.03-.06-.12-.27-.15-.14-.27-.34-.zl-.23-.13-.13-.29-.10.09-.09-.13-.09-.15-.18-.24-.

21、26-.18-.27-.13-.17-.12.Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NACATN4F0*.,.%Figurel.-= Effective sectionsFlap%II enL -“J k Finite winaInLoadingsassumed onyawedinfinite wingITheoretical loadingon finite wing dueI flap deflectiono LoTTheoretic

22、alloadingforuntaperedwingwithtrailing-edgeflap.-Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-22 NACATN4040c.p.75.50.251fql,p=/AC,P. AC.P.-l L. ./ ,25+kAC.I l-fhpextem+-o 10.2 4 ,6 .8 1.071.0-, .8 ks 3-00(A9)2ko .04 .08 .12 .16 .20AqFigure2.-Method

23、ofestimatingcenterofpressureontheunflappedsectionsnearendsofflaps.*.Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-23.80.60C.p40.20A=6.O )i=O.5A%=451d 3ouble slotted flap y ,55”Q o 0Flap extent+n I I-o.80.60C.p4(3.20n.2 .6T Measured AssumedC.FLvaria

24、tLoonA=2.0A=OPlain flap, Y =22 !“0“tent+ I I“o .2 4 .6 .8 LoTFigurej.-Measured centers or pressure ontwowings withpartial-spanflapsshowingtheassumedvariationusedinthetransitionregionnearendsofflaps.Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-24 N

25、ACATN40II AaF I 7/I /.8Assumed yawed infinite wingsfor basic loadingandmGPb.40 *?+-.08 -J6cmHflmextmt A.ao b.4s.5 W2 A-43”.6Wz -put/ $.60”I hd. .$ ,11I I.06 0 - cm%Bsvalues of lift and.itchlngsf, . ,1,. i1 ,a71 a15Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license f

26、rom IHS-,-,-1.0IkA.5.O A.oA.4!Y , am-slotted(Q.s ! “40” +o0 -,00 -,161.0 ,60A-2.O A-OiA945”plaln$.2(T /-.oe -.16cm, ,A.2.O k58A.37”Ldngle-dollmdg.4.o./iP,-.08 -.16 -.24 Msawoad- EstimatadA. 2.0 L%20A.41J” /ILtingb-abttsd 1LL40./L+Iu,-.08 -J6 .24GmAU2.3 A-OA.52“/IiI?!1,.tibb-skotted*O”1,Note: Symbols 01 C,Ik,A.zo MA.5S*plainsbo/p-o -.08 -.16cmA.2.o WO/IA.66” IIl?.,JI a75I/ areo- wllonlf.69”I . r ya:o -.06 -J6 -24 -.32 -.40 0 -.06 -.16 -.24 -.32Gm %gure 6.- concluded.GProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-