[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷22及答案与解析.doc

1、英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷 22 及答案与解析汉译英1 中美两国的社会制度和对外政策有着本质的区别。但是，双方同意，各国不论社会制度如何，都应根据尊重各国主权和领土完整、不侵犯别国内政、平等互利、和平共处的原则来处理国与国之间的关系。国际争端应在此基础上予以解决，而不诉诸武力威胁。美国和中华人民共和同准备在他们的相互关系中实行这些原则。双方回顾了中美两国之间长期存在的严重争端。中国方面重申自己的立场：台湾问题是阻碍中美两国关系正常化的关键问题；中华人民共和国政府是中国的惟一合法政府；台湾是中国的一个省，早已归还祖国；解放台湾是中国内政，别国无权干涉；全部美国武装力量和军事设施必须从台湾撤

2、出。中国政府坚决反对任何旨在制造“一台一中 ”、“一个中国、两个政府”、“两个中国”、“ 台湾独立”和鼓吹“台湾地位未定”的活动。美国方面声明：美国认识到，在台湾海峡两岸的所有中国人都认为只有一个中国，台湾是中国的一部分。美国政府对这一立场不提出异议。它重申对中国人民和平解决台湾问题的关心。考虑到这一前景，它确定从台湾撤出全部美国武装力量和军事设施的最终目标。在此期间，它将随着这个地区紧张局势的缓和逐步减少它在台湾的武装力量。2 中华文明历来注重社会和谐，强调团结互助。中国人早就提出了“和为贵” 的思想，追求天人和谐、人际和谐、身心和谐，向往“人人相亲，人人平等，天下为公”的理想社会。今天，中

3、国提出构建和谐社会，就是要建设一个民主法治、公平正义、诚信友爱、充满活力、安定有序、人与自然和谐相处的社会，实现物质和精神、民主和法治、公平和效率、活力和秩序的有机统一。中国人民把维护民族团结作为自己义不容辞的职责，把维护国家主权和领土完整作为自己至高无上的使命。3 无论我们愿意与否，我们的社会生活与经济生活已经密不可分。中国和世界的过去与现在都证明了这样一个无可辩驳的事实，那就是没有政治和社会的稳定，任何有效的和有意义的改革都是不可能实现的。中国的外交政策是为了争取长期健康的国际环境，尤其是争取有利于中国社会主义现代化建设的环境，有利于维护世界和平、促进共同发展的环境。当今世界正处于复杂的大

4、变革时期，国际形势总体趋好。我们必须抓住机遇，迎接挑战，为建设一个和平、稳定、繁荣的新世界而做出不懈的努力。4 中国将坚定不移地综合执行和平独立的外交政策。中国的外交政策是为了争取长期健康的国际环境，尤其是争取有利于中国社会主义现代化建设的环境，有利于维护世界和平、促进共同发展的环境。中国将继续加强同发展中国家，特别是周边国家的积极关系，坚持睦邻友好的政策，努力建立公正与合理的国际政治次序和国际经济次序。5 我们大家生活在同一个星球上，因此我们要共同对付人类生存与发展面临的挑战。生态环境恶化，贫困失业，人口膨胀，疾病流行，毒品泛滥，国际犯罪活动猖獗，以及妇女儿童权益得不到保障等等，都是事关人类

5、生存与发展的全球性问题。发达国家对其在工业化，现代化过程中造成的生态环境恶化是欠了债的，理所当然地应对环境保护做出更大的贡献。这些全球性问题的逐步解决，不仅要靠各国自身的努力，还需要国际上的相互配合和密切合作。英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷 22 答案与解析汉译英1 【正确答案】 There are essential differences between China and the United States in their social systems and foreign policies. However, the two sides agreed that countries

6、, regardless of their social systems, should conduct their relations on the principles of respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all states, non-interference in the internal affairs of other states, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence. International deputes should

7、 be settled on this basis, without resorting to the use or threat of force. The United States and the People s Republic of China are prepared to apply these principles to their mutual relations.The two sides reviewed the long-standing serious disputes between China and the United States. The Taiwan

8、question is the crucial question obstructing the normalization of relations between China and the United States; the Government of the People s Republic of China is the sole legal government of China; Taiwan is a province of China which has long been returned to the motherland ; the liberation of Ta

9、iwan is China s internal affair in which no other country has the right to interfere; and all US forces and military installations must be withdrawn from Taiwan. The Chinese Government firmly opposes any activities which aim at the creation of “ one China, one Taiwan,“ “one China, two governments,“

10、“two Chinas,“an “independent Taiwan“or advocate that “the status of Taiwan remains to be determined.The US side declared: The United States acknowledges that all Chinese on either side of the Taiwan is a part of China. The United States Government does not challenge that position. It reaffirms its i

11、nterest in a peaceful settlement of the Taiwan question by the Chinese themselves. With this prospect in mind, it affirms the ultimate objective of the withdrawal of all US forces and military installations from Taiwan. In the meantime, it will progressively reduce its forces and military installati

12、ons on Taiwan as the tension in the area diminishes.【知识模块】 汉译英2 【正确答案】 The Chinese civilization has always given prominence to social harmony, unity and mutual assistance. Back in the early days of the Chinese nation, the Chinese already advocated that “ harmony is most valuable. “ They strove for h

13、armony between man and nature, among people and between man s body and soul, and yearned for an ideal society where “ everyone loves everyone else, everyone is equal and the whole world is one community. “Today, China is endeavoring to build a harmonious society. It is a society of democracy and the

14、 rule of law, fairness and justice, integrity, fraternity, vitality, stability, order and harmony between man and nature. It is a society where there is unity between the material and the spiritual, democracy and the rule of law, fairness and efficiency, and vitality and order. The Chinese people ta

15、ke the maintenance of ethnic unity and harmony as their duty and the defense of the country s sovereignty and territorial integrity as their sacred mission.【知识模块】 汉译英3 【正确答案】 Whether we like it or not, we are bound together in our life, social and economic. The past and the present of both China and

16、 the world at large have proved the irrefutable fact that in the absence of political and social stability it is impossible to bring about any effective and meaningful reform. China s foreign policy serves to gain a long-term, sound international environment. Particularly , the policy aims to achiev

17、e an environment conducive to China s socialist modernization drive, the maintenance of world peace and promotion of joint development. Today the world is undergoing complicated and profound changes, and on the whole, the international situation is moving towards greater relaxation. We must stand re

18、ady to seize new opportunities and meet new challenges, and make unremitting efforts to build a wonderful new world of peace, stability and prosperity.【知识模块】 汉译英4 【正确答案】 China will unswervingly carry out its independent foreign policy of peace in a comprehensive manner. China s foreign policy serves

19、 to gain a long-term, sound international environment. Particularly , the policy aims to achieve an environment conducive to China s socialist modernization drive, the maintenance of the world peace and the promotion of joint development. China will continue to foster positive relationships with the

20、 developing countries and especially surrounding countries , persisting in a good-neighborly and friendly policy, striving to establish a just and rational international political and economic order.【知识模块】 汉译英5 【正确答案】 Since all of us live on the same planet, we need to jointly cope with the challeng

21、es facing/confronting the human survival and development. Of the global concerns for human survival and development are the aggravation of the ecological environment, poverty and unemployment, population explosion, the spread of epidemics, the abuse and widespread use of narcotics, the rampant inter

22、national crimes, and the failure to safeguard the interests of women and children. Since the developed countries owe debts to the ecological deterioration in its industrialization and modernization, they should naturally contribute more to the protection of the environment. The gradual solution to these global concerns not only requires the efforts of all the countries but also their mutual cooperation and close coordination.【知识模块】 汉译英