[考研类试卷]2013年上海理工大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

1、2013 年上海理工大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 OPEC2 CPI3 HTTP4 Hubble Space Telescope5 ultraviolet rays6 modem7 GM organism8 quark9 carbohydrate10 El Nino11 magnetic resonance imaging(MM)12 Nikon13 oxides of nitrogen14 photosynthesis15 geomorphology汉译英16 功能目的论17 术语18 液晶显示器19 自助图书馆20 臭氧层21 字节22 视译23 翻译记忆24 异化法25

2、蛋白质26 陪同口译27 等额选举28 可读性29 太阳同步轨道卫星30 基因疗法英译汉31 In agriculture a relevant aspect is the better adaptation of plants to specific environmental conditions that can be gained using genetic engineering techniques: this includes the better adaptation of crop plants to the changing environmental conditions

3、, including climate change, increased UV radiation, changed rainfall patterns. Plants may be able to be more resistant to drought, flooding, salinity or sensitivity to heavy metals, so that they can be grown in areas of the earth currently beyond the tolerance range of species, or even those areas u

4、nable to be used for agriculture at all. Furthermore, other environments could be considered: tolerance to low temperature is also important, and, for example, an antifreeze gene from an arctic fish has been transferred to soybean, with the goal of creating plants tolerant to low temperature. Anothe

5、r aspect is related to chemical problems connected with plants growth: aluminum toxicity is a problem in low pH soils, where it may reduce plant growth. By making plants tolerant, they could grow better in such soils. Genetic modifications could lead to an increased disease and pest resistance and t

6、o the production of new cultivars with improved pest and disease resistance to promote more environmentally acceptable alternatives for food production. The genetic manipulation could lead finally to the utilization of new raw materials: traditional foods often involve consumption of only one or sev

7、eral parts of a plant, for example fruits, leaves, roots, or stems. Plants grown in one culture for roots may be eaten for their leaves in another, such as beetroot. Some plants may be eaten by humans in one culture, such as the plant rape in Japan, whereas it is used for rapeseed oil production in

8、Europe.Key Wordssalinity n. 盐度；盐分；盐性 cultivar n. 栽培品种beetroot n. 甜菜根 rape n. 油菜32 Thank you for your purchase of a Philips desk light! Operation InstructionsThis desk light is not waterproof and is only suitable for indoor usage.No alternations of any kind should be carried out on this desk light.Do

9、 not use any voltage exceeding a 10% margin of the specified standard.Do not touch the lamp inside or the lamp shade when the power is switched on.Do not place flammable material near the desk light.In case of operation failure, please switch off the desk light, unplug the power cord and contact you

10、r nearest Philips dealer.This desk light is suitable for Philips PL-F/4P 27W compact fluorescent lamps only. InstallationTake out the desk light body, base and clip.To use the desk light with the base, insert the stem onto the base plate and tighten the fixing screw.To use the desk light with the cl

11、ip, mount the clip onto the desired surface and tighten the fixing screw, then insert the stem onto the clip.The supplied clip is not suitable for use on tubes. MaintenanceIn order to ensure optimum performance, we recommend you to clean the desk light twice a year. When cleaning the desk light take

12、 care to use soft cotton clothes only.Do not use chemical solvents to clean the desk light, it might damage the painted surfaces. CautionPlease turn off the power and unplug the desk light before replacing the lamp! Key Words compact fluorescent lamps n. 电子节能灯汉译英33 像鸟儿一样地飞翔，摆脱地心引力的束缚，自由自在地在天空翱翔，让风“沙

13、沙”地掠过我们伸展的翅膀谁没有做过这样的美梦? 飞行作为人类最古老的梦想，也许要追溯到穴居人时代。那时候，当人类在地面上追捕动物累得筋疲力尽时，仰头看着在头顶上飞翔的鸟儿，无限向往。虽然有三分之二的生物能够飞行，但人类却被困在地面上。多少个世纪以来，勇敢无畏的开拓者试图模仿鸟儿飞行用人工制造的翅膀去冲破地心引力的牢笼。然而，像牛顿看到过的苹果落地一样，许多人坠地身亡。虽然历史上有过一些最有才华的人曾致力于解决这个难题，但是这个梦想直到 1903 年 12 月一个寒冷的早晨才得以实现。当时，美国有对兄弟从北卡罗来纳州的沙滩上腾空而起，给人类添上了双翼。随着莱特兄弟奥维尔与威尔伯的开天辟地的一系列

14、飞行，人类飞行的时代终于到来了。【关键词】莱特兄弟奥维尔与威尔伯 Orville and Wilbur Wright34 福建福信一珍生物工程有限公司是由福建省洪山企业集团公司与香港福信投资有限公司合资兴办的高科技企业，注册资本两千万元人民币。公司生产基地位于国家级科技园区福州科技园区洪山园内。公司拥有雄厚的技术力量，大、中专毕业以上的技术管理人才占员工总数的百分之三十以上，并与国内多家科研机构建立了紧密的合作关系。于若木、沈治平、卢圣栋等中国著名的营养学、生物学、医学专家受聘担任公司的高级顾问。公司环境优美、设备先进，拥有中国第一条年产三十万吨核酸花粉合剂的现代化生产线。第二、第三条生产线亦

15、将陆续建成。公司运用高新技术提取植物精华，制成“中华一珍” 核酸花粉合剂，解决了人类长期普遍缺乏核酸的医学、营养学难题，在中国近五千种营养保健品中独树一帜，后来居上。公司以“唯公有福，唯诚有信” 的福信企业企业精神和 “团结、拼搏、务实、创新、奉献”的洪山集团企业精神为动力，锐意进取、蒸蒸日上。【关键词】福建福信一珍生物工程有限公司 Fujian Good First Yizhen Biological CoLtd香港福信投资有限公司 Hong Kong Good First Investment，CorpLtd核酸花粉合剂 nucleic acid pollen mixture2013 年上

16、海理工大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 石油输出国组织2 【正确答案】 消费者物价指数3 【正确答案】 超文本传输协议4 【正确答案】 哈勃太空望远镜5 【正确答案】 紫外线6 【正确答案】 调制解调器7 【正确答案】 转基因生物8 【正确答案】 夸克9 【正确答案】 碳水化合物10 【正确答案】 厄尔尼诺现象11 【正确答案】 磁共振现象12 【正确答案】 尼康13 【正确答案】 氮氧化合物14 【正确答案】 光合作用15 【正确答案】 地貌学汉译英16 【正确答案】 skopos theory17 【正确答案】 terminology18 【正确答案】 liquid

17、 crystal display19 【正确答案】 self-service library20 【正确答案】 ozone layer21 【正确答案】 byte22 【正确答案】 sight interpretation23 【正确答案】 translation memory24 【正确答案】 foreignization25 【正确答案】 protein26 【正确答案】 escort interpretation27 【正确答案】 single candidate election28 【正确答案】 readability29 【正确答案】 satellite in Sun synchr

18、onous orbit30 【正确答案】 gene therapy英译汉31 【正确答案】 在农业方面，基因工程技术可以使植物更好地适应现实的特定环境条件，也就是让农作物更好地适应环境条件的不断变化，包括气候变化、紫外线辐射增强以及降雨模式的变化。植物的抗旱、抗涝、抗盐分能力或是对重金属的抗敏感性都会增强，这样的话，就可以在超出物种耐量范围的土地或是在那些根本不能耕种的地方种植作物。此外，还要考虑到其他环境因素：耐低温也很重要，比如已经把北极的鱼体内的抗冻基因移植到了大豆上，以研制出耐低温的植物。另一方面就是关系植物生长的化学问题：在 pH 值低的土壤中铝中毒是个问题，因为它可以减缓植物生长速

19、度。植物产生抗体的话就可以在这样的土壤中长得更好。基因转变既可以使抗病虫性能增强，也可以生产出新的品种，使抗病虫性能得以改善，推动粮食生产合乎环境要求。基因操作最终会使新的原材料具有新的用途：传统的食品经常是只食用植物的一个或几个部位，比如水果、叶子、根或茎。在一种文化里可能只食用植物的根，而在另一种文化里可食用的则是叶子，比如甜菜根。在一种文化里植物可能是用来吃的，比如日本的油菜，而在欧洲是用于榨油的。32 【正确答案】 感谢您购买菲利普台灯!操作说明台灯不防水，仅限室内使用。禁止对台灯作任何改动。禁止使用超过规定标准 10的电压。开启后，禁止触摸灯内面或灯罩。台灯旁边禁止放置易燃物。如有故

20、障，请关掉台灯，拔下电源线，联系距您最近的菲利普经销商。台灯只能使用菲利普 PL-F4P 27W 电子节能灯。安装拿出灯体、底座和夹子。把灯杆插入底盘，拧紧螺丝。把夹子安装在任意桌面，拧紧螺丝，把灯身插入夹子。夹子不适用于管状物。保养为了保持最佳性能，建议一年清洁两次台灯。清洁台灯只能使用柔软的棉花。禁止使用化学溶剂清洗台灯，可能会损坏涂漆面。警告：关掉电源，拔掉台灯插座再更换灯泡。汉译英33 【正确答案】 To fly like birds and break the tether of the gravity and soar free in the air with the wind r

21、ustling through the outstretched wingsWho has not done so in the dream? Flying, as the oldest dream of human, perhaps should reach back to the age. when the cave dwellers would look longingly up at the birds flying overhead as they hunt wearily for the animals on the earth. Though two thirds of crea

22、tures can fly, humans are trapped on the earth. Over the centuries, the brave pioneers tried to imitate birdsthey struggled to break through the cage of gravity with artificial wings. However, many fell to their death just like the falling apple Newton ever saw. Some talented people once devoted the

23、mselves to overcoming the difficulty. Yet, the dream didnt come true until a chilly morning in December, 1903 when two brothers in America rose from the sands of North Carolina to bring wings to man. The sequent flights carried out by Orville and Wilbur Wright ushered in the flying age of human.34 【

24、正确答案】 Fujian Good First Yizhen Biological Co. Ltd. is a high-tech joint venture established by Fujian Hongshan Enterprise Group Company and Hong Kong Good First Investment Corp. Ltd with registered capital of 20 million yuan. The production base is located in the national science and technology park

25、Hongshan park of Fuzhou technology park. The strong technical power of the company can be exemplified by technical managers, over 30 percent of whom have polytechnic or junior college degrees and cooperation with many scientific research institutions at home. The company employs many renowned expert

26、s in nutriology, biology and medical science, such as Yu Ruomu, Shen Zhiping and Lu Sheng-dong as our senior consultants. With beautiful environment and advanced equipment, the company holds Chinas first modern production line so as to produce 300 thousand tons of nucleic acid pollen mixture annuall

27、y. The second and the third production line will be completed in succession. Having extracted the plant essence with advanced technology, the company developed “Chinese Yizhen“ nucleic acid pollen mixture. Thus the company solves the problem of long-term shortage of nucleic acida difficulty in medic

28、al science and nutriology and thus creats a separate school in the nearly 5000 dietary supplements. The enterprise spirit of Fuxin is “Only serve the public with sincerity can we gain benefits and peoples trust“, and that of Hongshan Group is “Solidarity, Struggle, Practice, Innovation and Contribution“. Driven by the two spirits, the company forges ahead with determination in the ascendant.