[考研类试卷]2014年东华大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

1、2014 年东华大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 statutory law2 presumption of innocence3 party to a contract4 intangible assets5 CPA6 asset portfolio7 spring couplets8 the Chinese zodiac9 bonsai10 acupuncture11 negligent homicide12 circumstantial evidence13 VAT14 quasi-fiscal deficit15 filial piety汉译英16 文房四宝17 礼仪之邦1

2、8 甲骨文19 天人合一20 山水画21 控方证人22 社会保障制度23 资产负债表24 国民生产总值25 信托投资公司26 上市公司27 文艺工作28 大同社会29 中庸30 儒释道英译汉31 A childs world is fresh and new and beautiful, full of wonder and excitement. It is our misfortune that for most of us that clear-eyed vision, that true instinct of what is beautiful and awe-inspiring,

3、is dimmed or even lost before we reach adulthood. If I had influence with the good fairy who is supposed to preside over the christening of all children I should ask that her gift to each child in the world be a sense of wonder so indestructible that it would last throughout life, as an unfailing an

4、tidote against the boredom and disenchantments of later years, the sterile preoccupation with things that are artificial, the alienation from the sources of our strength.If a child is to keep alive his inborn sense of wonder without any such gift from the fairies, he needs the companionship of at le

5、ast one adult who can share it, rediscovering with him the joy, excitement of mystery of the world we live in. Parents often have a sense of inadequacy when confronted on the hand with eager, sensitive child mind of a child and on the other with a world of complex physical nature, inhabited by a lif

6、e so various and unfamiliar that it seems hopeless to reduce it to order and knowledge. In a mood of self-defeat, they exclaim, “How can I possibly teach my child about naturewhy, I dont even know one bird from another!“I sincerely believe that for the child, and for the parent seeking to guide them

7、, it is not half so important to know as to feel. If facts are the seeds that later produce knowledge and wisdom, then the emotions and the impressions of the senses are the fertile soil in which the seeds must grow. The years of early childhood are the time to prepare the soil. Once the emotions ha

8、ve been arouseda sense of the beautiful, the excitement of the new and the unknown, a feeling of sympathy, pity, admiration or lovethen we wish for knowledge about the object of our emotional response. Once found, it has lasting meaning. It is more important to pave the way for the child to want to

9、know than to put him on a diet of facts he is not ready to assimilate. (From The Instinct for the Beautiful by Rachel Louise Carson)汉译英32 画家的作品总有些出人意料之处，每一个系列都有一个明显的变化，大到意境，小到技巧。但正如许多人所感受到的，他的许多画作蕴含了中国古文化的韵味，或清新雅致或气势雄浑、或温润飘逸，笔端总能读迅古意与古风。画家以风景人画，所画山水都在西部，树、山、水，多显现出特定的地域风貌。与东部一平如镜相比，他似乎更喜欢西部的大起大落。他画大山

10、大水，也有剪裁得当的小幅作品。几个系列画下来，画得越多，也就画得越深入，虽然没有长期停留在西部的经历，但是敏锐与善思却帮助他很快从风景表象进入精神内涵。他找到了自然风景的真实，也找到了自己独特的表现途径。他的画风逐渐变得简约而内敛，内心变得平和与淡定，可是在看似轻松的表象下，内在的分量却在增加。2014 年东华大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 成文法2 【正确答案】 无罪推定3 【正确答案】 合同当事人4 【正确答案】 无形资产5 【正确答案】 注册会计师6 【正确答案】 资产组合7 【正确答案】 春联8 【正确答案】 生肖9 【正确答案】 盆景10 【正确答案】 针灸

11、：针刺疗法11 【正确答案】 过失杀人12 【正确答案】 间接证据；旁证13 【正确答案】 增值税14 【正确答案】 准财政赤字15 【正确答案】 孝道；孝顺汉译英16 【正确答案】 the “scholars four jewels“ (writing brush, ink stick, ink slab and paper)17 【正确答案】 a state of ceremonies18 【正确答案】 Oracle19 【正确答案】 the theory that man is an integral part of nature20 【正确答案】 landscape painting;

12、 mountains-and-waters painting21 【正确答案】 prosecuting witness22 【正确答案】 social security system23 【正确答案】 balance sheet24 【正确答案】 (GNP) Gross National Product25 【正确答案】 trust and investment corporation26 【正确答案】 listed company27 【正确答案】 work in the literary and artistic field; cultural and art work28 【正确答案】

13、Universal Society29 【正确答案】 The Golden Mean30 【正确答案】 Confucianism; Buddhism and Taoism英译汉31 【正确答案】 儿童的世界新奇而美丽，充满了惊异和兴奋。可是，对我们多数人来说，还未到成年，这种锐利的目光，这种热爱一切美丽的和令人敬畏的事物的天性，就已经变得迟钝，甚至丧失殆尽。这真是我们的不幸。据说，有一位善心的仙女主持所有儿童的洗礼。假如我能对她有所影响的话，我倒想向她提个要求：请她赋予世间的儿童以新奇感(一种能伴随他们终身的、无法摧毁的新奇感)，并使它成为万灵的解药。有了它，他们在以后的岁月中就会永远陶醉在新

14、奇之中，不致产生厌倦感，不致徒劳地全神贯注于人为的虚假的事物，不致脱离力量的源泉。假如一个儿童没有受到仙女的赐予而想要持久地保持他那天生的新奇感，他至少需要有一个能与他共享新奇感的成年人和他做伴，并且跟他一起不断去发现我们所生活的这个世界中的一切欢乐、刺激和神秘。做父母的常有力不从心之感。一方面，他们要满足孩子那感觉灵敏而又渴望求知的心灵；另一方面，复杂的物质世界却使他们感到难于应付，他们自己对于这个世界形形色色的生活都感到生疏，好像未抱有理出头绪、弄个明白的愿望。他们自己就泄了气，喊道：“我哪能教我的孩子认识大自然啊!我连两只鸟都分不清哩!”我真诚地相信，对于儿童以及期望引导儿童的父母来说，

15、感觉力比理解力更为重要。如果将事实比作是以后会萌发知识和智慧的“种子” 的话，那么情感激情与感官印象就好比是肥沃的“ 土壤 ”，“种子”离开它就无法生长。童年早期是准备、培育“土壤”的时期。一旦唤起了内心中的种种情感，如美感、对新鲜事物和未知事物的兴奋感、同情心、恻隐之心、钦慕之情、爱慕之心，我们继而就会希望获得关于引起我们产生情感反应的事物的知识。而这种知识一旦获得，就会产生深远的意义与影响。显而易见，培养、激发孩子的求知欲与探究欲，比像饮食似地让孩子吞咽下他还吸收不了的种种知识更为重要。汉译英32 【正确答案】 The works of Zhang Lanjun are always be

16、yond expectations: each of his series shows a striking change in artistic mood or technique. However, as is commonly felt, many of his works are invariably permeated with the flavor of traditional Chinese culture: some are fresh and chaste, some bold and vigorous, some gentle and graceful. The scene

17、s Zhang Lanjun paints, such as trees, mountains and rivers, are in the west, taking on specific geographical features. Compared with the flatness of the east, he seems more inclined to the roughness of the west; he depicts the boundless landscapes together with well-composed isolated side scenes. Th

18、e more he paints, the more he paints in depth. Though his stay in the west is not long, he penetrates into the spiritual aspects of the scenes with keen and insightful perspective. He has found the truth of natural scenery in his unique way of expression: his style is more reduced and unassertive; his inner self is more tranquil and restful. Yet underneath the seeming ease is found ever intensifying force.