[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础模拟试卷1及答案与解析.doc

1、英语翻译基础模拟试卷 1 及答案与解析英译汉1 The U. S. Chamber of Commerce2 the Best Dubbing Award3 European Monetary System4 hard news5 property bubble6 economic turnaround7 YouTube8 Twitter9 under-translation10 Dynamic Equivalence11 Lingua Franca12 Department of Homeland Security13 national prophet14 curb liquidity15

2、Jerusalem汉译英16 六艺17 国际关系民主化18 非物质文化遗产19 企业文化20 补缺选举21 万有引力定律22 人才交流23 广播电视大学24 智囊团25 独立宣言26 人造美女27 政治协商制度28 三边的29 取长补短30 民间团体英译汉31 For nearly two years, Chinas turbocharged economy has raced ahead with the aid of a huge government stimulus program and aggressive lending by state-run banks. But a gro

3、wing number of economists now worry that Chinathe worlds fastest growing economy and a pillar of strength during the global financial crisiscould be stalled next year by soaring inflation, mounting government debt and asset bubbles. Two credit ratings agencies, Moodys and Fitch Ratings, say China is

4、 still poised for growth, yet they have also recently warned about hidden risks in its banking system. Fitch even hinted at the possibility of another wave of nonperforming loans tied to the property market. In the late 1990s and early this decade, the Chinese government was forced to bail out and r

5、ecapitalize these same state-run banks because a soaring number of bad loans had left them nearly insolvent. Those banks are much stronger now, after a series of record public stock offerings in recent years that have raised billions of dollars from global investors. But last week, an analyst at the

6、 Royal Bank of Scotland advised clients to hedge against the risk that a flood of cash into China, coupled with soaring inflation, could result in a “day of reckoning. “ A sharp slowdown in China, which is growing at an annual rate of about 10 percent, would be a serious blow to the global economy s

7、ince Chinas voracious demand for natural resources is helping to prop up growth in Asia and South America, even as the United States and the European Union struggle. And because China is a major holder of United States Treasury debt and a major destination for American investment in recent years, an

8、y slowdown would also hurt American companies. Aware of the risks, Beijing has moved recently to tame its domestic growth and rein in soaring food and housing prices by raising interest rates, tightening regulations on property sales and restricting lending.汉译英32 比起菜谱和京戏，同样不易翻译的还有时下的“套话” 。在宁波的一家中国公司

9、做事的法国人讲了个套话的例子：这家公司成功地为一家造船厂引进了一套机械设备，在庆功宴上，中方领导致辞：“在局领导的亲切关怀下，在公司领导的亲自指挥下” 外国工程师听了翻译的内容十分不解，私下里抱怨说：“ 你们领导说谎，指挥安装调试的是我。公司领导只来过一次，局领导根本没露过面。”中国员工解释说：“中国的事情最好都要和领导挂上钩，这是规矩。” 这位洋人在一次事故分析会上，学起了中国的规矩，发言时用了这样的开场白：“在领导的亲切关怀下，在公司领导的亲自指挥下”全场愕然。做过多年驻外大使的外交学院院长吴建民先生举过一个例子：谈到中国的改革开放，外国人理解起来就有困难。吴先生说：“中国的话语体系西方人

10、不太懂，所以要用他们能接受的表达方式才能够沟通。” 菜谱也好，京剧也罢，套话也好，语言的问题通常不在于语言本身，而在于文化差异。英语翻译基础模拟试卷 1 答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 美国商会2 【正确答案】 最佳配音奖3 【正确答案】 欧洲货币体系4 【正确答案】 重要新闻5 【正确答案】 房地产泡沫6 【正确答案】 经济好转7 【正确答案】 视频网站，一个可供网民上传、观赏及分享视频短片的网站8 【正确答案】 推特网，是一个社交网络及微博客服务网站9 【正确答案】 欠额翻译10 【正确答案】 动态对等11 【正确答案】 通用语12 【正确答案】 美国国土安全部13 【正确答案】 民族的

11、先知14 【正确答案】 抑制流动性15 【正确答案】 耶路撒冷汉译英16 【正确答案】 six classical arts(rite; music; archery; riding; writing; arithmetic)17 【正确答案】 democracy in international relations18 【正确答案】 intangible cultural heritage19 【正确答案】 corporate culture20 【正确答案】 by-election(UK)/supplementary election(US)21 【正确答案】 the law of uni

12、versal gravitation22 【正确答案】 talents exchange23 【正确答案】 radio and television university24 【正确答案】 think tank25 【正确答案】 The Declaration of Independence26 【正确答案】 plastic beauty27 【正确答案】 political consultation system28 【正确答案】 trilateral29 【正确答案】 draw upon one anothers strong points30 【正确答案】 civil society英译

13、汉31 【正确答案】 差不多两年来，动力十足的中国经济凭借一项庞大的政府刺激计划和国有银行激进的放贷举措，延续着高速增长的态势。但越来越多的经济学家现在开始担心，飙涨的通胀率、不断攀升的政府债务和资产泡沫，或许将在明年令世界增速最快，同时亦在全球金融危机期间发挥了支柱作用的中国经济陷入困境。摩迪和惠誉国际表示，中国经济依然处于增长期，但这两家信贷评级机构最近也针对中国银行体系存在的风险发出了警告。惠誉国际甚至暗示，中国银行体系有可能爆发另一波与房地产市场相连的不良贷款浪潮。20 世纪 90 年代末和 21 世纪初期，中国政府曾经被迫向这些国有银行提供紧急援助，并向其注入了大量资金，因为不断上升

14、的不良贷款已经让它们处于濒临破产的境地。近些年来，在经历了一系列创纪录的公开发行上市，从全球投资者那里募集到数十亿美元资金之后，这些银行的财力已今非昔比。但上周，苏格兰皇家银行声称，热钱涌入，加上不断攀升的通胀率有可能导致中国经济迎来“算总账的一天” ，并建议客户针对这一风险采取保护措施。倘若年均增速约 10的中国经济骤然放缓，全球经济将遭受重创，因为在美国和欧盟经济苦苦挣扎之际，中国对自然资源的旺盛需求业已成为亚洲和南美经济增长的主要驱动力。此外，由于中国是美国国债的主要持有者，近些年来也成了美国公司投资的主要目的地，中国经济放缓将伤及美国公司的利益。在意识到这些风险之后，北京方面近期采取了

15、提高利率、加强对房地产销售的管制、限制银行放贷等措施，试图控制国内经济增速，遏制不断飙涨的食品及住房价格。汉译英32 【正确答案】 Besides recipes and Peking operas, the translation of current “jargons“ is of equal difficulty. A French working for a Chinese company in Zhejiang Ningbo once shared with me an example showing the difficulty of translating and using j

16、argons: After the company successfully introduced a set of machinery and equipment for a shipyard, they held a celebration banquet. During the celebration, one Chinese leader made a speech, “ With the loving care from the Bureau leadership, and under the command of the company leaders in person .“ A

17、fter hearing the translated content of the speech, the foreign engineer working in the company was very surprised and confused , and he privately complained, “ Your leaders have just lied. I am the one who commanded the installation and the leader of the company just visited once during, and the Bur

18、eau leader never showed up. “ The Chinese staff explained, “ In China, it is best to connect things with leaders, for it is the rule. Later, in an accident analysis meeting, the same foreigner, not forgetting the Chinese rules, opened his speech with the following prologue, “ With the loving care fr

19、om the Bureau leadership , and under the command of the company leaders in person.“ The whole audiences were utterly stunned. Dean of China Foreign Affairs University, Mr. Wu Jianmin, who has served as an ambassador for many years, cited an example; Speaking of Chinas reform and opening up, there is

20、 difficulty for foreigners to understand. Wu said, “Chinas discourse system is beyond the understanding of the Westerners, so we have to use the expression which they can perceive to be able to communicate with them. “ No matter it is the translation of a recipe or a Peking opera or a jargon, the problem usually does not lie in the language itself, but in cultural differences instead.