[考研类试卷]2016年四川大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

1、2016 年四川大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 the One Million Strong Initiative2 crowdfunding3 makerspace4 The Caspian Sea5 Coalbed Gas6 TPP7 intelligent vehicles8 CFDA9 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)10 land reclamation11 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)12 Computer-generated Imagery (CGI)13 Preclinic

2、al Medicine14 ISIS15 Toastmasters International汉译英16 联合国绿色气候基金17 众包18 骨质疏松19 中国人民对外友好协会20 亚投行21 二孩政策22 涨停板23 精准扶贫24 马太效应25 量子通信26 “大众创业，万众创新”27 无人机28 古装玄幻剧29 可兰经30 水浒传 英译汉31 Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have

3、 reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewh

4、at abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome itso at least it seems to me is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a ri

5、versmall at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their ind

6、ividual being. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, kno

7、wing that others will carry on what I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.32 Science finds order and meaning in our experience, and sets about this in quite a different way. It sets about it as Newton did in the story which he himself told in his old age

8、, and of which the school-books give only a caricature. In the year 1665, when Newton was twenty-two, the plague broke out in southern England, and the University of Cambridge was closed. Newton, therefore, spent the next eighteen months at home, removed from traditional learning, at a time when he

9、was impatient for knowledge and, in his own phrase, “I was in the prime of my age for invention.“ In this eager, boyish mood, sitting one day in the garden of his widowed mother, he saw an apple fall. So far the books have the story right; we think we even know the kind of apple; tradition has it th

10、at it was a Flower of Kent. But now they miss the crux of the story. For what struck the young Newton at the sight was not the thought that the apple must be drawn to the earth by gravity; that conception was older than Newton. What struck him was the conjecture that the same force of gravity, which

11、 reaches to the top of the tree, might go on reaching out beyond the earth and its air, endlessly into space. Gravity might reach the moon; this was Newtons new thought; and it might be gravity that holds the moon in her orbit. There and then he calculated what force from the earth would hold the mo

12、on, and compared it with the known force of gravity at tree height. The forces agreed; Newton says laconically, “ I found the answer pretty nearly.“ Yet they agreed only nearly: the likeness and the approximation go together, for no likeness is exact. In Newtons science modern science is full grown.

13、汉译英33 中国政府建设贯通欧、亚、非的海陆“丝绸之路” 的愿景引起了越来越多的国际关注。2013 年秋，习近平主席分别在出访中亚和东南亚时提出，要建设联通欧亚大陆的丝绸之路经济带，以及连接中国和世界的 21 世纪海上丝绸之路。这两个愿景提出了物流和交通建设的远景规划，以促进贸易、投资、资金流动、旅游和人员交流。加上已经规划的中巴经济走廊和连接中国西南和东南亚及南亚东部地区的经济带(尤其是孟中印缅经济走廊)，这些远景规划有望把“新丝路” 战略覆盖的 60多个经济体更加紧密地联系起来。34 “蜀国多仙山，峨眉邈难匹。” 中国唐代大诗人李白对峨眉山的咏叹，至今仍穿越时空，余音袅袅。峨眉山高出五岳、

14、秀甲天下，山势雄伟、气象万千，素有“一山有四季，十里不同天” 之妙喻。集自然风光与佛教文化为一体，著名的旅游胜地和佛教名山，1996 年 12 月 6 日列入世界文化与自然遗产名录。“仙山佛国 ”“植物王国”“动物乐园”“ 地质博物馆 ”峨眉以优美的自然风光、悠久的佛教文化、丰富的动植物资源、独特的地质地貌享誉世界，千百年来香火旺盛，游人络绎。峨眉，一个来了就不想走的地方。2016 年四川大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 “ 百万强 ”计划2 【正确答案】 众筹3 【正确答案】 创客空间4 【正确答案】 里海5 【正确答案】 煤层气6 【正确答案】 跨太平洋伙伴关系(T

15、ransPacific Partnership)7 【正确答案】 智能汽车8 【正确答案】 国家食品药品监督管理总局(China Food and Drug Administration)9 【正确答案】 (美国) 证券交易委员会10 【正确答案】 土地复垦；填海造陆11 【正确答案】 可持续发展目标12 【正确答案】 电脑图像生成技术13 【正确答案】 基础医学14 【正确答案】 “ 伊拉克和大叙利亚伊斯兰国 ”(Islamic State of Iraq and al Shams)15 【正确答案】 国际演讲协会汉译英16 【正确答案】 Green Climate Fund(GCF)17

16、【正确答案】 crowdsourcing18 【正确答案】 osteoporosis19 【正确答案】 Chinese Peoples Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries(CPAFFC)20 【正确答案】 the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank(AIIB)21 【正确答案】 twochild policy22 【正确答案】 raising limit23 【正确答案】 targeted poverty alleviation24 【正确答案】 the Matthew Effect25 【正

17、确答案】 quantum communication26 【正确答案】 mass entrepreneurship and innovation27 【正确答案】 unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV)28 【正确答案】 fantasy period drama/costume fantasy drama29 【正确答案】 Koran30 【正确答案】 Water Margin/Heroes of the Marshes英译汉31 【正确答案】 有些老年人因怕死而感到烦恼。青年人有这种感觉情有可原。有理由害怕自己战死沙场的年轻人，想到自己被剥夺了生活所能给予的最美好的东西时

18、，他们感到痛苦是可以理解的。可是老年人已饱尝人间甘苦，能做的都做了，怕死就有点儿可怜又可鄙。克服怕死的最好办法至少在我看来如此是逐渐拓宽自己的兴趣，减弱兴趣的个人色彩，直到自我的围墙一点点向外退去，生活渐渐与整个宇宙的生活融合。个人的存在应像河流，起初是涓涓细流，夹在窄窄的两岸之间，接着热情澎湃地冲过巨石，飞下瀑布。渐渐地，河面变宽，两岸离得越来越远，河流逐渐平缓，最后连绵不断地汇入大海，毫无痛苦地失去自我的存在。上了年纪的人如此看待生命，就不会再惧怕死亡，因为自己关心的一切都会继续。假如随着精力衰退，倦意日增，安息的想法未尝不是件好事，我希望自己死于工作之时，这样便知道有人会继续我未竟的事业

19、，想到一切力所能及之事都做了，也就心满意足了。【试题解析】 本文选自 20 世纪英国哲学家 Bertrand Russel(伯特兰.罗素)的散文 How to grow old (如何安度晚年)。作者将人的一生比作河流，用这种巧妙的比喻生动地为读者呈现了生命的状态。本文文字充满睿智，思辨性强，且读来朗朗上口，翻译时也要体现出这些特点。32 【正确答案】 科学从经验中发现事物的规律和意义，方式全然不同，正如牛顿在晚年时讲述的那个故事那样，而教科书里对此却只有漫画式的描述。1665 年，牛顿 22 岁时，英格兰南部爆发瘟疫，剑桥大学因此被迫停课。于是接下来的 18 个月，牛顿便在家中度过，脱离了传

20、统的课堂学习，而此时正值他强烈渴求知识之时，用他本人的话说：“ 当时我正处于创造力的黄金时期。” 带着这种孩子气的迫切心情，一天他正坐在寡母的园子里，看到一个苹果从树上落下。至此，教科书对这个故事的描述都是正确的，我们甚至以为自己知道那个苹果是什么品种，相传它是“肯特郡之花”。然而却弄错了这个故事的关键。青年牛顿此时想到的不是苹果是受到引力作用而落到地面的，这种想法早在牛顿之前就存在了。他想到的是，到达树梢的引力也许能冲出地球和大气层，到达无边无际的宇宙。这种引力也许能到达月球，这才是牛顿的新想法；也许正是由于这种引力，月球才得以绕着地球以固定的轨道运行。牛顿当即测算了地球要吸引月球需要多大的

21、力，并将其与苹果树高度的已知引力作比较。两种力的数值一致。牛顿言简意赅地说：“我发现结果十分接近。” 然而，两者之间只是接近：相似意味着近似，没有绝对一致的相似。在牛顿的科学理论的基础上，现代科学才得以完善。【试题解析】 本文为一篇科技文，以牛顿发现万有引力为例，介绍了科学发现规律和意义的方式，具有科学性、客观性、准确性的特点，语言上不仅涉及一些基本的科技知识，同时也包含科技文特有的艺术性。翻译时，需要将科技性与艺术性相结合，在追求准确与通顺的同时，体现语言的美感。汉译英33 【正确答案】 Chinas vision of building the “Maritime and Continen

22、tal Silk Road“ has attracted more and more attention from the international community. In the autumn of 2013, Chinese president Xi Jinping visited Central Asia and Southeast Asia and successively raised the initiative of building the Silk Road Economic Belt that runs across the Eurasian continent an

23、d the initiative of building the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road linking China with the world. The second initiative puts forward the long-range plan for the construction of logistics and transportation, so as to facilitate the development of trade, investment, capital flow, tourism and personnel ex

24、change. It is hopeful that together with the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and the economic belt connecting Southwest China with Southeast Asia and the east region of South Asia (especially the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor), these visions will bring all the 60 economic entitie

25、s covered by the “New Silk Road“ closer.【试题解析】 本文属于政治经济类新闻，主要介绍了“新丝绸之路”的发展愿景，涉及一定的历史、地理与经济学知识，考生在平时的备考中要多了解这种热点新闻事件，扩充自己的知识面。34 【正确答案】 “Of the numerous immortal mountains in the land of Shu, Mount Emei stands above all. “ This admiration of Li Bai, the great poet of Chinas Tang Dynasty, remains with

26、 us even after a millennium has erased countless memories. Higher than any of the five great mountains of China, the awe-inspiring, majestic and picturesque Mount Emei is the perfect place to experience all four seasons in one day. Because of its natural beauty and Buddhist cultural heritage, Mount

27、Emei, a tourist destination and a noteworthy Buddhist mountain, was listed as one of UNESCOs World Natural and Cultural Heritage sites on Dec. 6, 1996.Hailed as “The Immortal Mountains of the Buddhas Land“ “A Botanical Garden“ “A Paradise for Wildlife“ and “A Geological Museum“, Emei, with its natur

28、al beauty, centuries-old Buddhist heritage, abundant plant and wildlife, and a unique geological landscape, has attracted endless streams of pilgrims and tourists for thousands of years.Once you come to Emei, you will want to stay.【试题解析】 本文选自峨眉山市对外宣传的城市推广文因为这座山，爱上这座城峨眉好自在，目的是吸引更多的游客到这里参观游览，主要为对峨眉山的整体介绍，其中引经据典，充满溢美之词，文字与其描述的意境皆美不胜收，翻译时要注意遣词造句，突出原文中的美感，同时也要用引人入胜的语言达到令读者想要亲自一探其究竟的效果。