[考研类试卷]考研英语（二）模拟试卷6及答案与解析.doc

1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 6 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Before the 20th century the horse provided day to day transportation in the United States. Trains were used only for long-distance t

2、ransportation.Today the car is the most popular【C1 】_of transportation in all of the United States. It has completely【C2】_the horse as a means of everyday transportation. Americans use their car for【C3】_90 percent of all personal【C4】_.Most Americans are able to【C5】_cars. The average price of a【C6】_m

3、ade car was, $ 500 in 1950, $ 740 in 1960 and up【C7】_$ 750 in 1975. During this period American car manufacturers set about【C8】_their products and work efficiency.Meanwhile, the yearly income of the【C9】_family increased from 1950 to 1975【C10 】_than the price of cars. For this reason, 【C11】_a new car

4、 takes a smaller【C12】_of a familys total earnings today.In 1951【C13】_it took 8.1 months of an average familys 【C14】_to buy a new car. In 1962, a new car【C15 】_8. 3 months of a familys annual earnings. By 1975 it only took 4. 75【C16】_income. In addition, the 1975 cars were technically【C17】_to models

5、from previous years.The【C18 】_of the automobile extends throughout the economy【C19】_the car is so important to Americans. Americans spend more money【C20】_their cars running than on any other item.1 【C1 】（A）kind（B） means（C） mean（D）types2 【C2 】（A）denied（B） reproduced（C） replaced（D）ridiculed3 【C3 】（A）h

6、ardly（B） nearly（C） certainly（D）somehow4 【C4 】（A）trip（B） works（C） business（D）travel5 【C5 】（A）buy（B） sell（C） race（D）see6 【C6 】（A）quickly（B） regularly（C） rapidly（D）recently7 【C7 】（A）on（B） to（C） in（D）about8 【C8 】（A）raising（B） making（C） reducing（D）improving9 【C9 】（A）unusual（B） interested（C） average（D）big

7、10 【C10 】（A）slowest（B） equal（C） faster（D）less11 【C11 】（A）bringing（B） obtaining（C） having（D）purchasing12 【C12 】（A）part（B） half（C） number（D）side13 【C13 】（A）clearly（B） proportionally（C） obviously（D）suddenly14 【C14 】（A）income（B） work（C） plants（D）debts15 【C15 】（A）used（B） spent（C） cost（D）needed16 【C16 】（A

8、）months（B） dollar（C） family（D）year17 【C17 】（A）famous（B） quick（C） superior（D）inferior18 【C18 】（A）running（B） notice（C） influence（D）discussion19 【C19 】（A）then（B） so（C） as（D）which20 【C20 】（A）starting（B） leaving（C） keeping（D）repairingPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions b

9、elow each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 New ice core samples taken from the centre of the Greenland ice-sheet have given a detailed record of the last “interglacial period(间冰期)“ which range from about 135,000 to 115,000 years ago. The cores, taken from a depth of 2,780 to 2,870 metres

10、, show that during this period the climate oscillated(摆动) between three stages instead of remaining in one, as in the whole of recorded human history. The middle stage was like our own, but the others were either much colder or warmer.Worse, it seems that the climate flipped from one condition to an

11、other very rapidly. “It apparently took very little time, perhaps less than a decade or two, to shift between the stages,“ Dr. J. CW. White of the Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research at the University of Colorado wrote earlier this year in the scientific journal, Nature-. “We humans have built a

12、 remarkable socio-economic system during perhaps the only time when it could be built, when the climate was stable enough to let us develop the agricultural infrastructure (基础设施)required to maintain an advanced society. “We do not know why we have been so blessed. But if the Earth had an operating m

13、anual, the chapter on climate might begin with a warning that the system has been adjusted at the factory for optimum comfortso dont touch the dials.Unfortunately, we have been “twiddling the knobs(旋钮)“ for decades. In December 1995 the official Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change (IPCC), whi

14、ch represents the work of 2, 000 top meteorologists from around the world, concluded that global warming due to human activities is probably already taking place. Global warming sounds deceptively favorable to inhabitants of countries which currently experience harsh winters. In fact, with global wa

15、rming, the world would struggle to cope with the effects of even a steady, gradual warming. This was spelt out to members of the British Royal Society by Sir John Houghton, chairman both of Britains Royal Commission of Environmental Pollution and of one of the main IPCC working groups. Houghton put

16、forward the IPCC picture of seas flooding much of Egypt, Southern China and Bangladesh, making “many millions“ of people homeless of hordes of “environmental refugees“ and of wars breaking out over dwindling (becoming gradually smaller) fresh water supplies, as world rainfall patterns changed.There

17、is at least a chance that the world could adapt to steady warming if it happened slowly enough. However, many scientists, believe that even this prediction from the IPCC is too cautious.21 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?（A）The climate in recorded human history has genera

18、lly remained stable.（B） The climate from about 135,000 to 115,000 years ago was in an extremely cold state.（C） The human race has been lucky to have enjoyed the most favorable period Of climate for them to build a socio-economic system.（D）The evidences scientists collected from the ice cores suggest

19、 that a civilization cannot have arisen in the period from about 135,000 to 115,000 years ago.22 According to the passage, the sentence “But if the Earth for optimum comfort“ (in the 3rd paragraph) means_.（A）there is an unseen hand controlling the earths movement（B） there is an operating manual warn

20、ing people against air-conditioning in the factory（C） people should prepare operating manuals to tell workers how to get greater comfort（D）people have been enjoying the most comfortable climate in Earths history23 What does “we have been twiddling the knobs for decades“ mean?（A）We have been changing

21、 the climate with thoughtless actions for decades.（B） We have been handling machines with poor skills for decades.（C） We have been following a misleading chapter about the earth for decades.（D）We have been mistaken in the belief in developing the agricultural infrastructure.24 It can be inferred fro

22、m the passage that global warming is_.（A）harmful（B） irrelevant（C） favorable（D）desirable25 According to the author, IPCC pictures put forward by Houghton shows_.（A）effects of global warming（B） causes of global warming（C） examples of human damage to the environment（D）instances of natural disasters thr

23、eatening human existence25 Is it any wonder that America is also a country of dangerously overweight people?According to a recent study by the National Center for Health Statistics, the number of adults characterized as overweight in the United States has jumped to an astonishing one-third of the po

24、pulation. Overweight in this case means being about 20 percent or more above a persons desirable weight. Since the figures for “desirable weight“ have moved upward over the last decade or so, total poundageeven at 20 percent overmay be considerable.So are the attendant health risks. Excess weight ha

25、s been linked to cardiovascular disease, hypertension, adult-onset diabetes and some forms of cancer, among other diseases.Once, when work and school and the grocery store were a two-mile hike away, Americans could afford the calories they consume. But not now, not when millions spend four or five h

26、ours a day in front of a TV setalong with a bag of chips, a bowl of buttered popcorn and a six-packand theres a car or two in every driveway.“There is no commitment to obesity (肥胖) as a public health problem,“ said Dr. William Dietz, director of clinical nutrition at the New England Medical Center i

27、n Boston. “Weve ignored it, and blamed it on gluttony and sloth. “If one definition of a public health problem is its cost to the nation, then obesity qualifies. According to a study done by Dr. Graham a Colditz, who teaches at Harvard Medical School, it cost America an estimated $68. 8 billion in 1

28、990. But whats wrong blaming it on gluttony and sloth? True, some unfortunate overweight people have an underlying physical or genetic problem. But for most Americans, the problem is with two of the seven deadly sins.Losing weight is a desperately difficult business. Preventing gain, however, is not

29、. Consumer information is everywhere, and there can be few adults who truly believe that hot dogs, fries, a soda and a couple of Twinkies make a good lunch. But they eat them anyway.As more and more Americans became educated to the risks of smoking, more and more Americans gave up the habit. Now it

30、appears that Americans need an intensive education in the risks of stuffing themselves and failing to exercise as well.Given the seductiveness of chocolate and cheese, the couch and the car, that habit will be hard to break. But if an ounce of prevention can obviate a pound of fat, it is well worth

31、the struggle.26 The author sets up the standard of overweight people based on the fact that（A）the number of overweight people has astonishingly increased（B） people have a different idea about their desirable weight now（C） overweight becomes a threat to peoples health（D）the overweight problem has lon

32、g been studied27 By saying “So are the attendant health risks“(Line 1, Para. 3) , the author means（A）America suffers health risks as well as the overweight problem（B） health risks resulted from overweight are serious too（C） overweight is classified as one of the health problems（D）people have also pa

33、y much attention to the possible health risks28 What does William Dietz think of overweight?（A）Overweight should be treated as a public health problem.（B） Overweight should be attributed to gluttony and sloth.（C） Overweight has much to do with nutritional problems.（D）Overweight has nothing to do wit

34、h the overuse of cars.29 Most Americans believe that_.（A）the overweight problem has cost the nation much（B） obesity is related to ones physical conditions（C） people who are overweight are unfortunate（D）gluttony and sloth are two deadly sins30 In order to solve the overweight problem, the author sugg

35、ests that everyone need to_.（A）be taught to prevent gaining weight（B） be educated to lose weight effectively（C） seek help from consumer information（D）know what makes a healthy dinner30 Talk to any parent of a student who took an adventurous gap year (a year between school and university when some st

36、udents earn money, travel, etc) and a misty look will come into their eyes. There are some disasters and even the most motivated, organized gap student does require family back-up, financial, emotional and physical. The parental mistiness is not just about the brilliant experience that has matured t

37、heir kids; it is vicarious living. We all wish pre-university gap years had been the fashion in our day. We can see how much tougher our kids become; how much more prepared to benefit from university or to decide positively that they are going to do something other than a degree.Gap years are fashio

38、nable, as is reflected in the huge growth in the number of charities and private companies offering them. Pictures of Prince William toiling in Chile have helped, but the trend has been gathering steam for a decade. The range of gap packages starts with backpacking, and includes working with chariti

39、es, building hospitals and schools and, very commonly, working as a language assistant, teaching English. With this trend, however, comes a danger. Once parents feel that a well-structured year is essential to their would-be undergraduates progress to a better university, a good degree, an impressiv

40、e CV and well-paid employment, as the gap companies blurbs(产品推介)suggest it rnight be, then parents will start organizing and paying for the gaps. Where there are disasters, according to Richard Oliver, director of the gap companies umbrella organization, the Year Out Group, it is usually because of

41、poor planning. That can be the fault of the company or of the student, he says, but the best insurance is thoughtful preparation. “When people get it wrong, it is usually medical or, especially among girls, it is that they have not been away from home before or because expectation does not match rea

42、lity. “The point of a gap year is that it should be the time when the school leaver gets to do the thing that he or she fancies. The 18-year-old, who was dispatched by his parents at two weeks notice to Canada to learn to be a snowboarding instructor at a cost of 5,800, probably came back with littl

43、e more than a hangover. The 18-year-old on the same package who worked for his fare and spent the rest of his year instructing in resorts from New Zealand to Switzerland, and came back to apply for university, is the positive counterbalance.31 It can be inferred from the first paragraph that parents

44、 of gap students may（A）help children to be prepared for disasters（B） receive all kinds of support from their children（C） have rich experience in bringing up their offspring（D）experience watching children grow up32 According to the Para. 2, when it comes to gap years, _.（A）the popularity of gap years

45、 results from an increasing number of charities（B） Prince William was working hard during his gap year（C） gap years are not as fashionable as they were ten years ago（D）a well-structured gap year is a guarantee of university success33 The word “packages“ (Line 3,Para. 2) means_.（A）parcels carried in

46、traveling（B） a comprehensive set of activities（C） something presented in a particular way（D）charity actions34 What can cause the disasters of gap years?（A）Intervention of parents.（B） Careful planning.（C） Good health.（D）Realistic expectation.35 An 18-year-old is believed to take a meaningful gap year

47、 when he/she_.（A）lives up to his/her parents expectations（B） spends time being lazy and doing nothing（C） learns skills by spending parents money（D）earns his/her living and gains working experience 35 Take the case of public education alone. The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the

48、tremendous increase in the number of pupils. This has been caused by the advance of the legal age for going into industry and the impossibility of finding a job even when the legal age has been reached. In view of the technological improvements in the last few years, business will require in the fut

49、ure proportionately fewer workers than ever before. The result will be still further raising of the legal age for going into employment, and still further difficulty in finding employment when that age has been attained. If we cannot put our children to work, we must put them in school.We may also be quite confident that the present trend toward a shorter day and a shorter week will be maintained. We have developed