[考研类试卷]2012年湖南师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

1、2012 年湖南师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 Queensland2 Quebec3 Santa Claus4 Sir Walter Scott5 Stamp Tax6 Standard & Poors7 Suez Canal8 Sydney9 Vancouver10 West Indies11 phonetics12 translation after sense13 Eurasia Land Bridge14 monetary integration15 Europes sovereign-debt crisis汉译英16 载人航天17 行政问责18 公务接待费19 法

2、人代表20 蜗居21 富二代22 工业“三废 ”23 潜规则24 发动机排量25 公民健康档案26 全球化27 增值税28 住房信贷政策29 颐和园30 法律硕士英译汉31 World food prices are pushing higherthe United Nations overall food index shows a 28. 3% annual increase, with cereals up 44. 1%sparking concerns that a new food crisis may be emerging, just three years after the

3、last one. Does this mean the world is running out of food?The quick answer is that the world does seem to be running low on cheap food. This supply shortage stems from the failure of governments and donors over nearly three decades to fund the basic agricultural research, investments in rural infras

4、tructure, and training for smallholder farmers necessary to push out the productivity frontier.Until recently, world food crises have been relatively rare eventsoccurring about three times a century. The food crisis of 2007 2008, although scary at the time, was relatively mild by comparison. Prices

5、for wheat, rice and maizethe staple foods that provide well over half the world populations energy intake directly and a good deal more indirectly via livestock productsrose 96. 7% between 2006 and 2008, not approaching the spikes in the mid-1970s when corrected for inflation. Yet here we are just a

6、 few years later, talking about food prices again.汉译英32 微笑，永远是微笑者个人的专利，它既不能租，又不能买；既不能借，又不能偷。微笑，是微笑者心境的体现。这种笑脸又能产生多种功能：它能使某些人之间的生疏变成亲密，使某些人之间的隔阂变成融洽，它能使失意成为顺意，使烦恼成为愉快；它能使人们的心灵沟通，感情交融微笑，凝聚着内心的纯洁无私，召唤着友谊与情感的到来，消化着矛盾和不快。微笑是无声的，但又胜似有声。微笑把一具心灵传递给另一具心灵。古人说：笑口常开，笑古笑今，万事一笑了之。我们可以理解为：带着微笑的赞扬，使人感到诚心，能催人奋进；带着微笑

7、的批评，使人感到善意，能促人进步；带着微笑的拒绝，使人感到理解，能帮人走出困境；带着微笑的请求，使人感到亲切，能帮人过关。微笑是光明的，微笑的世界是文明的世界。愿每一个人都多一点微笑，少一点忧愁。2012 年湖南师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 昆士兰州2 【正确答案】 魁北克3 【正确答案】 圣诞老人4 【正确答案】 沃尔特司各特爵士5 【正确答案】 印花税6 【正确答案】 标准普尔7 【正确答案】 苏伊士运河8 【正确答案】 悉尼9 【正确答案】 温哥华10 【正确答案】 西印度群岛11 【正确答案】 语音学12 【正确答案】 翻译后的意义13 【正确答案】 欧

8、亚大陆桥14 【正确答案】 货币一体化15 【正确答案】 欧洲主权债务危机汉译英16 【正确答案】 manned space flight17 【正确答案】 administrative accountability18 【正确答案】 expenditure for official acception19 【正确答案】 legal representative20 【正确答案】 Snail House21 【正确答案】 affluent second generation22 【正确答案】 three wastes in the industry23 【正确答案】 latent role24

9、 【正确答案】 engine discharge25 【正确答案】 Citizens Health Records26 【正确答案】 Globalization27 【正确答案】 valueadded tax28 【正确答案】 credibility policy of housing29 【正确答案】 the Summer Place30 【正确答案】 Master of Law英译汉31 【正确答案】 世界粮食价格正在逐步走高美国综合粮食指数年均增长283，谷物价格上涨了 441，这种情况引发了人们对新一轮粮食危机的担忧，毕竟最近一次粮食危机刚刚过去三年。这是否意味着世界上的粮食将要消耗殆

10、尽?要立即作答的话就是世界廉价的粮食正在变得越来越少。在过去三十多年中，政府部门以及捐助者为基础农业研究提供资金支持，在农村基础设施上进行投资，对小农户的农民开展培训以提高劳动生产率，但都一事无成，从而导致了廉价粮食的供应短缺。一直到最近，世界粮食危机一百年之内只发生了三次，相对来讲，也算是小概率事件了。2007 年到 2008 年发生粮食危机时人心惶惶，但相对来说，程度不是很严重。小麦、大米以及玉米这些主食为世界上超过一半的人口直接提供摄人能量，还有很大一部分通过畜产品间接为人们提供能量。在 2007 年到 2008 年期间，这些主食的价格上涨了 967，不过还没有接近 20 世纪 70 年

11、代中期应对通货膨胀时的峰值。然而距离最近一次粮食危机还没几年，我们又开始谈论粮食价格了。汉译英32 【正确答案】 Smile is the patent of its owner. It can not be hired or bought, nor can be borrowed and stolen. Smile is the embodiment of the mood of the smiling people. It can boast of many functions: making people become intimate, removing the estrangemen

12、t to foster harmonious relationship, replacing the disappointment with satisfaction and changing distress into happiness. It can bridge the souls and mingle the feelings.Embodying the purity and selflessness of the inner heart, smile beckons friendship and emotion, and meantime dispels contradiction

13、 and displeasure. Though being silent, its more better than it. Smile can link one soul to the other. The ancient people said that one should grin at any time and smile at the ancient as well as the current as you will feel relieved at everything with smile. It can be interpreted as the following: p

14、raise with a smile can extend sincerity to others and also spur people to strengthen them. Criticism with a smile can show your kindness and help people make progress. Refuse with a smile can make people understandable and help them out of the trouble. Pray with smile can make people feel warm and help them go through difficulties.Smile is bright and a smiling world is a civilized one. May everyone smile more and frown less.