[考研类试卷]考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷494及答案与解析.doc

1、考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷 494 及答案与解析Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)0 Leaving the European Union would save every Dutch household 9,800 a year by 2035, claims Capital Economics, a London consultancy, in a report commission

2、ed by Geert Wilders far-right PVV party. Mr. Wilders calls this “the best news in years“, painting a picture of a country freed from the chokehold of Brussels, mass migration and high taxes, and enjoying more trade, more jobs and a booming economy.The report lists the benefits of departure: lower bu

3、siness costs because of less regulation; no more net payments to the EU; a doubling of the share of trade with emerging markets; faster economic recovery. The only cost is the transition from the euro to a new guilder, and this is “modest and manageable“. The report concludes that Dutch GDP would be

4、 10-13% higher by 2035.This finds a receptive audience among those Dutch who are looking for scapegoats. Unemployment has doubled since 2008 and the economy is flat. A recent poll finds a majority of Dutch voters in favour of leaving the EU if that would lead to more jobs and growth. The PVV is lead

5、ing in opinion polls before the European elections in May.Yet there are problems with the Capital Economics report. The idea that the economy would miraculously recover if freed from the European Central Banks policies ignores the structural failings that hold it back. The assumption that having the

6、 guilder would allow a much looser monetary policy is, at best, questionable. And it defies political reality to imagine that Netherlands would enjoy virtually cost-free access to the EUs single market, which takes 75% of Dutch exports. Norway and Switzerland both pay for the privilege and have to c

7、omply with most EU laws and regulations; the latest Swiss vote for quotas on EU migration threatens the entire relationship.Despite its flaws, the report fires a welcome starting-gun for a debate about what is good and bad about the EU. Some 66% of the Dutch feel their “No“ vote in the 2005 referend

8、um on the EU constitution was largely ignored. If regulation costs as much as the report claims, and if the ECBs monetary policy is too restrictive, both should be changed. Defenders of the EU also need to stress its Jess tangible benefits, such as peace, shared interests and the boost to the fight

9、against cross-border crime.1 According to Paragraph 1, if Holland left the EU, _.（A）it would bring numerous benefits（B） economy would soon be prosperous（C） no taxes would be imposed upon its people（D）every Dutch would consider it as the best news2 The report says that departing from the EU brings al

10、l benefits EXCEPT _.（A）less restrictions（B） more share of trade（C） higher family income（D）change of currency system3 We can learn from the fourth paragraph that _.（A）Holland mainly focuses its exports to European countries（B） Norway and Switzerland acquire more privileges from the EU（C） Dutch curren

11、cy will undoubtedly allow a looser monetary policy（D）economy would miraculously recover if Holland is freed from the EU4 The authors attitude towards the Capital Economics report is _.（A）supportive（B） skeptical （C） objective（D）ambiguous5 Advocates of the European Union highlight that _.（A）the flaws

12、account for a very small proportion（B） all countries except Holland benefit from the EU（C） transnational crime would be effectively stricken（D）the EUs monetary policy is too restrictive to comply5 When the residents of Buenos Aires want to change the pesos they do not trust into the dollars they do,

13、 they go to a cueva, or “cave“ , an office that acts as a front for a thriving illegal exchange market. In one cueva near Florida Street, a pedestrian avenue in the centre of the city, piles of pesos from previous transactions lie on a table. A courier is getting ready to carry the notes to safety-d

14、eposit boxes.This smallish cueva handles transactions worth $50,000-75,000 a day. Fear of inflation and of further depreciation of the peso, which fell by more than 20% in January, will keep demand for dollars high. Few other ways of making money are this good. “Modern Argentina does not offer what

15、you could call an institutional career,“ says one cueva owner.As the couriers carry their bundles around Buenos Aires, they pass grand buildings like the Teatro Coln, an opera house that opened in 1908, and the Retiro railway station, completed in 1915. These are emblems of Argentinas Belle poque, t

16、he period before the outbreak of the first world war when the country could claim to be the worlds true land of opportunity. In the 43 years leading up to 1914, GDP had grown at an annual rate of 6% , the fastest recorded in the world. The country was a magnet for European immigrants, who flocked to

17、 find work on the fertile pampas, where crops and cattle were propelling Argentinas expansion. In 1914 half of Buenos Airess population was foreign-born.The country ranked among the ten richest in the world, after the likes of Australia, Britain and the United States, but ahead of France, Germany an

18、d Italy. Its income per head was 92% of the average of 16 rich economies. From this point, it looked down its nose at its neighbours: Brazils population was less than a quarter as well-off.It never got better than this. Although Argentina has had periods of robust growth in the past centurynot least

19、 during the commodity boom of the past ten yearsand its people remain wealthier than most Latin Americans, its standing as one of the worlds most vibrant economies is a distant memory. Its income per head is now 43% of those same 16 rich economies; it trails Chile and Uruguay in its own backyard.6 A

20、ccording to the text, which is NOT true about cueva?（A）It serves as an illegal currency-exchange market.（B） Making money through cueva is not a bright idea.（C） It is usually small in size and owned by individuals.（D）Depreciation of the peso may be good news for cueva.7 Buenos Aires is mentioned in t

21、he text to _.（A）describe the city in detail（B） present cueva in particular（C） show the prosperity of Latin America（D）introduce the topic: Argentinas past boom8 Before the outbreak of World War I, Argentina _.（A）depended mainly on agriculture（B） was the richest country in the world（C） had no appeal t

22、o European immigrants（D）had the highest GDP recorded in the world9 We know from the fourth paragraph that _.（A）Argentina is now ranking among the ten richest countries in the world（B） Argentinas average income accounts for 92% of all 16 rich economies（C） Argentina was much richer than Brazil, where

23、many people lived in poverty（D）Argentina was looked down upon by countries like Australia, the U. K. and the US10 Argentinas boom is a distant memory because _.（A）its economy has been stagnant for a century（B） it is one of the worlds most vibrant economies（C） it is now less wealthier than most of it

24、s neighbours（D）its average income is much lower than ever before10 With the start of BBC World Service Television, millions of viewers in Asia and America can now watch the Corporations news coverage, as well as listen to it. And of course in Britain listeners and viewers can tune in to two BBC tele

25、vision channels, five BBC national radio services and dozens of local radio station. They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and current affairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage, childrens programs and films for an annual license fee of 83 per household.It is a remarkable reco

26、rd, stretching back over 70 yearsyet the BBCs future is now in doubt. The Corporation will survive as a publicly-funded broadcasting organization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and its programs are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain.The debate was launched by th

27、e Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBCincluding ordinary listeners and viewersto say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping. The reason for its inquiry is that the BBCs royal charter runs out in 1996 and it must decide wh

28、ether to keep the organization as it is, or to make changes.Defenders of the Corporationof whom there are manyare fond of quoting the American slogan. “If it aint broke, dont fix it.“ The BBC “aint broke“, they say, by which they mean it is not broken (as distinct from the word “broke“, meaning havi

29、ng no money) ,so why bother to change it?Yet the BBC will have to change, because the broadcasting world around it is changing. The commercial TV channelsITV and Channel 4were required by the Thatcher Governments Broadcasting Act to become more commercial, competing with each other for advertisers,

30、and cutting costs and jobs. But it is the arrival of new satellite channelsfunded partly by advertising and partly by viewers subscriptionswhich will bring about the biggest changes in the long term.11 What can we learn about BBC?（A）BBC is a television channel.（B） Only Britain listeners and viewers

31、can watch BBC.（C） People in China can watch BBC news.（D）Drama, music and education are all childrens programs12 BBC is facing an inquiry because _.（A）some people are considering whether it was worth keeping（B） BBCs future is unpromising（C） the Government launched a debate to say what is bad about it

32、（D）1996 is the deadline for its royal charter13 What can we infer from the underlined sentence “If it aint broke, dont fix it“?（A）The BBC “aint broke“.（B） There is no need for BBC to make change.（C） BBC will have to change.（D）BBC has no money.14 Which of the following is not true according to the la

33、st paragraph?（A）The Thatcher Governments Broadcasting Act was required to become more commercial.（B） The arrival of new satellite channels is the foremost reason for BBCs change.（C） The dynamic broadcasting world is one of the reasons leading to BBCs change.（D）The commercial TV channels are becoming

34、 more commercial.15 The key point of the text is _.（A）BBCs booming business（B） the reasons for BBCs change（C） BBCs royal charter runs out（D）a nation-wide debate about BBC15 John Lee likes to tinker with vehicles: his four-wheel-drive resembles a tractor more than a car. “Its watertight,“ he smiles.

35、For the past week he has been driving down sodden lanes in Surrey, southwest of London, transporting people and medicines. Flooding is a misery, but at least it provides an opportunity to show off a set of wheels.Much of southern England is now sodden, and parts of the Thames Valley and Somerset are

36、 simply underwater. In Shepperton, a town in Surrey, the village green used for the summer fete is best reached by canoe. In Devon a sea wall has collapsed, shutting down a vital railway link to the south-west. As The Economist went to press, 16 severe flood warnings had been issued by the Environme

37、nt Agency, a much-criticised quango that oversees flood defence.Floods are like snowflakes, says Andrew McKenzie of the British Geological Survey, a research body: none is quite like another. Rivers can overflow, as in Somerset. Groundwater can flood, as in the Thames Valley. Tides can surge, inunda

38、ting villages, as they have in Lincolnshire. Rain can pound down too quickly to be absorbed. None of these is rare on its own. But over the past two months Britain has been subject to the whole lot, often in combination, over a large area.Last month was the wettest January in southern England since

39、1910. The rain was unusually prolonged, falling on 23 days out of 31, a four-decade record. Rain continues to fall on this sodden ground. As a result, the Thames river has been running high for longer than at any point since records began in 1883. The calamitous floods that struck England in 1947, b

40、y contrast, were over much more quickly.Fingers have been pointed at the government, for squeezing the Environment Agencys budget. According to the Committee on Climate Change, an independent body, government funding for flood management between 2011 and 2015 will be less than in the previous four y

41、ears, even in cash terms. The maintenance budget was cut particularly savagely, says Iain Sturdy of the Somerset drainage board.16 The tractor-like car is described mainly to show _.（A）severity of the flood（B） lack of transportation（C） uniqueness of wheels（D）shortage of medicines17 What can be infer

42、red from the second paragraph?（A）Most parts of England suffered from the disastrous flood.（B） Many railroads have been shut down because of the flood.（C） The Economist was criticized for not covering the flood warnings.（D）It was too late for the Environment Agency to issue the flood warnings.18 The

43、underlined word “inundating“ (Para. 3, Line 3) most probably means _.（A）emerging（B） submerging（C） sinking（D）diving19 According to Paragraph 4, which one of the following is true?（A）The day of rain in this January broke a century record.（B） The water level of the Thames has been highest in history.（C

44、） In 1947, another serious flood struck England but was over soon.（D）The rain had been falling for 31 days, which broke a 40-year record.20 The best title of the text may be _.（A）Flood: Who Is to Blame（B） Can We Prevent the Floods（C） A Disastrous Flood in England（D）Natural Disasters in Human World考研

45、英语（阅读）模拟试卷 494 答案与解析Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)1 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 题干中的“if Holland left the EU”对应第一段第一句：Leaving the European Union would save Dutch其中，“Holland”对应“Dutch”。而第一段讨论的话题都是围绕开篇这个假设展开的，故只能根据该段的细节来寻找答案

46、。根据第一段的“save every Dutch household 9，800 a year”，“freed from the chokehold of Brussels，mass migration and high taxes”，“enjoying more trade，more jobs and a booming economy”等信息我们可以知道荷兰离开欧盟会带来许多好处，故选项A 为答案。选项 B 的“economy”，“prosperous”与原文最后一句“booming economy”对应，但是该项的 “soon”过于绝对，原文也没有提到。选项 C 的“no taxes”同

47、样过于绝对，且原文未提及。D 项的“every Dutch”过于绝对，“consider it as the best news”对应原文“Mr. Wilders calls thisthe best news in years”，但文章第一段没有提到每个荷兰人的态度，因此 B、C、 D 三项都错误。2 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 根据题干中的“departing from the EU”，“benefits”定位到第二段第一句：The report lists the benefits of departure：.该句冒号后面的内容即答案的来源，其中“lower business cost

48、s because of less regulation”对应选项 A，less restrictions； “a doubling of the share of trade with emerging markets”对应选项B，more share of trade；由“Dutch GDP would be 1013higher” 推断出选项C，higher family income 。第二句“The only cost is the transition from the euro to a new guilder”对应选项 D，由此可见“change of currency sys

49、tem(货币体制的改变)”不是好处之一，选项 D 为本题答案。3 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 选项 A 对应第四段中间一句：.Netherlands would enjoy virtually cost-free access to the EUs single market，which takes 75 of Dutch exports其中“Netherlands”对应“Holland” ，“EU”对应“European countries”，“75of Dutch exports”对应 “focuses its exports”，故该项表述与原文一致。选项 B 对应“Norway and Switzerland both pay for the privilege”一句，并没有提到 acquire more privileges，该项错误。选项 C 对应第三句：The assumption that having the guilder would allow a much looser monet