[考研类试卷]2014年中国矿业大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

1、2014 年中国矿业大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 EVP2 ISBN3 CTO4 CBD5 ISO6 Black economy7 white-collar crime8 job hop9 Ceefax BBC10 Good lenses, bad frames11 nearsighted date12 postsantum depression13 cash cow14 the claimant for compensation15 International Herald Tribune汉译英16 投资热点17 市政工程18 刷卡19 植入广告20 烂尾楼21 萝卜招聘22

2、 吐槽23 月光族24 应对外部经济风险冲击25 发展基层民主26 世情、国情、党情27 凝聚力量，攻坚克难28 前所未有的机遇和挑战29 资源环境约束30 实施科技兴国、人才强国战略英译汉31 He is almost totally paralyzed, speechless and wheelchair-bound, able to move only his facial muscles and two fingers on his left hand. He cannot dress or feed himself, and he needs round-the-clock nurs

3、ing care. He can communicate only through a voice synthesizer, which he operates by laboriously tapping out words on the computer attached to his motorized chair. Yet at age 50, despite these crushing adversities, Stephen Hawking has become, in the words of science writers Michael White and John Gri

4、bbin, “perhaps the greatest physicist of our time. “ His 1988 book, A Brief History of Time, has sold 1. 7 million copies around the world.Rejecting the urging of his physician father to study medicine, Hawking chose instead to concentrate on math and theoretical physics, first at Oxford and then at

5、 Cambridge, But at age 21 he developed the first symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS), a disorder that would inevitably render him paralyzed and incapable of performing most kinds of work. As the authors note, theoretical physics was “one of the very few jobs for which his mind was the onl

6、y real tool he needed. “While still a graduate student, Hawking became fascinated by black holes, the bizarre objects created during the death throes of large stars. Working with mathematician Roger Penrose and using Einsteins relativity equations, he developed new techniques to prove mathematically

7、 that at the heart of black holes were singularitiesinfinitely dense, dimensionless points with irresistible gravity. He went on to demonstrate that the entire universe could have sprung from a singularity.Gathering momentum as a fellow at Cambridge, Hawking calculated that the Big Bang, which gave

8、birth to the universe, must have created tiny black holes, each about the size of a proton but with the mass of a mountain. Then, upsetting the universal belief that nothing, not even light, can escape from a black hole, he used the quantum theory to demonstrate that these mini-holes(and larger ones

9、 too)emit radiation. Other scientists eventually conceded that he was correct, and the black-hole emissions are now known as Hawking radiation.His succinct, synthesized voice comments are often laced with humor, he enjoys socializing with his students and colleagues, attends rock concerts and someti

10、mes takes to the dance floor at discos, wheeling his chair in circles. But he can be stubborn, abrasive and quick to anger, terminating a conversation by spinning around and rolling off, sometimes running one of his wheels over the toes of an offender.汉译英32 中国与联合国、世界银行等多边机构发挥各自优势，在农业、环保、培训等方面开展对非合作。

11、中国是第一个与联合国粮农组织建立南南合作战略联盟的国家。2008 年，中国宣布向联合国粮农组织捐赠 3 000 万美元设立信托基金，重点用于支持中国参与“ 粮食安全特别计划 ”框架下的南南合作，基金使用将适度向非洲地区倾斜。截至 2012 年底，中国已在该框架下，向非洲派遣农业专家和技术人员，在农田水利、农作物生产、畜牧水产养殖和农产品加工等多个领域提供农业技术援助，为提高其农业生产能力和粮食安全水平发挥了积极作用。2012 年，中国承诺向国际货币基金组织非洲技术援助活动捐资 1 000 万美元，推动非洲国家宏观管理能力建设。自 2007 年 5 月中国金融机构与世界银行建立全面合作框架机制以

12、来，目前双方就非洲国家一些基础设施建设项目正进行可行性研究和探讨。中国金融机构与世界银行集团旗下的国际金融公司等机构长期保持良好合作关系，在西非地区电信项目上提供联合融资，共同推动了区域通信行业发展。2014 年中国矿业大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 超自然电子异象2 【正确答案】 国际标准图书编号3 【正确答案】 首席技术官4 【正确答案】 交货前付现5 【正确答案】 国际标准化组织6 【正确答案】 非法经济7 【正确答案】 利用职务便利的犯罪8 【正确答案】 跳槽9 【正确答案】 电视图文传送10 【正确答案】 人不可貌相11 【正确答案】 近视相亲12 【正确答

13、案】 节后抑郁症13 【正确答案】 摇钱树14 【正确答案】 赔偿请求人15 【正确答案】 国际先驱论坛报汉译英16 【正确答案】 investment hot spot17 【正确答案】 municipal engineering18 【正确答案】 swiping card19 【正确答案】 product placement20 【正确答案】 unfinished building21 【正确答案】 tailormade recruitment22 【正确答案】 disclose ones secret23 【正确答案】 live from paycheck to paycheck24 【

14、正确答案】 defuse external economic risks25 【正确答案】 develop communitylevel democracy26 【正确答案】 global，national and Party conditions27 【正确答案】 pool our strength to overcome all difficulties28 【正确答案】 unprecedented opportunities and challenges29 【正确答案】 resource and environment constrains30 【正确答案】 implement the

15、 strategies for making China strong by developing science and education and training competent personnel英译汉31 【正确答案】 他几乎完全瘫痪，不能说话，离不开轮椅，能够活动的只有他面部的肌肉和他左手的两个指头。吃饭穿衣他不能自理，白天夜晚都需要人照顾。他只能通过一个发声合成器同别人交流。这个计算机式的发声合成器固定在他那装有马达的轮椅上；他吃力地操作键盘，把要说的话一个词一个词地打出来。尽管他遭此极度厄运，斯蒂芬-霍金在他年已半百的时候还是成了“也许是当代最伟大的物理学家”。(科技作家迈

16、克 ?怀特和约翰?格里宾说)他 1988 年出版的时间简史一书，在世界各地共销售了 170 万册。他父亲是个医生，曾敦促他学医，但他没有从命，而是先后在牛津大学和剑桥大学专攻数学和理论物理。可是他在 21 岁的时候，出现了肌萎缩性侧索硬化的征兆；这一疾病不可避免地要导致瘫痪，使他很多事都不能做。用本书的两位作者的话来说，“研究理论物理是他能做的屈指可数的几件工作之一这些工作实际需要的工具仅是他的大脑。”还在当研究生的时候，他就对研究黑洞现象巨大星体泯灭过程中产生的奇怪物体人了迷。他同数学家罗杰?潘洛斯合作，运用爱因斯坦的相对论等式找到了新的计算方法来证明：在黑洞的中心是一堆密密麻麻的、无边无际

17、的、具有巨大引力的奇异小点。他继而证明，整个宇宙都有可能是从某个奇点演变而来的。在剑桥当研究员时，他再接再厉，并推测出：可能是产生宇宙的大爆炸同时也产生了那些小黑洞，其大小同质子差不多，但质量却重如一座大山。后来，他用量子理论证明这些小洞(还有大一些的)能发出射线，从而推翻了认为任何东西(包括光在内)都不能逃脱黑洞的普遍看法。其他科学家最终还是承认他是正确的，而且现在人们还把黑洞射线称为霍金射线。他那通过发声合成器说出来的简单话语，时不时还带着点幽默的味道。他喜欢和学生、同事们一起参加社交活动，参加摇滚音乐会，有时还到迪斯科舞厅去，坐在轮椅上转圈子。可他有时也很执拗，对别人有些生硬粗暴，爱发脾

18、气，有时他突然中断同别人的谈话，坐着轮椅转个圈，然后悻悻地离去。他甚至还会用轮椅的一个轮子轧冒犯者的脚趾。汉译英32 【正确答案】 China has joined forces with multilateral organizations including the United Nations(UN)and the World Bank(WB)to utilize their respective strengths to the fullest to aid Africa in the fields of agriculture, environmental protection an

19、d training. China was the first country to form a strategic alliance with the UNFAO to foster South-South cooperation. In 2008, China decided to contribute $ 30 million to the UNFAO to set up a trust fund. This fund, which is particularly beneficial to Africa, is used to support South-South cooperat

20、ion between China and African countries under the framework of the UNFAO Special Program for Food Security. By the end of 2012, under the said framework, China had sent many agricultural experts and technicians to African countries to provide technical assistance in the areas of irrigation and water

21、 conservation, crop production, animal husbandry, aquaculture and agricultural product processing. By doing this, China has played an active role in improving the agricultural production capacities and food security of these countries.In 2012, China promised to contribute $ 10 million to the Interna

22、tional Monetary Fund(IMF)to provide technical assistance to Africa and improve the macroeconomic management of African countries. Chinese financial institutions established an all-round cooperation framework with the WB in May 2007. The two sides are carrying out feasibility studies on some infrastr

23、ucture construction projects in African countries. Chinese financial institutions also maintain a good cooperative relationship with the International Finance Corporation(IFC), which is a member of the WB Group, to provide co-financing to telecommunications projects in West Africa and push forward the development of the communications industry in this region.