[考研类试卷]管理类专业学位联考英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编2及答案与解析.doc

1、管理类专业学位联考英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编 2 及答案与解析一、Translation1 Powering the great ongoing changes of our time is the rise of human creativity as the defining feature of economic life. Creativity has come to be valued because new technologies, new industries and new wealth flow from it. And as a result, our lives an

2、d society have begun to echo with creative ideas. It is our commitment to creativity in its varied dimensions that forms the underlying spirit of our age.Creativity is essential to the way we live and work today, and in many senses always has been. The big advances in standard of living not to menti

3、on the big competitive advantages in the marketplace always have come from “better recipes, not just more cooking“. One might argue thats not strictly true. One might point out, for instance, that during the long period from the early days on the Industrial Revolution to modern times, much of the gr

4、owth in productivity and material wealth in the industrial nations came not just from creative inventions like the steam engine, but from the widespread application of “cooking in quantity“ business methods like massive division of labor, concentration of assets, vertical integration and economies o

5、f scale. But those methods themselves were creative developments.1 The smooth landing of shuttle(航天飞机)Discovery ended a flight that was successful in almost every respect but one: the dislodging of a big chunk of foam, like the one that doomed the Columbia. This flight was supposed to vault the shut

6、tle fleet back into space after a prolonged grounding for repairs. But given the repeat of the very problem that two years of retooling was supposed to resolve, the verdict is necessarily mixed.(61)Once again, the space agency has been forced to put off the flight until it can find a solution to the

7、 problem, and no one seems willing to guess how that may take.The Discovery astronauts performed superbly during their two-week mission, and the shuttle looked better than ever in some respects.(62)Space officials were justifiably happy that so much had gone well, despite daily worries over possible

8、 risks. The flight clearly achieved its prime objectives.The astronauts transferred tons of cargo to the international space station, which has been limping along overhead with a reduced crew and limited supplies carried up on smaller Russian spacecraft.(63)They replaced a broken device, repaired an

9、other and carted away a load of rubbish that had been left on the station, showing the shuttle can bring full loads back down from space.This was the most scrutinized shuttle flight ever, with the vehicle undergoing close inspection while still in orbit.(64)New sensing and photographic equipment to

10、look for potentially dangerous damage to the sensitive external skin proved valuable. A new back flip maneuver allowed station astronauts to photograph the shuttles underbelly, and an extra-long robotic arm enabled astronauts to see parts of the shuttle that were previously out of sight.(65)The floo

11、d of images and the openness in discussing its uncertainties about potential hazards sometimes, made it appear that the shuttle was about to fall apart. In the end the damage was clearly tolerable. A much-touted spacewalk to repair the shuttles skin the first of its kind moved an astronaut close eno

12、ugh to pluck out some protruding material with his hand Preliminary evidence indicates that Discovery has far fewer nicks and gouges than shuttles on previous flights, perhaps showing that improvements to reduce the shedding of debris from the external fuel tank have had some success.2 (61)3 (62)4 (

13、63)5 (64)6 (65)6 People in business can use foresight to identify new products and services, as well as markets for those products and services. An increase in minority populations in a neighborhood would prompt a grocer with foresight to stock more foods linked to ethnic tastes.(56)An art museum di

14、rector with foresight might follow trends in computer graphics to make exhibit more appealing to younger visitors.Foresight may reveal potential threats that we can prepare to deal with before they become crises.(57)For instance, a capable corporate manager might see alarming rise in local housing p

15、rice that could affect availability of skilled workers in the region. The publics changing values and priorities, as well as emerging technologies, demographic shifts, economic constraints, and environmental and resource concerns are all parts of the increasingly complex world system in which leader

16、s must lead.(58)People in government also need foresight to keep systems running smoothly, to plan budgets, and to prevent wars. Government leaders today must deal with a host of new problems emerging from rapid advances in technology.Even at the community level, foresight is critical: school offici

17、als, for example, need foresight to assess numbers of students to accommodate, numbers of teachers to hire, new educational technologies to deploy, and new skills for students to develop.(59)Many of the best known technique for foresight were developed by government planners, especially in the milit

18、ary, “thinking about the unthinkable“. Pioneering futurists at the RAND Corporation began seriously considering what new technologies might emerge in the future and how these might affect U.S. security. These pioneering futurists at RAND, along with others elsewhere, refined a variety of new ways fo

19、r thinking about the future.(60)The futurists recognized that the future world is continuous with the present world, so we can learn a great deal about what may happen in the future by looking systematically at what is happening now.7 (56)8 (57)9 (58)10 (59)11 (60)管理类专业学位联考英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编 2 答案与解析一、Tr

20、anslation1 【正确答案】 人类创造力的不断进步已经成为我们经济生活中的突出特点，正是它在推动着我们时代中正在进行的各种变化。由于许多新的技术，新兴的工业以及新的财富都源自于创造力，所以它的价值业已凸现出来。因此，各种创新的观念开始在我们的生活和社会中传播开来。正是人们在各个领域对创造力的认同才形成了我们这个时代的精神基础。创造力对我们如今的生活和工作方式是至关重要的，并在很多方面早已是这样：生活水平的重大提高更不用说在市场中的巨大的竞争优势都是来自“更好的菜谱，而不仅仅是更多的烹制品”。有人认为这并不完全正确。比如，有人指出，从工业革命早期到现代的这一漫长时期，工业化国家在生产力和物

21、质财富的很多增长不单单来自于像蒸汽机这样有创造力的发明，而来自于广泛使用“数量烹饪” 的商业方法，比如大规模的劳动分工、资产的集中、纵向整合和规模经济。但那些方法本身都是具有创造力的发展。2 【正确答案】 在找到解决问题的方案之前，航天部门被迫再次推迟飞行，似乎也没有人愿意猜测这次延期又要多久。3 【正确答案】 尽管每天都担心可能会出现险情，但是很多工作进展顺利，航天局的官员有理由感到高兴。显然，这次飞行完成了预期的任务。4 【正确答案】 他们更换了一个故障设备，修复了另一个，并且运走了遗留在空间站的垃圾，这表明航天飞机能够从太空满载货物返回。5 【正确答案】 配备在高灵敏度的外壳上用以寻找潜

22、在危险的新型传感和摄影设备被证明是有价值的。6 【正确答案】 大量的图片和对其潜在危险不确定性的公开讨论有时让人感觉好像航天飞机行将解体，但最终结果表明这种损伤尚在可控制的范围内。7 【正确答案】 有远见的艺术馆馆长应该顺应电脑图像的潮流，充分利用计算机制图的优势，使各项展出更加符合年轻人的口味。8 【正确答案】 例如，一位能干的公司经理可以看出当地房地产价格的急剧上涨会不利于这个地区吸引熟练工人前来就职。9 【正确答案】 政府官员也需要有远见来保持整个体系平稳运行、编制预算以及防止战争。10 【正确答案】 许多知名的培养远见的技巧是由政府决策者开发的，尤其在军队中，“要敢于去想不可想象的事” 就是一例。11 【正确答案】 未来学家意识到未来世界是与现实世界延续的，因而通过系统地观察现有世界中发生的事情，就可以在很大程度上预测到未来将要发生的事情。