[考研类试卷]英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编9及答案与解析.doc

1、英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编 9 及答案与解析一、翻译1 Translation from English into Chinese(北京航空航天大学 2010 研，考试科目：基础英语)London responded to terrorist attack on July 7th in true Blitz style: rescuers were heroic, and ordinary citizens showed compassion and fortitude. Or so the politically correct version goes. A report t

2、his week from the London Assembly takes a sterner line. In fact, radios failed to work, medical supplies were lacking, some ambulances arrived inexplicably late and traumatized people were left to wander off.This is the third official report into the bombs on tube and bus that killed 56 people last

3、year and injured hundreds more. In May the Home Office offered a “narrative“ of events but cast blame only on the terrorists. A parliamentary investigation concluded that the intelligence services, stretched thin, had done their best. The London Assemblys take on the matter will not satisfy those wh

4、o want an independent public inquiry. But it has, at least, got beneath the gloss.The response to the July 7th bombings was chaotic, and in ways that ought to have been preventable. The emergency services had no coherent plan in place to care for those who survived, the report suggests. But most cri

5、ppling were the communication failures.Police, ambulance workers and firefighters were unable to talk to each other underground: only the radios of the transport police worked in the tunnels. The emergency services had to reply on runners to pass information to and from disaster areas. Yet a report

6、on a big fire at Kings Cross tube station had drawn attention to precisely this problem in 1988.Communications above ground were not much better. Rescue workers competed with bewildered bystanders for access to overloaded mobile-phone networks. The City of London Police, for its part, asked one wire

7、less operator to favor certain rescue workers by limiting service for ordinary users. Earlier, a body headed by the Metropolitan Police had decided this was unnecessary.Richard Barnes, who chaired the assemblys July 7th review committee, says the report is not meant to disparage the work of the resc

8、uers but rather to fix the problems they encountered. Almost a year later, the situation has barely improved: a new digital radio network for Londons underground, for example, is running behind schedule. The assembly plans new hearings in November to hold various feet to the fire.2 Translate the fol

9、lowing into Chinese(北京林业大学 2007 研，考试科目：基础英语)The Coca-Cola Company was 108 years old on the morning that Ivester set off for Rome, and it was already the biggest soft-drink company in the world. Nineteen ninety-four was its greatest year yet. People drank Coca-Cola morning, noon, and night in the Uni

10、ted States, where Coke had gotten started. In many places Coca-Cola stood in for coffee as the way people began their day. It had replaced milk and fruit juice in many lunchboxes, even in baby bottles in some places, if everything you heard was true. Ivester liked to predict that one day, along with

11、 red wine and water goblets, a formal table setting would have to include a broad-shouldered Coca-Cola glass.That was just one of Ivesters goals. And he usually got what he wanted. Over the previous decade, he had transformed Coke from a nodding institution into a sleek and ultra-competitive global

12、champion, envied and imitated by dozens of other American companies. Along with two colleagues, Roberto Goizueta and Donald Keough, he had created a monolith that tapped skillfully into emerging markets and pumped unexpected growth out of old ones. They had turned a well-known brand-name soda into a

13、 money machine, an ice-veined fountain jingling with cash. As Ivester drove along the road to Rome, Coca-Cola was the best-known product in the world. The company was selling Coke at the rate of 850 million eight-ounce bottles a day, or 310 billion bottles a year.3 Translate the following paragraph

14、into ChineseWrite your translation on the Answer Sheet(北京第二外国语学院 2013 研，考试科目：基础英语)As disasters go, this one was terrible, but not unique, certainly not among the worst on the roster of U. S. air crashes. There was the unusual element of the bridge, of course, and the fact that the plane clipped it a

15、t a moment of high traffic, one routine thus intersecting another and disrupting both. Then, too, there was the location of the event. Washington, the city of form and regulations, turned chaotic, deregulated, by a blast of real winter and a single slap of metal on metal. The jets from Washington Na

16、tional Airport that normally swoop around the presidential monuments like famished gulls are, for the moment, emblemized by the one that fell: so there is that detail.4 Translate the following paragraph into ChineseWrite your translation on the Answer Sheet(北京第二外国语学院 2012 研，考试科目：基础英语)I climbed heigh

17、ts above Yosemite Valley, California in order to see the splendid granite mountain, Half Dome, in its fullest view. Approaching the edge through the woods I was filled with heightened expectation. I saw the ruin of cabin and my approach caused the alignment of the chimney on this side of the valley

18、with the shorn mountain across the valley. I stopped. Something happened. The stone verticals corresponded, one human-shaped, the other natural. The human site was still engaged in sightseeing. I was on its side. I saw the famous sights through the eyes of the ruin. I had come expecting beauty: I di

19、scovered an unexpected dimension to the beauty of the scene.In this experience I had been seeking the aesthetic. I knew I would find it, for I had seen post cards in advance and was following the trail map. The seeking took considerable effort and time. It was a heavy investment. I was not going for

20、 the scientific purpose of studying rock formation, or was it for the recreational purpose of exercising my limps in the fresh air, though that exertion added intensity to the experience and was its context.5 Translate the following passage into ChineseWrite your translation on the Answer Sheet(北京第二

21、外国语学院 2011 研，考试科目：基础英语)Austerity is a word much found on the lips of politicians and economists at the moment: but it is seldom heard from technologists. And although the idea that “less is more“ has many adherents in architecture, design and fashion, the technology industry has historically espouse

22、d the opposite view. Products should have as many features as possible: and next years version should have even more. As prices fall, what starts off as a fancy new feature quickly becomes commonplacetry buying a phone without a camera, or a car without electric windows-prompting companies to add ne

23、w features in an effort to outdo their rivals. Never mind if nobody uses most of these new features. In an arms race, more is always more.关键词提示：1. austerity:simplicity and plainness, without any decorations.2. espouse:to give ones support to.6 Translate the following passages into ChineseWrite your

24、translation on the Answer Sheet(北京第二外国语学院 2010 研，考试科目：基础英语)How many a pear which presents a blooming face to the world is rotten at the core. How many an innocent-looking apple, is harboring a worm in the bud. But the orange has no secret faults. Its outside is a mirror of its inside.7 The fame of g

25、reat men ought to be judged always by the means they used to acquire it.8 Translate the following into Chinese(北京第二外国语学院 2013 研，考试科目：综合考试)In the event the Buyer does not furnish the seller with shipping instructions on or before August 17, 2007, the Seller may at his option cancel this contract and

26、demand the Buyer to pay any damages he has sustained on account of such failure of the Buyer to give such instruction.9 If any change is required regarding the terms and conditions of this Agreement, then both parties shall negotiate in order to find a suitable solution, provided that any change of

27、this Agreement shall be subject to the approval by the Canadian Government.10 Image is essential to organizations(i. e. , corporations, government bodies, non-profit groups)as well as individuals. Even if we are moving away from a notion of image as a single impression shared by an audience, image i

28、s still a central concept to the field of public relations. Firms may take preventive and restorative approaches to image problems. This essay argues that the theory of image restoration discourse is a viable approach for use in developing and understanding messages that respond to corporate image c

29、rises.Of course, there are differences in the repair efforts of individuals and companies. For example, firms might use different strategies than individuals, or employ them in different configurations. Firms may bring greater resources to image repair efforts than individuals. Attorneys may recomme

30、nd that their companies eschew certain strategies to minimize the risks of litigation. Nevertheless, the basic options are the same for both individual and corporate image repair efforts11 reciprocity in trade12 Ramadan13 infortainment14 aircraft carrier15 non-performing loan16 cost performance17 st

31、ate fund allotment 18 outsource19 free-lance professionals20 home game英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编 9 答案与解析一、翻译1 【正确答案】 伦敦方面应对七月七日恐怖袭击时的情景跟当年应对德国闪电战般空袭时如出一辙：救援人员英勇无比，普通百姓则富有同情心而且不屈不挠。从政治角度来看，这样描述当时的情景无可非议。不过，伦敦议会本周发表的一份报告则苛刻地指出了其中存在的问题，比如无线电通讯不畅，医疗支援不充分，有些救护车还莫名其妙地姗姗来迟，以至于受伤群众无人照看。这是关于去年恐怖袭击事件的第三份报告地铁和公共汽车上的

32、炸弹爆炸事件，造成了 56 人死亡，数百人受伤。今年五月，英国内政部对此事件进行了“陈述” ，但把全部责任都只归咎于恐怖分子。英国议会经过调查认为，情报部门虽然人员捉襟见肘，但是尽力而为了。伦敦议会对该问题的看法并不能让那些希望进行独立公开调查的人们感到满意，但至少触及了问题的实质。“七?七”爆炸事件的应对工作显得毫无章法，其实有些方面的混乱本是可以避免的。报告指出，紧急救援部门从未制订出一个适当的、协同合作的幸存者救护预案。不过，最麻烦的问题还是通讯不畅。警察、救护人员以及消防员之间无法在地下进行相互沟通。在隧道里，只有交警的无线电系统才能正常使用。各紧急救援部门只能靠人跑来跑去将信息送到或

33、送出事发地点。1988 年，一份关于地铁国王十字站发生大火的报告，通讯问题就引起了大家的注意，然而时至今日此类问题却未能解决。地面的通讯也好不到哪去。救援人员需要与不知所措的路人争夺本已拥堵不堪的手机信号网络。伦敦警察局则要求某无线通讯运营商通过限制普通用户通讯服务，以保障救援人员的通讯要求。然而，之前伦敦警察厅领衔的一个机构却认定此举措毫无必要。伦敦议会的爆炸事件调查委员会主席理查德?巴恩斯称，报告并非贬低救援人员所做的努力，而是希望解决他们所遇到的问题。事发近一年了，情况依然没有明显好转，比如说，原本计划在伦敦地铁建立一套新型数字无线电通讯网络，但是进度却远远落后于计划。伦敦议会计划于十一

34、月份召开新一轮听证会，希望对各方面施加压力从而解决这一问题。2 【正确答案】 艾华士先生(可口可乐公司董事长)动身去罗马的那天早上正值可口可乐公司成立 108 周年，它已经是世界上最大的软饮料生产公司。1994 年仍然是最辉煌的一年。美国人早、中、晚都喝可口可乐，而可口可乐就是在这里起家的。在很多地区，人们是喝可口可乐而不是喝咖啡来开始新的一天。很多人吃午餐时，用可口可乐代替牛奶和果汁，如果你没听错的话，有些地方甚至用它来喂婴儿。艾华士喜欢预言早晚有一天，正式餐桌摆放的餐具中，在装红酒和清水的高脚杯的旁边，是装可口可乐的宽肩杯。那只是艾华士的目标之一。通常情况下他都能达成自己想要的结果。在过去

35、的十年里，他把可口可乐公司从一个唯唯诺诺的企业转变成一个极具竞争力的时尚的全球领军者，并受到美国其他几十家公司的羡慕和模仿。他与两个同事罗伯特?哥苏达和唐纳德? 奇奥一起创造了这个巨型企业，巧妙地从新兴市场获利，同时在原来的旧市场也有惊人增长。他们把一个众所周知的汽水品牌变成了一个赚钱机器，喷涌着钞票。在艾华士先生驶往罗马的路上，可口可乐已是世界最知名的产品，该公司以每天 85 亿瓶(八盎司每瓶)的速度销售着可口可乐，也就是说每年销售3，100 亿瓶。3 【正确答案】 与其他空难相比，这次空难虽然骇人听闻，却并非空前绝后，自然也算不上是美国空难史上最严重的一次。这次空难自有其与众不同之处：首先

36、，该飞机撞上大桥时正值交通高峰期空中的航线切入了地上的路面，玉石俱焚。其次，事故发生的地点也非同寻常。严冬的一阵狂风将金属的机身一下子摔到金属的桥面上，把华盛顿这个布局合理、井然有序的城市变得一片狼藉、混乱不堪。从华盛顿国家机场起飞的喷气机，通常会像饥饿的海鸥一般在总统纪念碑附近猛然俯冲，在此刻，这架坠毁的飞机就成了它们的象征。于是就有了以上细节。4 【正确答案】 为了饱览壮丽的花岗岩山峰半穹顶的全景，我登上了加州约塞米蒂谷的高地。穿过树林，走近山沿，心中充满了美好的期盼。远远望见一处小屋的废墟，走到近前，只见山谷这边的烟囱与横穿山谷的陡峭山崖恰好连成一线。我停下脚步，奇观出现了：两道石壁遥相

37、呼应，一边是人工打造，一边是浑然天成。人造景观这边仍供观光游览，此时我就身临其境。透过小屋的废墟，我看到了著名的景观。我怀着对美的期盼而来，不经意间却发现了美的另一番天地。在这段旅程中我一直在捕捉一种美感。我知道会如愿以偿，因为我事先看过一些相关明信片，循着旅游地图一路找来。这样的寻找费时费力。我此行的目的既不是出于科学的动机来研究岩石的结构，也不是出于娱乐消遣的考虑在清新的空气中舒展肢体，尽管这次跋涉加深了我对美的体验，而且是这番体验的不可或缺的环节。5 【正确答案】 “ 简洁 ”是政界人士和经济学家常说的一个词，但很少听到技术人员提起这个词。虽然在建筑、设计和时装领域，有很多人相信“形式越

38、简单，内容越丰富”这一观念，但是从传统上讲，在技术工业方面，人们往往持相反的理念：产品的功能越多越好。下一年的款式所具备的功能总比今年多。随着产品价格越来越低，人们对一些新功能很快就习以为常了。现在谁还买得到不带照相功能的手机和不带电动升降窗户的汽车呢?这就促使厂家老是想办法增加产品特色，以击败对手。有些新功能人们从来都用不上，这没关系，在激烈得犹如军备竞赛的市场竞争中，产品总是功能越多销量越好。6 【正确答案】 外表鲜嫩可爱、内核已经腐烂的梨子在这个世界上不知有多少。看上去纯洁无瑕、含苞时却早已长虫的苹果在这个世界上不知有多少。但橙子却不掩瑕疵，它表里如一、内外一致。7 【正确答案】 判断伟

39、人的声誉，永远应该以他们如何得到声誉来衡量。8 【正确答案】 如买方在 2007 年 8 月 17 日(含当日)前未向卖方提供装运通知，则卖方可自行取消该合同，并要求买方赔偿因未提供装运通知而导致卖方遭受的一切损失。9 【正确答案】 若本协议的条款需做任何修改，双方须共同协商并予以妥善解决，且本协议如有任何修改内容须经加拿大政府批准方可执行。10 【正确答案】 形象，无论对于组织(比如企业、政府部门、非营利性组织)还是个人而言都极为重要。哪怕我们不再认为形象只是公众眼中一种共同印象，形象仍然是公共关系领域中的核心概念。公司可以采用预防性和恢复性手段来应对形象问题。本文认为，形象恢复谈话理论可用于发展和理解对处理公司形象危机有效的信息。当然，个人和公司在修复形象时所做的努力是不一样的。比如说，公司可用的策略比个人多，也能把这些策略用于不同的局势。比起个人，公司可以调动更多的资源来进行形象修复。律师会建议他们的公司避免特定的策略，以便把诉讼风险降到最低。尽管如此，企业和个人用来修复形象的基本手段是相同的。11 【正确答案】 贸易互惠性12 【正确答案】 斋月13 【正确答案】 信息娱乐14 【正确答案】 航空母舰15 【正确答案】 不良贷款16 【正确答案】 性价比17 【正确答案】 国家财政调拨18 【正确答案】 外包19 【正确答案】 自由职业者20 【正确答案】 主场比赛