[考研类试卷]2013年中南大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

1、2013 年中南大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 ADB2 CCC3 CITIC4 FTAC5 ICRC6 IOC7 UNDP8 WFP9 WIPO10 make academic fraud a crime11 data falsification12 asset price bubbles13 required reserve ratio14 subprime crisis15 soak up liquidity汉译英16 耕地流失17 云计算18 新能源示范城19 生态旅游20 酒精呼气测试21 文化软实力22 农村合作医疗23 环保彩票24 转基因食品25 房地产信托资金2

2、6 热钱流入27 基准利率28 社会福利制度29 赈灾30 创新型社会英译汉31 What is a black hole? Well, its difficult to answer this question, since the terms we would normally use to describe a scientific phenomenon are inadequate here. Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space(not a thing)into which ma

3、tter has fallen and from which nothing can escape not even light. So we cant see a black hole. A black hole exerts a strong gravitational pull and yet it has no matter. It is only spaceor so we think. How can this happen?The theory is that some stars explode when their density increases to a particu

4、lar point; they collapse and sometimes a supernova occurs. From Earth, a supernova looks like a very bright light in the sky which shines even in the daytime. The most convincing evidence of black holes comes from research into binary star systems. Binary stars, as their name suggests, are twin star

5、s whose position in space affects each other. In some binary systems, astronomers have shown that there is an invisible companion star, a “ partner“ to the one which we can see in the sky. Matter from the one which we can see is being pulled towards the companion star. Could this invisible star, whi

6、ch exerts such a great force, be a black hole? Astronomers have evidence of a few other stars too, which might have black holes as companions.The story of black holes is just beginning. Speculations about them are endless. There might be a massive black hole at the center of our galaxy swallowing up

7、 stars at a very rapid rate. Mankind may one day meet this fate. On the other hand, scientists have suggested that very advanced technology could one day make use of the energy of black holes for mankind. These speculations sound like science fiction. But the theory of black holes in space is accept

8、ed by many serious scientists and astronomers. They show us a world which operates in a totally different way from our own and they question our most basic experience of space and time.汉译英32 能源是支撑人类文明进步的物质基础，是现代社会发展不可或缺的基本条件。在中国实现现代化和全体人民共同富裕的进程中，能源始终是一个重大的战略问题。20 世纪 70 年代末实行改革开放以来，中国的能源事业取得了长足发展。目前

9、，中国已成为世界上最大的能源生产国，形成了煤炭、电力、石油、天然气以及新能源和可再生能源全面发展的能源供应体系，能源普遍服务水平大幅提升，居民生活用能条件极大改善。能源的发展，为消除贫困、改善民生、保持经济长期平稳较快发展提供了有力保障。中国能源发展面临着诸多挑战。能源资源禀赋不高，煤炭、石油、天然气人均拥有量较低。能源消费总量近年来增长过快，保障能源供应压力增大。化石能源大规模开发利用，对生态环境造成一定程度的影响。2013 年中南大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 亚洲开发银行(Asian Development Bank)2 【正确答案】 中国强制认证(China

10、Compulsory Certification)3 【正确答案】 中国国际信托投资公司(China International Trust and Investment Corporation)4 【正确答案】 (中国) 对外贸易仲裁委员会(Foreign Trade Arbitration Commission)5 【正确答案】 国际红十字委员会(International Committee of the Red Cross)6 【正确答案】 国际奥林匹克委员会(International Olympic Committee)7 【正确答案】 联合国开发计划署(United Nation

11、s Development Programme)8 【正确答案】 世界粮食计划署(World Food Programme)9 【正确答案】 世界知识产权组织(World Intellectual Property Organization)10 【正确答案】 设立学术欺诈罪11 【正确答案】 伪造数据12 【正确答案】 资产价格泡沫13 【正确答案】 法定准备金率14 【正确答案】 次贷危机15 【正确答案】 回收流动性汉译英16 【正确答案】 arable land loss17 【正确答案】 cloud computing18 【正确答案】 new-energy model city19

12、 【正确答案】 ecotourism20 【正确答案】 breath alcohol test21 【正确答案】 soft power of culture22 【正确答案】 rural cooperative medical service23 【正确答案】 environmental lottery24 【正确答案】 genetically modified food25 【正确答案】 real estate trust funds26 【正确答案】 hot-money inflow27 【正确答案】 benchmark interest rate28 【正确答案】 social welf

13、are system29 【正确答案】 disaster relief30 【正确答案】 an innovative society英译汉31 【正确答案】 什么是黑洞呢?这个问题很难回答，因为我们把通常用来描述一种科学现象的术语用在这里来解释是不够的。天文学家和科学家们认为黑洞是个空间区域，物体会掉进去，而没有物体能从中逃逸出来即使是光也不能，所以我们看不到黑洞。黑洞产生很强的引力，而它却没有物质。它只是空间或者我们认为是空间。这是怎样发生的呢?理论是一些星球的密度增长到某一特定点时就会爆炸。它们瓦解时会产生超新星。从地球上看去，超新星就像天空中非常耀眼的灯，即使在白天也能看到其闪光。黑洞最

14、有说服力的证据来自对双星系的研究。双星，正如它们的名字所表明的，是两颗在空间位置上互相影响的星球。天文学家表示，在一些双星系里，有一颗看不到的伴星，即我们可以在天空中看到的一颗星球的伙伴。来自我们看到的星球的物质正被吸引到伴星去。这颗产生如此巨大力量的看不见的星球会是黑洞吗?天文学家还有其他一些星球的证据，这些星球可能与黑洞相伴。对黑洞的研究刚刚开始，各种推测会层出不穷。在我们银河系的中心很可能存在着一个巨大的黑洞正以极快的速度吞噬着星球。人类有一天也会面临被吞噬的命运。而科学家也提出，有一天高科技会利用黑洞的能量为人类服务。这些设想听起来像科幻小说，但空间中黑洞的理论被许多严谨的科学家和天文

15、学家接受。他们向我们展示了一个以完全不同于我们理解的方式运行的世界，并对我们掌握的最基本的时空经验提出了疑问。汉译英32 【正确答案】 Energy is the material basis for the progress of human civilization and an indispensable basic condition for the development of modern society. It remains a major strategic issue for China as the country moves towards its goals of m

16、odernization and common prosperity for its people.Since China adopted the policy of reform and opening up in the late 1970s, its energy industry has made great advances. China is now the worlds largest energy producer. It has built up a comprehensive energy supply system comprising coal, electricity

17、, petroleum, natural gas, and new and renewable energy resources. Its universal energy service and civil energy use conditions have markedly improved. Its thriving energy industry provides a guarantee for the country to reduce poverty, improve the peoples livelihood and maintain long-term, steady an

18、d rapid economic development.However, Chinas energy development still faces many challenges. The countrys energy resource endowment is not high and its per-capita share of coal, petroleum and natural gas is low. Its energy consumption has grown too quickly in recent years, increasing the strain on energy supply. Fossil energy resources have been exploited on a large scale, causing a certain amount of damage to the eco-environment.