[考研类试卷]考研英语（二）模拟试卷96及答案与解析.doc

1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 96 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 For years, French, Italian and American luxury brands have【C1】_ as China s middle class developed a(n) 【C2】_ for high-end fashion a

2、nd jewelry. But that sales boom is【C3】_ based on the disappointing results many Western luxury retailers have reported of late, 【C4】_ much suggests this slowdown will be【C5】_ .French luxury brand Hermes said watch sales fell 11% in large【C6】_ because of China, and the company is expecting overall gr

3、owth this year to remain【C7】_ compared to recent averages. Meanwhile, Prada said it expects the tough times for luxury to continue after its China sales fell 4% in 2014.【C8 】_, Hermes, known for its highly coveted Birkin bags and horse-themed silk scarves that go for thousands of dollars each, has c

4、ontinued to 【C9】_ its stores in China. Why? Because there is【C10 】_ data to suggest that luxury s current slowdown in China is【C11】_ a speed bump. According to a new report by the Economic Intelligence Unit【C12】_ by Citigroup, China s wealthy will have double the【C13】_ of their U.S counterpart withi

5、n five years. That means a lot of people will be wanting to shop at Prada and Gucci and buying expensive Estee Lauder beauty products. And such companies are happy to【C14】_.Fashion company Michael Kors which is just getting started with its China expansion, recently said sales there are “starting to

6、【C15】_.“ Kors main competitor Coach, which plans several new stores in China, saw its sales there rise 13% in its most recent quarter. Tiffany is full【C16】_ ahead with its China expansion【C17】_ disappointing numbers over the holidays at its Hong Kong stores, a favorite haunt of mainland customers. S

7、o its clear that any Chinese slowdown is seen by luxury and retail executives as a temporary change.“Chinas prestige beauty growth remains at high single digits, and we see【 C18】_ opportunities to enter additional cities, doors and【C19 】_, and【C20】_ more brands,“ Estee Lauder CEO said last month.1 【

8、C1 】（A）thrived（B） appeared（C） risen（D）started2 【C2 】（A）view（B） appetite（C） taste（D）bias3 【C3 】（A）advancing（B） ebbing（C） flowing（D）ascending4 【C4 】（A）as（B） because（C） though（D）however5 【C5 】（A）far-reaching（B） complex（C） lasting（D）short-lived6 【C6 】（A）extent（B） part（C） degree（D）volume7 【C7 】（A）slow（B）

9、 fluctuant（C） better（D）calm8 【C8 】（A）On the whole（B） As a rule（C） As a consequence（D）At the same time9 【C9 】（A）prolong（B） expand（C） spread（D）renew10 【C10 】（A）efficient（B） spacious（C） ample（D）additional11 【C11 】（A）even（B） mainly（C） but（D）never12 【C12 】（A）sponsored（B） donated（C） assisted（D）sustained13

10、 【C13 】（A）goods（B） assets（C） estates（D）resources14 【C14 】（A）welcome（B） oblige（C） greet（D）receive15 【C15 】（A）take place（B） take up（C） take action（D）take hold16 【C16 】（A）opportunity（B） blossom（C） effort（D）steam17 【C17 】（A）regarding（B） though（C） despite（D）now that18 【C18 】（A）widespread（B） little（C） no（

11、D）much19 【C19 】（A）channels（B） straits（C） vessels（D）passages20 【C20 】（A）release（B） announce（C） notice（D）launchPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 “Project gold“ and “Project Nexus“ sound like plans for bank robb

12、eries of military attacks. In reality, they are the names for KPMGs ongoing attempt to squeeze its 6,700 London employees into ever smaller spaces. Since 2006 the professional-services firm has reduced the number of offices it uses in London from seven to two; By the spring of 2015 everybody will be

13、 crammed into one building in CanaryWharf.Firms have long known that only about half of all desks are in use at any moment, as employees work odd hours or disappear to meetings, but it was difficult to fill the spares. Better IT systems now mean that people need not be tied to a particular desk. The

14、y need not even be in the office at all: as cloud computing and virtual offices take off, more people are working from home or from other places, further reducing the need for desks.Aside from cheapness, there is a motive behind this squashing. Inspired by Silicon Valley, firms are trying to make th

15、eir offices into “collaborative spaces“, where people bump into each other and chat usefully. KPMGs redesigned CanaryWharf offices will include lots of “breakout spaces“ where employees can relax, and quiet rooms Where people can get away from hubbub, says AlastairYoung, who is planning the move. He

16、 thinks this will both improve productivity and save money.In this happy new world, offices are not just places to work but also a way of expressing corporate identity and a means of attracting and retaining staff. At the offices of Bain the crowds have also put pressure on the air-conditioning syst

17、em.21 It can be known that “Project gold“ is a plan for_.（A）bank robberies（B） military attacks（C） squeezing employees（D）squeezing working spaces22 Better IT systems mean that workers .（A）are tied to a particular desk（B） are in the office all the day（C） can work at home（D）need more desks23 All of the

18、 following are forms of new offices behind the squashing EXCEPT_.（A）noisy spaces（B） collaborative spaces（C） breakout spaces（D）quiet rooms24 Office in this happy new world is_.（A）just a place to work（B） a place to attract new workers（C） a place with little corporate identity（D）a place to increase pre

19、ssure25 The examples of Broadcasting House and KPMG are used to explain that_.（A）morning scrambles are in all the places（B） all the offices need to be redesigned（C） not everyone is satisfied with the increasing cramped hot desks（D）companies need to reduce the number of employees25 Institutions of hi

20、gher learning must move, as the historian Walter Russell Mead puts it, from a model of “time served“ to a model of “stuff learned.“ Because increasingly the world does not care what you know. Everything is on Google. The world only cares, and will only pay for, what you can do with what you know. An

21、d therefore it will not pay for a C-plus in chemistry, just because your state college considers that a passing grade and was willing to give you a diploma. We re moving to a more competency-based world, where there will be less interest in how you acquired the competency and more demand to prove th

22、at you mastered the competency.Therefore, we have to get beyond the current system of information and deliverythe professorial “sage on the stage“ and students taking notes, followed by a superficial assessment, to one in which students are asked and empowered to master more basic material online at

23、 their own pace, and the classroom becomes a place where the application of that knowledge can be honed through lab experiments and discussions with the professor.There seemed to be a strong consensus that this “blended model“ combining online lectures with a teacher-led classroom experience was the

24、 ideal. Last fall, San Jose State used the online lectures and interactive exercises of MITs introductory online Circuits and Electronics course. Students would watch the MIT lectures and do the exercises at home. Then in class, the first 15 minutes were reserved for questions and answers with the S

25、an Jose State professor, and the last 45 were devoted to problem-solving and discussion. Preliminary numbers indicate that those passing the class went from nearly 60 percent to about 90 percent.We demand that plumbers and kindergarten teachers be certified to do what they do, but there is no requir

26、ement that college professors know how to teach. No more. The world of MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses) is creating a competition that will force every professor to improve his or her pedagogy or face an online competitor.Bottom line: There is still huge value in the residential college experienc

27、e and the teacher-student and student-student interactions it facilitates. But to thrive, universities will have to nurture even more of those unique experiences while blending in technology to improve education outcomes in measurable ways at lower costs. We still need more research on what works, b

28、ut standing still is not an option.26 Institutions of higher learning must shift models because the world cares_.（A）the knowledge you have acquired in the college（B） the time you put into study and action（C） the way you master the learning ability（D）the things you can handle with your knowledge27 Wh

29、ich of the following does the current system of information and delivery in higher education NOT include?（A）Students write down the key points.（B） Professors give online lectures.（C） A simple assessment about teaching is made.（D）Professors give lectures in the front of classroom.28 According to Para

30、graph 3, we can learn that online lectures in San Jose State last fall_.（A）took an hour for each lecture（B） were followed by classroom experiences（C） surpassed classroom experiences in teaching effect（D）were the first step to get a degree in Circuits and Electronics course29 What does the author mea

31、n by “No more“ in Paragraph 4?（A）College professors are forced to improve his pedagogy.（B） There is no competition among college students.（C） Teaching capacity of college professors can be assessed.（D）There is no need for plumbers and kindergarten teachers to obtain certification.30 The most appropr

32、iate title for this text would be_.（A）Future of Education is in Online Learning（B） Colleges Teachers Should Take a Back Seat（C） We Should Move the Research on Education forward（D）Information Technology Promote Students Learning30 Scientists have long argued over the relative contributions of practic

33、e and native talent to the development of elite performance. This debate swings back and forth every century, it seems, but a paper in the current issue of the journal Psychological Science illustrates where the discussion now stands and hintsmore tantalizingly, for people who just want to do their

34、bestat where the research will go next.The value-of-practice debate has reached a stalemate. In a landmark 1993 study of musicians, a research team led by K. Anders Ericsson found that practice time explained almost all the difference (about 80 percent) between elite performers and committed amateur

35、s. The finding rippled quickly through the popular culture, perhaps most visibly as the apparent inspiration for the “10,000-hour rule“ in Malcolm Gladwells best-selling “Outliers“ a rough average of the amount of practice time required for expert performance.The new paper, the most comprehensive re

36、view of relevant research to date, comes to a different conclusion. Compiling results from 88 studies across a wide range of skills, it estimates that practice time explains about 20 percent to 25 percent of the difference in performance in music, sports and games like chess. In academics, the numbe

37、r is much lower4 percentin part because its hard to assess the effect of previous knowledge, the authors wrote.One of those people, Dr. Ericsson, had by last week already written his critique of the new review. He points out that the paper uses a definition of practice that includes a variety of rel

38、ated activities, including playing music or sports for fun or playing in a group. But his own studies focused on what he calls deliberate practice: one-on-one lessons in which an instructor pushes a student continually, gives immediate feedback and focuses on weak spots. “If you throw all these kind

39、s of practice into one big soup, of course you are going to reduce the effect of deliberate practice,“ he said in a telephone interview.Zach Hambrick, a co-author of the paper of the journal Psychological Science, said that using Dr. Ericsson s definition of practice would not change the results muc

40、h, if at all, and partisans on both sides have staked out positions. Like most branches of the nature-nurture debate, this one has produced multiple camps, whose estimates of the effects of practice vary by as much as 50 percentage points.31 The paper published in Psychological Science introduces_.（

41、A）why the debate swings back and forth for a long time（B） what the current situation of the discussion is（C） where the people who just want to do their best are standing（D）what the significance of the debate is32 According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true?（A）There is a new move in the

42、value-of-practice debate.（B） The difference between elite performers and committed amateurs has nothing to do with practice time.（C） Malcolm Gladwell is enlightened by the finding of K. Anders Ericsson.（D）Everyone can become an expert by 10,000-hour practise.33 The practice time accounts for lower p

43、ercent in academical performance partly because_.（A）the new paper makes the most comprehensive review（B） the new paper includes 88 studies across a wide range of skills（C） its difficult to predict the effect of the practice time（D）it s difficult to evaluate the effect of existing knowledge34 In his

44、critique of the new review, Dr. Ericsson notes that_.（A）the definition of practice used in the paper contains various related activities（B） the study focuses, on the definition of practice（C） the instructor should give immediate feedback to students（D）the mistake of the study is obvious35 What is th

45、e author s attitude towards the practice-nature debate?（A）Disinterested.（B） Objective.（C） Critical.（D）Unconcerned.35 If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help

46、 to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries;

47、 alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by

48、St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomp

49、s over to a table by himself. “Who is that?“ the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, thats God,“ came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks hes a doctor.“If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and itll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairmans notori