[考研类试卷]2014年上海理工大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

1、2014 年上海理工大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 CBD2 ISBN3 PIN4 FIT World Congress5 physiological chemistry6 re-entry module7 molecular biology of the gene8 castings9 Classical Books of Confucius10 infra-red astronomy11 packaging and textile industries12 ampere13 megafossil14 Evolution and Ethics15 microprocessor汉

2、译英16 科技翻译17 机器翻译18 微博19 信达雅20 回译21 语言服务产业22 交替传译23 翻译记忆库24 归化法25 智能手机26 会议口译27 跨文化交流28 本地化29 中国(上海) 自由贸易试验区30 译审英译汉31 Stories about the dangers of chemicals leaching from plastic into microwaved food have circulated on the Internet for years. As a result, the Food and Drug Administration continues t

3、o receive inquires from concerned consumers.Consumers can be confident as they heat holiday meals or leftovers in the microwave because the FDA carefully reviews the substances used to make plastics designed for food use.“Its true that substances used to make plastics can leach into food, “ says Edw

4、ard Machuga, Ph. D. , a consumer safety officer in the FDAs Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. “But as part of the approval process, the FDA considers the amount of a substance expected to migrate into food and the toxicological concerns about the particular chemical.“ The agency has asse

5、ssed migration levels of substances added to regulated plastics and has found the levels to be well within the margin of safety based on information available to the agency. The FDA will revisit its safety evaluation if new scientific information raises concerns.One chemical called diethylhexyl adip

6、ate(DEHA)has received a lot of media attention. DEHA is a plasticizer, a substance added to some plastics to make them flexible. DEHA exposure may occur when eating certain foods wrapped in plastics, especially fatty foods such as meat and cheese. But the levels are very low. The levels of the plast

7、icizer that might be consumed as a result of plastic film use are well below the levels showing no toxic effect in animal studies. KeywordsCenter for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition 食品安全和应用营养中心 toxicological adj. 毒物学的 plasticizer n. 增塑剂32 Boeing in briefBoeing is the worlds leading aerospace compa

8、ny and the largest manufacturer of commercial jetliners and military aircraft combined. Additionally, Boeing designs and manufactures rotorcraft, electronic and defense systems, missiles, satellites, launch vehicles and advanced information and communication systems. As a major service provider to N

9、ASA, Boeing operates the Space Shuttle and International Space Station. The company also provides numerous military and commercial airline support services. Boeing has customers in more than 90 countries around the world and is one of the largest U. S. exporters in terms of sales.Boeing has a long t

10、radition of aerospace leadership and innovation. The company continues to expand its product line and services to meet emerging customer needs. The broad range of capabilities includes creating new, more efficient members of its commercial airplane family; integrating military platforms, defense sys

11、tems and the warfighter through network-centric operations; creating advanced technology solutions; and arranging innovative customer-financing solutions.Headquartered in Chicago, Boeing employs more than 158,000 people across the United States and in 70 countries. This represents one of the most di

12、verse, talented and innovative workforces anywhere. More than 90,000 of our people hold college degreesincluding nearly 29, 000 advanced degreesin virtually every business and technical field from approximately 2,700 colleges and universities worldwide. Key Wordsjetliners n. 喷气式飞机 rotorcraft n. 旋翼式飞

13、机 network-centric operations 网络中心行动汉译英33 食物如果保存不当很快会腐烂。温度和潮气都会助长微生物的繁殖，阳光会破坏牛奶一类食物的维生素成分，所以，大多数食物应该保存在既凉爽、黑暗和干燥又干净、通风良好的地方。腐烂变质很快的食物，如肉类、蛋类和奶类，应该在 5一 10范围内保存。因为在此温度范围内，微生物的活动大大减少。在气候温暖的情况下，只有在冰箱或房屋的地下室才能保持这个温度。在英国，一年至少有 6 个月时间，在朝北或朝东没有暖气的房间里，这个温度范围可以保持。在通风良好的条件下，这样的房间适合冬季保存食物。【关键词】微生物 nmicroorganism

14、s 繁殖 nmultiplication34 2001 上海国际冶金工业展开幕式致辞由中国国际贸易促进委员会上海市分会、中国国际商会上海商会赞助，上海宝钢集团公司、上海市国际展览公司和华进有限公司联合主办的 2001 上海国际冶金展，今天在上海国际展览中心隆重开幕了。请允许我代表上海宝钢集团公司对 2001 上海国际冶金工业展的开幕表示热烈祝贺!向各参展嘉宾特别是远道而来的朋友，表示热烈的欢迎!向提供赞助的各个单位，向关心和支持这次冶金展的中国钢铁工业协会和上海市有关部门的领导，以及为这次冶金展付出辛勤劳动的有关人员表示衷心的感谢!这次冶金展集中展示了国内外各类先进的冶金、铸造、锻造、热处理等

15、方面的先进技术和设备。展览会期间还将同时举行大型技术交流会。在世界经济全球化加速发展和中国正式加入 WTO 的背景下，一个更加开放、有序的包括冶金产品、冶金技术和冶金装备在内的冶金市场将在上海形成，热诚欢迎国内外朋友来上海开展技术贸易、技术服务以及投资合作!【关键词】中国国际贸易促进委员会上海市分会 China Council for the Promotion of International Trade Shanghai Branch(CCPIT Shanghai)中国国际商会上海商会 China Chamber of International Commerce Shanghai Cha

16、pter (CCOIC Shanghai)2001 上海国际冶金展 The World Metallurgy Expo Shanghai 2001铸造、锻造、热处理 casting，forging and heat treatment2014 年上海理工大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 中央商务区2 【正确答案】 国际标准图书编号3 【正确答案】 个人身份识别4 【正确答案】 世界翻译大会5 【正确答案】 生理化学6 【正确答案】 返回舱7 【正确答案】 基因分子生物学8 【正确答案】 铸件9 【正确答案】 儒家经典著作10 【正确答案】 红外线天文学11 【正确答案】

17、 包装和纺织工业12 【正确答案】 安培13 【正确答案】 大化石14 【正确答案】 天演论15 【正确答案】 微处理器汉译英16 【正确答案】 scientific translation17 【正确答案】 machine translation18 【正确答案】 microblog19 【正确答案】 faithfulness，expressiveness and elegance20 【正确答案】 back translation21 【正确答案】 language service industry22 【正确答案】 consecutive translation23 【正确答案】 tra

18、nslation memory24 【正确答案】 domestication25 【正确答案】 smart phone26 【正确答案】 conference interpreting27 【正确答案】 cross-cultural communication28 【正确答案】 localization29 【正确答案】 China(Shanghai)Pilot Free Trade Zone30 【正确答案】 first-grade translator英译汉31 【正确答案】 危险的化学物质从塑料渗入微波食物的说法已经在网络上流传了多年。结果，食品和药物管理局连续收到一些表示担心的消费者的

19、询问。消费者可以大胆地用微波炉去加热节庆食品以及剩饭，因为食药局认真检查了用于制造食物所用的塑料的化学物质。“用于制造塑料的化学物质确实会渗进食物” ，爱德华 ?马楚葛博士说，他是食药局食品安全和应用营养中心负责消费者安全的官员。“但作为审批流程的一部分，食药局会仔细考虑渗入食物的化学物质的分量以及与特定化学材料相关的毒物化学的物质。”食药局已经对添加到规定塑料中的物质的渗入水平作了评估，以分析出的信息在看，渗入的水平正好在安全系数之内。若再出现新的科研信息，食药局会对安全监测结果重新评估。有一种叫作己二酸二辛已酯的化学物质已经引起了媒体的关注。己二酸二辛酯是一种增塑剂，添加到塑料里使之更加具

20、有弹性。吃某些塑料包装的食品时己二酸二辛酯可能会渗出，特别是用袋子里装油腻的食物，如肉和奶酪。但渗入的水平会很低。使用塑料薄膜渗出塑化剂的水平低于用动物做实验的渗出水平，而后者显示是没有毒性反应的。32 【正确答案】 波音公司简介波音公司在世界航天业处于领先地位，是世界上最大的商用喷气客机和军用飞机生产商。此外，波音还设计并生产旋翼飞机，电子和防御系统、导弹、卫星、运载火箭以及发达的信息通信系统。波音是美国国家航空航天局的主要服务提供商，运营着航天飞机和国际空间站。公司也提供众多的军事和商业航空辅助服务。波音的消费者遍布全世界 90 多个国家，在销售额方面波音公司是美国最大的出口商之一。波音公

21、司历来重视创新，一直都是航天业的领导者。公司为满足新兴消费者的需求继续扩大生产线，增加服务。波音涉足的领域很宽广，包括制造更加高效的新商用飞机，通过网络中心行动整合军事平台、防御系统以及作战人员，利用发达的技术来解决问题，开发出通过消费者来筹资的创新性办法。波音总部位于芝加哥，在全美以及世界上 70 个国家有 158 000 名员工。这支员工队伍富于多样化，人才济济，创新性强。超过 90 000 名拥有大学学历，29 000名为高学历，来自于全世界约 2 700 所大学，几乎涵盖了所有商业和技术领域的专业。汉译英33 【正确答案】 Food will decompose quickly in

22、case of improper preservation. Heat and moisture can encourage the multiplication of microorganisms and sunshine can damage the vitamins in some foods like milk. Thus, most food should be stored in cool, dark, dry, clean and well-ventilated places.The food which spoils at a fast speed, such as meat,

23、 egg and milk should be preserved in a temperature of 5-10. The microorganisms become less active in this temperature range. If it is warm, the temperature can be kept in the refrigerator or in the basement. In Britain, for six months of the year at least, the temperature is available in an unheated

24、 room facing the north or the east. In case of excellent ventilation, the room is ideal for food preservation in winter.34 【正确答案】 Opening Speech at The World Metallurgy Industry Expo Shanghai 2001The World Metallurgy Industry Expo Shanghai 2001 has been opened in Shanghai International Exhibition Ce

25、nter today. The Expo is sponsored by China Council for the Promotion of International Trade Shanghai Branch(CCPIT Shanghai)and China Chamber of International Commerce Shanghai Chapter(CCOIC Shanghai)and jointly held by Shanghai Baosteel Group Company, Shanghai International Exhibition Company and Hu

26、ajin Co. Ltd.On behalf of Shanghai Baosteel Group Company, please allow me to extend my warm congratulations to the opening of the Expo, my cordial welcome to the distinguished guests especially those friends who come from afar. Id like to express my heartfelt thanks to leaders of relevant departmen

27、ts of Shanghai Municipality and China Iron and Steel Association who have shown their care for and support to the Expo. And my gratitude also goes to those staff who has made hard work for the Expo.The Metallurgy Expo has made concentrated display of the advanced technology and equipment of metallur

28、gy, casting, forging and heat treatment at home and abroad. Large technical symposiums will be held during the Expo.Against the background of accelerated economic globalization and Chinas entry into WTO, a more open metallurgy market including products, technology and equipment of metallurgy will be formed in Shanghai in an orderly way. We welcome friends at home and abroad to Shanghai for cooperation in technology trade, technology service and investment cooperation.