[考研类试卷]考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷363及答案与解析.doc

1、考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷 363 及答案与解析Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)0 Our life, from the very beginning, to our destiny, has already been fated. We are all given a spiritual soul in our mothers womb and a physical body to

2、experience the journey to our destiny. Our fate is controlled by our parents until we are of age to exert upon our own journey in life. Coincidences are controlled by fate, in a sense, that we never know what is going to really happen in our future. The path to our destiny is fated by quite a few co

3、incidences to guide us in the right direction. Sometimes we miss the cues by not paying enough attention to the signs.As we are learning from our mistakes, we may briefly start down the wrong path sometimes due to free will and wrong choices we make. This does not mean we wont find our way back to o

4、ur destined path, because life coincidences will align you once again by corresponding with what is fated for you eventually. We may never know the timing of these events, or actually what is in store for us, but we can be sure of whatever our fate is to be, coincidences will keep us accountable and

5、 humble our resistance without us even knowing sometimes. A combination of coincidence and fate is insight into an unknown realm. We can t predict when something is going to happen to us, but little coincidences may lead you to clues about yourself to prevent any more harm to you or your body. A fre

6、ak minor accident at work takes you to the emergency room, they find something else wrong with you that with corrective medication, it s treatable. Is this coincidence It would seem like it, would it? This combination of coincidence and fate can be described as you dont know what your fate would hav

7、e been if you hadnt had the accident and gone to the hospital. What a coincidence!Things do happen to us for a reason! We dont always understand why some things seem bad, or some things turn out for the good, but they are fated to be the way they are. If we can be patient, maintain grace through our

8、 hardships, loss, and difficulties, our journey to our destination will be rewarded. Its extraordinary that a mere coincidence can change the course of our lives by a fated chance or opportunity. Subtle forces are always guiding us to our true destiny. Pay close attention.1 The word “destiny“ used i

9、n paragraph 1 refers to_.（A）a sequence of inevitable minor events（B） the path one chooses throughout his life（C） the moment when ones number comes up（D）the flowering of a romance between lovers2 We learn from paragraph 2 that_.（A）fate is only the result of ones actions in life（B） the path throughout

10、 ones life is predetermined（C） everyone makes choices free from constraints（D）many coincidences spontaneously occur in life3 The author argues that coincidences_.（A）are immune to our free will and the choices we make（B） are events which will definitely occur sooner or later（C） usually happen to us s

11、imultaneously and unexpectedly（D）guide us in the right direction and keep us in destined path4 By citing “a freak minor accident at work“, the author intends to show that coincidences_.（A）are related to ones fate（B） and fate are inseparable（C） lead to a series of events（D）prevent more harm on you5 T

12、he author advises us to pay attention to_.（A）any random accident（B） any unexpected event（C） the impact of fate on us（D）minor coincidences in life5 Two nuclear missile submarinesone British, one Frencharmed with a likely total of well more than 100 thermonuclear warheads collided under the Atlantic O

13、cean earlier this month. Its a terrifying reminder of how many of these hugely destructive weapons are still routinely deployed and how little thought is given to keeping them as safe and secure as possible. Two decades after the end of the cold war, all of the nuclear powers have been inexcusably n

14、egligent about rethinking nuclear strategies, sharply reducing arsenals and eliminating needlessly risky practices, including some that contributed to this months collision. Fortunately, the damage to the submarines was minor, and the warheads were not compromised. British and French missiles, like

15、those of the United States, are protected against accidental launch or detonation of their warheads. But a stronger impact could have sent both subs and their crews to the bottom and possibly dispersed plutonium into surrounding waters. The warheads on the two submarines that collided could, if ever

16、 launched, kill millions of people. And Britain and France together have far fewer than 1, 000 nuclear warheads in their arsenals. The United States and Russia still have more than 20,000.President Obama must move quickly to revive arms negotiations with the Russianscommitting to deep reductions bot

17、h in deployed weapons and the many thousands more in storage. He must then bring the British, French and Chinese into the talks.The most important missiles to retain in any shrinking arsenal would be those based on submarines. Because they are quiet and constantly moving, they are essentially invuln

18、erable to pre-emptive attack; there is less pressure to use them or lose them. That advantage is also at the root of this months accident.The four nuclear navies operating in the AtlanticAmerican, British, French and Russianrefuse to disclose any information about which parts of the ocean their miss

19、ile submarines operate in. Such accidents are rare. But they can and should be made rarer. That can be done without compromising security.As long as we depend on nuclear weapons for our security, we will have to live with uncomfortable risks. Governments must keep those risks to an absolute minimum

20、by eliminating thousands of weapons that no longer have any military justification and insisting on the highest possible safety standards.6 The collision of two submarines reminds us of_.（A）the necessity to keep destructive weapons safe and secure（B） the likelihood of more collisions under the Atlan

21、tic Ocean（C） the huge number of nuclear weapons deployed near Europe（D）the negligence of superpowers about thermonuclear weapons7 By saying the warheads were not compromised, the author means that they were not_.（A）exposed（B） impaired（C） disturbed（D）detonated8 The collision of two nuclear missile su

22、bmarines was most probably caused by_.（A）the adherence to the outdated nuclear strategies（B） the routine deployment of destructive weapons（C） accidental lunch or detonation of nuclear warheads（D）unnecessarily perilous operations of nuclear powers9 Submarine nuclear missiles are the most important to

23、 retain because they are_.（A）noiseless and continually moving under oceans（B） free from the strong pressure of being destroyed（C） routinely deployed by Britain, France, and the U.S.（D）virtually incapable of being detected and destroyed 10 The author maintains that we must _.（A）eliminate all the nucl

24、ear weapons thoroughly（B） justify the retention of some nuclear weapons（C） minimize the risks posed by nuclear weapons（D）come to terms with the insecurity of the world10 Friends of the Earth International(FOE)has just issued its report Nature-. Poor Peoples Wealth in conjunction with the G8 Summit o

25、f rich nations at Gleneagles in Scotland. The FOE report aims to highlight the importance of natural resources in poverty eradication.“Poverty is the greatest shame and scandal of our era,“ according to FOE. All too predictably, a good bit of the report consists of a tiresome standard-issue anti-glo

26、balization screed against “neoliberal“ economic policies and evil “transnational corporations“. FOE notes that policy debates over how to alleviate poverty “tend to emphasize the monetary aspect of poverty, whereas many other factors including access to and control over natural resources and land, e

27、mployment, health, nutrition, education, access to services, conflict, political power and social inclusionalso play crucial roles“.In many of the instances cited by FOE where poor people and natural resources are being misused or abused, there are no clear property rights. In some cases, the govern

28、ments simply assert ownership and ride roughshod over the desires of the local people who were under the impression that the land was theirs. In others, corrupt national governments collude with powerful interests to seize poor peoples lands and resources.Amusingly, while the FOE report insists on a

29、ll kinds of rights for the worlds poor, including environmental, human, political, collective, legal, and womens rights, there is in the report not a single mention of the word “property“, as in “property rights“. While FOE is to be commended for its support for restoring stolen land to poor people

30、around the globe, it just cannot bring itself to permit individual poor people to own land. Consequently, most of the “sustainable development“ schemes endorsed by FOE involve collective ownership of land and natural resources.(By collective ownership, FOE most emphatically does not mean corporate o

31、wnership.)Collective ownership by a defined group is better than government theft, but it limits the options of the joint owners who are subject to the tyranny of generally conservative majorities who stifle entrepreneurship. Evidently, FOE would prefer that poor people sit around voting all day rat

32、her than getting rich.Friends of the Earth would do well to read the work of Peruvian economist Hernando de Soto, who has minutely detailed how the lack of property rights throughout the developing world keeps billions poor. Without clear title to their land, houses, stores, and so forth, the poor c

33、annot sell their assets or borrow against them. Since their “properties“ are subject to seizure at the whim of a government bureaucrat, the poor are understandably reluctant to invest in improving them. Thus they remain poor. The poor benefit from secure private property rights even more than the ri

34、ch do.11 What FOE report concerns most is _.（A）the considerable alleviation of poverty（B） the better utilization of natural resources（C） the money-making value of natural resources（D）the thorough cooperation with eight rich nations12 FOE challenges _in poverty eradication.（A）the monetary aspect of p

35、overty（B） neoliberal economic policies（C） political power and social status（D）the possession of natural resources13 By introducing the cases cited by FOE, the author intends to show that poor people_.（A）live in abject poverty（B） sit around voting all day（C） reject collective ownership（D）have no clea

36、r property rights14 The author takes a_ attitude toward the FOE report.（A）neutral（B） prudent（C） critical（D）detached15 The author believes that the poverty in the developing world results from_.（A）the grant of secure property rights（B） the deprivation of private property rights（C） the seizure of prop

37、erties by the government（D）peoples reluctance to improve their properties15 At around 1. 65 million years ago, another early human, Homo ergaster, started to create tools in a slightly different fashion. This so-called Acheulean tradition was the tool-making technology used for nearly the entire Sto

38、ne Age, and practiced until 100,000 years ago. Acheulean tools, such as hand axes and cleavers, were larger and more sophisticated than their predecessors. They may have been status symbols as well as tools. Homo ergaster first appeared in Africa around 2 million years ago, and in many ways resemble

39、d us. Though they had brow ridges, they had lost the stoop and long arms of their ancestors. They may have been even more slender than us and were probably well-adapted to running long distances. Some experts believe that they were the first to sport largely hairless bodies, and to sweat, though ano

40、ther theory puts our hairlessness down to an aquatic phase. One famous example of a more modern looking early human is the Turkana boy, a teenager when he died, 1. 6 million years ago in Kenya. The shape of this fossil showed that the human pelvis had reached todays narrow proportions. Combined with

41、 the growing size of the human head and brain, this had far-reaching implications; human women now need help for a successful birth; and human babies are born earlier, and need a longer period of childhood care, than those of apes. Meat-eating, however, may have allowed us to become early weaners. H

42、. ergaster may have been the first early human to leave Africa. Bones dated to around 1. 75 million years ago have been found in Dmanisi in Georgia. Shortly afterwards, Homo erectus appearedthe first early human whose fossils have been seen in large numbers outside of Africa. The first specimen disc

43、overed, a single cranium, was unearthed in Indonesia in 1891. H. erectus was highly successful, spreading to much of Asia between 1. 8 and 1. 5 million years ago, and surviving as recently as 27,000 years ago. This species, with a brain volume of around 1000 cm3 would have interacted with modern hum

44、ans. They may have been the first people to take to the seas and habitually hunt prey such as mammoths and wild horses, although there is some debate about this. They may also have harnessed the use of fire and built the first shelters. In 2004, the remains of a tiny and mysterious human species, th

45、at may have lived as recently as 13,000 years ago, was discovered on an Indonesian island. More bones of the “hobbit“, or Homo floresiensis, were uncovered in 2005. Some studies suggest it had an advanced brain and was unequivocally a separate speciesbut others argue that these people were modern hu

46、mans suffering from a genetic disorder.16 Homo ergaster was characterized by_.（A）its status symbols（B） its hand axes and cleavers（C） its tool-making technology（D）its so-called Acheulean tradition17 Homo ergaster resembled us in many ways, for example, they_.（A）were largely hairless（B） had lived in a

47、n aquatic phase（C） had long arms of their ancestors（D）were well-adapted to running long distances18 Help is needed for a woman to bear a baby mainly because_.（A）human babies are larger（B） human pelvis is narrower（C） human babies are born earlier（D）childhood care is much longer19 Homo erectus may hav

48、e been_.（A）the earliest people leaving Africa（B） the earliest species living in Indonesia（C） the earliest humans to hunt prey habitually（D）the earliest interacting with modern humans20 This text is mainly about_.（A）the interaction of early humans（B） an early human, Homo ergaster（C） the development o

49、f modern humans（D）several early humans in human evolution考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷 363 答案与解析Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 根据第一段第一句“Our life，from the very beginning，to our destiny，” 可知，“our destiny”是与“the very beginning”相对的概念，即指“生命的终点”。所以，C 应为答案。【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 根据第二段中的“life coincidencesby corresponding with what is fated for youeventually”