[考研类试卷]考研英语（二）模拟试卷42及答案与解析.doc

1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 42 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Large lecture classes are frequently regarded as a necessary evil. Such classes【C1 】 _be offered in many colleges and universities

2、to meet high student【C2】_with limited faculty resource, 【 C3】_teaching a large lecture class can be a【C4】 _task. Lecture halls are【C5】_large, barren, and forbidding. It is difficult to get to know students. Students may seem bored in the【C6】_environment and may【C7】_read newspapers or even leave clas

3、s in the middle of a lecture. Written work by the students seems out of the【C8】_.Although the challenges of teaching a large lecture class are【C9】_. they are not insurmountable. The solution is to develop【C10】 _methods of classroom instruction that can reduce, if not【C11】_. many of the difficulties【

4、C12】_in the mass class. In fact, we have【C13】_at Kent State University teaching techniques which help make a large lecture class more like a small【C14】_.An【C15】_but important benefit of teaching the course【C16】_this manner has involved the activities of the teaching assistants who help us mark stude

5、nts written work. The faculty instructor originally decided to ask the teaching assistants for help【C17】_this was the only practical way to【C18】_that all the papers could be evaluated. Now those【C19】_report enjoying their new status as “junior professors“, gaining a very different【C20】_on college ed

6、ucation by being on the other side of the desk, learning a great deal about the subject matter, and improving their own writing as a direct result of grading other students papers.1 【C1 】（A）should（B） will（C） can（D）have to2 【C2 】（A）request（B） demand（C） challenge（D）requirement3 【C3 】（A）and（B） but（C） a

7、lthough（D）unless4 【C4 】（A）competitive（B） rewarding（C） routine（D）troublesome5 【C5 】（A）spaciously（B） exceptionally（C） typically（D）unusually6 【C6 】（A）unconscious（B） impatient（C） unaware（D）impersonal7 【C7 】（A）frequently（B） delightedly（C） inevitably（D）unexpectedly8 【C8 】（A）problem（B） solution（C） question

8、（D）answer9 【C9 】（A）tiny（B） potential（C） fundamental（D）substantial10 【C10 】（A）personal（B） innovative（C） initiative（D）persuasive11 【C11 】（A）increase（B） accumulate（C） eliminate（D）diminish12 【C12 】（A）inherent（B） inherited（C） injected（D）integrated13 【C13 】（A）introduced（B） inserted（C） modified（D）revised14

9、 【C14 】（A）conference（B） assembly（C） seminar（D）course15 【C15 】（A）incredible（B） obscure（C） unanticipated（D）inspiring16 【C16 】（A）at（B） through（C） by（D）in17 【C17 】（A）so that（B） although（C） when（D）because18 【C18 】（A）ensure（B） assure（C） secure（D）certify19 【C19 】（A）new teachers（B） senior students（C） associ

10、ate professors（D）part-time professionals20 【C20 】（A）inspiration（B） expectation（C） stimulation（D）perspectivePart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 For the first time, stem cells purified from fat have been used to

11、heal an injury in a living animal. Michael Longaker of Stanford University in California and his team showed in mouse experiments that so-called adipose derived adult stromal(ADAS)cells purified from a rodents belly fat could be coaxed to heal a skull fracture too large to mend by itself.The power o

12、f ADAS cells to transform into bone, cartilage and even neurons has been studied for years in test tubes. But Jeffrey Gimble, who studies human ADAS cells at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge says Longakers report is an important step forward. “Actually repairing a defect in an animal model

13、had never been done. This is an excellent study.“ If the same technique works in humans, these cells could be coaxed to mend broken bones and correct other defects in tens of thousands of surgical procedures each year in which bone grafts and prosthetics are now necessary.Longakers group tested the

14、ability of ADAS cells to heal four-millimetre-long fractures surgically-induced in the skulls of mice. In 12 weeks, the cells filled 70 to 90 per cent of the defects, while untreated animals had only unorganized bone formation in less than 10 per cent of the fractures. No extreme genetic manipulatio

15、n or treatment of the cells was necessary. ADAS cells began manufacturing bone when they were simply laid onto a biodegradable polymer that contained apatite, a compound that naturally occurs in bone. Furthermore, the ADAS cells performed as well as bone marrow stromal cells, which would seem to be

16、more natural architects of bone. It remains to be seen whether human ADAS cells will build bone as effectively. But researchers are excited about the prospects. Human bone marrow stromal cells are already being used in clinical trials as sources of skeleton-building material, but the ADAS cells may

17、have some significant advantages.Longaker reports that ADAS cells grow seven times faster than the bone marrow cells in the laboratory. And it is relatively easy to harvest more than a litre of fat tissue, even from patients who are not obese. Bone marrow is much less plentiful and must be removed i

18、n a painful surgical procedure. Of course, liposuction itself is not a pleasant operation. But according to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, more than 300,000 people volunteered to have the procedure in 2003 simply for cosmetic reasons. “If the procedure was the first step to healing broken

19、 bones or replacing other tissue its popularity could only grow,“ says Gimble. “Just think of that.“21 Gimble speaks highly of Longaker in that_.（A）his work made an unprecedented achievement in the field（B） he proved that ADAS cells contributed a lot to cell therapy（C） his work paved way for ADAS ce

20、ll application in clinical trials（D）he cured an animal defect that had never been repaired before22 As to ADAS cells, which of the following is NOT localized in laboratory?（A）They are easy to operate.（B） Their abstraction causes no pains.（C） They grow fast.（D）Their yields are large.23 We can infer f

21、rom Paragraph 3 that_.（A）ADAS cells are efficient in clinical application（B） ADAS cells act as naturally as marrow cells（C） ADAS cells can build bone formation orderly（D）ADAS cells therapy will replace genetic treatment24 According to Gimble, liposuction will probably be used for_.（A）losing weight（B

22、） keeping fit（C） abstracting ADAS cells（D）transplanting organ25 The best title for the passage might be_.（A）Bright Future of ADAS Cells（B） A Potential Repairing Technique（C） Advantaged ADAS Cells（D）Application of ADAS Cells25 In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to

23、 be taken for granted as a means of solving differences, that it is not even questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides, w

24、ho would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violence as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progre

25、ss at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instinct remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded history of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but

26、makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed, the suffering means nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and harder to get

27、 a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement. If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at impro

28、ving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution. Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake. In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable

29、 social program. The benefits that can be derived from constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us. Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law.Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the

30、 races, we must appreciate each others problems. And to do this, we must learn about them: it is a simple exercise in communication, in exchanging information. “Talk, talk, talk,“ the advocates of violence say, “all you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser.“ Its rather like the story of the fa

31、mous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge. After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser. “Possibly, my Lord,“ the barrister replied, “none the wiser, but surely far better informed.“ Knowledge is the necessary prere

32、quisite to wisdom: the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pretends to solve.26 What is the best title for this passage?（A）Advocating Violence.（B） Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice.（C） Important People on Both Sides See Violence As a Legitimate Solution.（D）The Instincts of

33、Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence.27 According to the passage, recorded history has taught us_.（A）violence never solves anything（B） nothing（C） the bloodshed means nothing（D）everything28 It can be inferred that truly reasonable men_.（A）cant get a hearing（B） are looked down upon（C） are persecuted（D）

34、have difficulty in advocating law enforcement29 The sentence “He was none the wiser“(Paragraph 3)probably means_.（A）he was not at all wise in listening（B） he was not at all wiser than nothing before（C） he gains nothing after listening（D）he makes no sense of the argument30 According to the author the

35、 best way to solve race prejudice is_.（A）law enforcement（B） knowledge（C） nonviolence（D）mopping up the violent mess30 When it comes to the economy, pessimism is in and good old American optimism is out. From the headlines in the newspapers to the coffee shop chatter, it seems that there is little goo

36、d to say about the economy. Bad enough that the news about Iraq, winter storms and the escalation of terror alerts continue to keep people on edge. Reports of state budget deficits and threats of major cutbacks in services such as education, health care and police also make people nervous.The latest

37、 USA Today/CNN/Gallup Poll reflects the new pessimism. Asked early this past week how they would rate economic conditions in the country today, just one in three 34% said they consider it good. Thats down 10 percentage points from December, when 44% rated the economy good and 20 points lower than Se

38、ptember when 54% said they thought economic conditions were good. Moreover, when asked to look ahead a year from now, those people willing to say things will get better are also dwindling in numbers. A thin majority of 55% said they expected economic conditions to be better by this time next year. N

39、ot bad on the surface. But looking back just two months to December, 65% or two of three believed that things would improve in a year. And going back six months to September, 71% expressed optimism for economic improvement.So the seeds of discontent are out there and they could set off a political f

40、irestorm for President Bush if economic conditions dont start getting better soon. Or more importantly, if the American people dont start feeling better soon. Regardless of what the statistics say about how good the economy might be getting, the American people have to feel it. And often, feelings l

41、ag behind numbers. Indeed, most people believe that the economy is in recession. Statistically it is not. Case in point: On Friday, the U.S. Commerce Department reported that the economy grew at a 1.4% rate in the final quarter of last year twice as fast as the government first estimated. Major fact

42、ors in the upward revision in the gross domestic product were stronger investment by businesses in building up stockpiles of unsold goods and a slight boost to consumer spending, the main force keeping the economy going.But while that report is interesting, and perhaps a source of hope that things a

43、rent as bad as they seem, more tangible examples of economic improvement are needed solid gains in the stock market, rehiring by plants that have been laying off workers, new business expansion.The USA Today poll further shows that nervousness about Iraq and a still-sluggish economy are taking a pol

44、itical toll on Bush: His job approval rating is 57%, his lowest since before the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks. Surely, what happens with Iraq will be a major factor in the presidents political fortunes next year, but if people continue to be pessimistic about the economy when Bush is in the midst of r

45、unning for a second term, it will be difficult to be optimistic about his chances of winning.31 The phrase “keep people on edge“(paragraph 1)probably means to_.（A）upset people（B） keep people alert（C） disappoint people（D）make people pessimistic32 Statistics from the poll indicate_.（A）a downward turn

46、in the economic conditions（B） the great impact of bad news on economic situation（C） a dwindling confidence in the economic prospects（D）how Americans have lost their traditional optimism33 Which of the following is true about the present economic situation?（A）The economy is in disappointing recession

47、.（B） The situation has taken a turn for the better.（C） Consumer spending is low and goods cannot be sold.（D）The statistics have not reflected the true picture of the situation.34 Which of the following may serve as a sign for economic improvement?（A）Strong consumer spending.（B） Lower unemployment ra

48、tes.（C） The fluctuation of the stocks.（D）Increased investment in the building industry.35 The best title for the passage might be_.（A）Pessimism Reigns as the Economy Continues to Limp Along（B） Bushs Economic Policies Are Ruining His Opportunity for a Second Term（C） The Economic Recession Is Bringing

49、 Down Bushs Job Approval Rating（D）The Old American Optimism Reigns Even When Economy Is in Recession35 The questioning of the role of the public gallery is not a new phenomenon. It is something that has been argued over since its very conception, and the debate is ongoing.“Museum“ and “gallery“ are interchangeable words to describe any building used to exhibit objects of historic or artistic interest. M