[考研类试卷]英语专业（基础英语）模拟试卷16及答案与解析.doc

1、英语专业（基础英语）模拟试卷 16 及答案与解析一、选择题1 People should not take good constitution for granted, for human genetic code is_the development of_.（A）liable to. anomalies（B） predestined for. discomfort（C） predisposed to. disease（D）indicative of. wholesomeness2 Nobody came to see me while I was out, _ ?（A）did they（B

2、） didnt they（C） did she（D）did me3 Aged just four, Josephine Hawkins is already at ease with her computer and the Internet,_ clicking her mouse on Disney sites to download images of her favorite characters.（A）confidentially（B） confidently（C） appreciatively（D）conscientiously4 He never hesitates to mak

3、e_criticisms_are considered helpful to others.（A）so.that（B） so.as（C） such.that（D）such.as5 The policy_made, the next problem was how to carry it out.（A）having been（B） being（C） had been（D）was6 Susan is a devoted daughter, always very_to the needs of her old parents.（A）attentive（B） observant（C） recurre

4、nt（D）earnest7 Overall, it is going to become much easier for people to communicate_the Net.（A）by（B） in（C） over（D）onto8 The hidden room is only through a secret back entrance.（A）obtainable（B） achievable（C） attainable（D）accessible9 He was so_by his work that he did not notice that other employees had

5、already left.（A）prevailed（B） predominated（C） prescribed（D）preoccupied10 Please_yourself from smoking and spitting in public places, since the law forbids them.（A）restrain（B） hinder（C） restrict（D）prohibit11 When the crowd saw the prize-fighter stretched out on the canvas, shouts and cheers_ from it.（

6、A）broke up（B） broke forth（C） broke through（D）broke upon12 When a friend hurts you, your instinct is to protect yourself but that makes it harder to_up problems.（A）tackle（B） patch（C） handle（D）dispose13 It is bad manners to_other people behind their backs.（A）do up（B） do by（C） do away with（D）do down14

7、That_the case, we have to make some changes in our plan.（A）is（B） was（C） being（D）has been15 Einstein, who worked out his theory of relativity, lived to a_old age.（A）ripe（B） mature（C） perfect（D）mellow16 Jean Wangers most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that

8、 it_in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.（A）is to be analyzed（B） has been analyzed（C） be analyzed（D）should have been analyzed17 Looking back at all_had happened, he couldnt help crying.（A）which（B） that（C） what（D）this18 The clerk in the patent office said to his boss: “Look, I am no

9、t drunk. Im as_as a judge.“（A）sober（B） somber（C） steady（D）clear19 The motion picture is only a series of still photographs which are_and viewed in rapid succession to create the illusion of movement and continuity.（A）split（B） spilt（C） spun（D）spliced20 There was a very interesting remark in a book by

10、 an Englishman that I read recently_what he thought was a reason for this American characteristic.（A）giving（B） gave（C） to give（D）given21 As a politician, she has to have the_ of inspiring confidence in her listeners.（A）fluke（B） knack（C） frenzy（D）venison22 Vanity is his Achilles_（A）heel（B） ankle（C） a

11、rm（D）leg23 Bad office planning will_both the employee and the employer and affect the performance of their duties.（A）increase（B） extend（C） augment（D）stretch24 A tree squirrel characteristically has long, plume-like tail that helps slow_whenever it falls from high places.（A）it descends（B） its descent

12、（C） to descend（D）it is descending25 If you_the bottle and cigarettes, youll be much healthier.（A）takeoff（B） keep off（C） get off（D）setoff26 Peter was_the football with him but he had forgotten.（A）to have brought（B） to bring（C） to have been brought（D）to be bringing27 Cynic believe that people who_comp

13、liments do so in order to be praised twice.（A）bask in（B） give out（C） gloat over（D）shrug off28 The individual TV viewer invariably sense that he or she is_an anonymous, statistically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience.（A）everything except（B） anything but（C） no less than（D）nothing more

14、than29 The_company has an excellent reputation which is understandable, since its been in business for twenty years and has thousands of satisfied customers.（A）upstart（B） senile（C） flourishing（D）fledgling30 Someone must have about among my papers, for my drawer is in a mess.（A）rampaged（B） rehearsed（

15、C） rummaged（D）researched31 The findings of the two archaeologists threw light on the burial customs of the ancient Egyptians.（A）paid attention to（B） gave faith to（C） helped to make clear of（D）gained insight into32 After realizing that their daughter was incurably ill, the Reynolds family changed the

16、ir minds about euthanasia.（A）penalty（B） capital sentence（C） degradation（D）mercy killing33 A judicious parent encourages his children to make their own decisions.（A）judicial（B） illustrious（C） wise（D）precarious34 John boasted that he could finish the job all by himself in no time.（A）very rapidly（B） in

17、 time（C） on time（D）at any moment35 Just as work and educational opportunities for women were limited in the 1800s, their legal rights were also circumscribed.（A）reserved（B） preserved（C） perverted（D）restricted二、句子改错36 Mrs. Jackson saw the helicopter raise into the sky.37 Nobody besides little John th

18、inks that a trip by bus is exciting.38 The Great Wall is the famous tourist site in world.39 A severe illness when she was just nineteen months old deprived the well-know writer Joseph Kate both her sight and her hearing.40 I regret having left my daughter at home; I should bring her with me.41 Foot

19、ball and baseball, which played in the United States today, are basically modifications of games that originated in England.42 Much though he needed money for a new car, he decided not to borrow it from the bank.43 David Singer, my friends father, while raised and educated in New York, lived and lec

20、tured in Africa most of his life.44 I forgot doing it.45 This is marvelous, isnt it?三、完形填空45 Fill in each blank with one suitable word from the four choicesDigital photography is still new enough that most of us have yet to form an opinion about it, 【C1】_develop a point of view. But this hasnt stopp

21、ed many film and computer fans from agreeing【C2 】_the early conventional wisdom about digital cameras-theyre neat【C3】_for your PC, but theyre not suitable for everyday picture taking.The fans are wrong. More than anything else, digital cameras are radically【C4】_what photography means and what it can

22、 be. The venerable medium of photography【C5 】_we know is beginning to seem out of【C6】_with the way we live. In our computer and camcorder【C7】_,saving pictures as digital【C8】_and watching them on TV is no less practical-and in many ways more【C9】 _than fumbling with rolls of film that must be sent off

23、 to be【C10】_.Paper is also terribly【C11】_. Pictures that are incorrectly framed.【C12】_. or lighted are nonetheless committed to film and ultimately processed into prints.The digital medium changes the【C13】_. Still images that are【 C14】_digitally can immediately be shown on a computer【C15】_. a TV scr

24、een, or a small liquid crystal display(LCD)built rights into the camera. And since the points of light that【C16】_an image are saved as a series of digital bits in electronic memory.【C17】_being permanently etched onto film, they can be erased, retouched, and transmitted【C18】_.Whats it like to【C19】_wi

25、th one of these digital cameras? Its a little like a first dateexciting, confusing and fraught with【C20】_.46 【C1 】（A）rather than（B） more than（C） much less（D）so as to47 【C2 】（A）on（B） with（C） to（D）by48 【C3 】（A）attachments（B） auxiliaries（C） attributes（D）counterparts49 【C4 】（A）reexplaining（B） rearrangin

26、g（C） reexposing（D）redefining50 【C5 】（A）though（B） if（C） as（D）unless51 【C6 】（A）rate（B） pace（C） step（D）speed52 【C7 】（A）environment（B） civilization（C） community（D）culture53 【C8 】（A）files（B） documents（C） programs（D）softwares54 【C9 】（A）appealing（B） facilitating（C） enlightening（D）encouraging55 【C10 】（A）con

27、verted（B） developed（C） exposed（D）evolved56 【C11 】（A）unforgiving（B） unperceiving（C） unconsidering（D）unsympathizing57 【C12 】（A）aimed（B） targeted（C） focused（D）pointed58 【C13 】（A）regulations（B） rules（C） disciplines（D）principles59 【C14 】（A）gripped（B） seized（C） grasped（D）captured60 【C15 】（A）demonstrator（B

28、） exhibitor（C） monitor（D）transmitter61 【C16 】（A）constitute（B） illumine（C） penetrate（D）dissolve62 【C17 】（A）in case（B） rather than（C） as well as（D）as though63 【C18 】（A）on digit（B） on cable（C） as well as（D）as though64 【C19 】（A）fire（B） maneuver（C） operate（D）shoot65 【C20 】（A）chances（B） probabilities（C） o

29、pportunities（D）possibilities四、阅读理解65 Intelligence tests have been involved in the promotion of eugenics, the idea that you could control the human race by selective breeding. Francis Galton one of the pioneers of intelligence tests was also a founding member of the Eugenics Society in the UK. The be

30、lief that intelligence is biologically determined in the make-up of the brain, and therefore to some extent genetically determined, is widely accepted. But a number of researchers over the years have used this idea to advocate social change. Using intelligence as one of their factors, Hernstein and

31、Murrays controversial book, The Bell Curve(1994)argued that differences in IQ scored between racial groups reflect innate biological differences.The Bell Curve is a graph that plots the range of IQ scores of an average population. However, it can be interpreted in many ways, and when the intelligenc

32、e of the whole human race is in question, the stakes are high. Critics argue that the way intelligence is measured contains a high level of random variation and therefore its impossible to generalize it all into one graph. However, belief in the Bell Curve and in the genetic, rather than social, bas

33、is for intelligence has unfortunately led to the propagation of many racist ideas. Evidence to suggest social factors are important in intelligence is strong. The US military tested recruits to assign rank and found that black applicants scored lower than whites. However, analysis of the recruits we

34、re found to be due to educational differences; black recruits scored very low until the 1950s, when an increase in score corresponded to improved educational standards for all.In spring 1998, Robert Plomin claimed to have discovered a gene linked with intelligence. More recently, the Human Genome Pr

35、oject is cautious when approaching areas implying racial differences since research actually shows greater genetic differences within races than between races. However, not all individuals are endowed with the same intelligence and many believe this must have something to do with our genes and the w

36、ay they interact with the environment. Identical twins are more likely to obtain the same score in an IQ test than twins from two separate eggs that have a different genetic make up.It is important to remember that genes work by interacting with the environment, so social factors will also influence

37、 intelligence. Intelligence tests may be more of an assessment of social factors, such as your educational background. Black children adopted into white middle class families score significantly higher on average than those in working class families-implying a cultural slant to tests. It is impossib

38、le to devise questions without some cultural of gender bias; boys tend to do better in spatial tests whereas are believed to have influenced improved IQ scores across the board. Good nutrition means an individual is able to function well both physically and mentally. Although many believe this plays

39、 a role in intelligence, it is very difficult to assess.66 What is the text mainly about?（A）The book of The Bell Curve.（B） Factors that determine or influence intelligence.（C） IQ intelligence tests.（D）Racial difference and racialism.67 According to paragraph 1, it is widely believed that_.（A）the hum

40、an race would be control through different ways of upbringing.（B） intelligence is closely related to genes in some degree.（C） biological differences contribute a lot to different IQ scores between races.（D）eugenics employ IQ tests to promote eugenics.68 The graph in the book of Bell Curve_.（A）introd

41、uce genetic factors as well as social ones in intelligence（B） is criticized by critics as unscientific and incomprehensive（C） is obviously meant to advocate racist ideas（D）strong evidence used by US military in analyzing recruits69 Which of the following is untrue according to the text?（A）Racists em

42、ploy the idea of genetic determination in intelligence to propagate racialism.（B） According to the US military analysis, differences in IQ tests scores are caused by genetic factors.（C） Blacks may be more genetically different between themselves than compared with whites.（D）It is believed by many pe

43、ople that intelligence is related to our genes and their interaction with social factors.70 According to the author, intelligence tests_.（A）can always be impartial（B） evaluate more of the genetic influence rather than social factors（C） may be designed with cultural or gender bias（D）reflect that good

44、 nutrition influences intelligence.70 Climatic conditions are delicately adjusted to the composition of the Earths atmosphere. If there were a change in the atmosphere for example, in the relative proportions of atmospheric gases the climate would probably changed also. A slight increase in water va

45、por, for instance , would increase the heat retaining capacity of the atmosphere and would lead to a rise in global temperatures. In contrast, a large increase in water vapor would increase the thickness and extent of the cloud layer, reducing the amount of solar energy reaching the Earths surface.

46、The level of carbon dioxide, CO2 , in the atmosphere has an important effect on climatic change. Most of the Earths incoming energy is short-wavelength radiation, which tends to pass through atmospheric CO2 easily. The Earth, however, rerediates much of the received energy as long-wavelength radiati

47、on, which CO2 absorbs and then remits toward the Earth. This phenomenon, known as the greenhouse effect, can result in an increase in the surface temperature of a planet. An extreme example of the effect is shown by Venus, a planet covered by heavy clouds composed mostly of CO2 whose surface tempera

48、tures have been measured at 430 C. If the CO2 content of the atmosphere is reduced, the temperature falls. According to one respectable theory, if the atmospheric CO2 concentration were halved, the Earth would become completely covered with ice. Another equally respectable theory, however, states th

49、at a halving of the CO2 concentration would lead only to a reduction in global temperatures of 3 C. If, because of an increase in forest fires or volcanic activity, the CO2 content of the atmosphere increased. A warmer climate would be produced. Plant growth, which relies on both the warmth and the availab