[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷27及答案与解析.doc

1、英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷 27 及答案与解析汉译英1 从华尔街开始，各地的股票市场都开始陷人混乱。连续两个星期，美国的主要股市指数猛跌。上星期三，道琼斯工业平均指数下跌 433 点，而且高科技上市公司占多数的纳斯达克指数跌至今年的最低水平、两个市场随后在星期四出现大幅反弹，令人兴奋地结束了本周，同往常一样，亚洲的交易所同美国股市一前一后出现上升和下跌。东京日经指数从星期二的 15，340 点，跌至星期三的 14，872 点，接着又回升，并于星期五收至 15，198 点。2 继续加强“ 三农” 工作。 28 个省(区、市)全部免征了农业税，全国取消了牧业税。增加对种粮农民的补贴和对产粮大

2、县及财政困难县的转移支付，对部分粮食主产区的重点粮食品种实行最低收购价政策，多渠道增加农民收入。全年中央财政用于“三农”的支出达到 2975 亿元。粮食总产量在上年大幅度增长的基础上，又增产1454 万吨，达到 48401 万吨。3 长期以来，发展中国家在不合理的国际经济关系中深受不公平交换之害。近年来，它们的贸易条件更加恶化，出口收入锐减，生产投资萎缩，债务负担沉重，甚至连续多年出现了资金从穷国向富国倒流的现象。富国愈富，穷国愈穷，这个趋势比十年前更加突出了。这种情况如果任其继续发展下去，对于全世界，不论是发展中国家还是发达国家，都将带来更加严重的后果。第三世界的经济发展已经成为关系全局的紧

3、迫问题。现存的国际关系不应该也不可能原封不动地维持下去，建立国际经济新秩序是时代的需要。4 此外，我们要确保更有效地利用外资。譬如，我们要进一步扩大对外开放的领域和地域，逐步推行商业、外贸、金融、保险、证券、电信、旅游和中介服务等领城的对外开放。我们还将放宽外商投资在技术转让、内销比例和一些行业持股比例的限制，积极鼓励外商投资农业、基础设施、环保产业和高新技术产业。当然，我们还要积极吸引跨国公司来华投资，特别是鼓励他们投资研究开发和参与国有企业的改组、改造。发展是硬道理，是解决我们面临问题的关键。只有坚定不移地坚持改革开放方针，我们才能确保持续不断的经济增长。只有在提高效益的前提下保持快速的经

4、济增长，我们才能缓解企业生产经营困难，减轻就业压力，促进经济结构调整，增加财政收入，防范金融风险，保持社会稳定。5 现代化的交通、电信与大众传媒手段使世界变的越来越小，国际社会如同一个地球村，居住在地球村里的各国人民在文化交流中彼此尊重、共求发展。我认为，不同的文化应该相互学习，取长补短。我们必须清醒地认识到，文化交流不是让外来文化吞灭自己的文化，而是为了丰富各民族的文化。当然，在广泛的文化交流中，一个民族的文化必须保持本民族的鲜明特色，必须对人类文明的发展做出贡献。英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷 27 答案与解析汉译英1 【正确答案】 Starting with Wall Street,

5、stock markets everywhere began to fall into chaos. Two weeks in a row, the key U. S. indexes dropped precipitously. Last Wednesday, the Dow Jones Average plunged 433 points and the tech-heavy NASDAQ index fell to its lowest level of the year. Then both markets rebounded spectacularly on Thursday and

6、 ended the week on a high note. As always, A-sia s bourses rose and fell in tandem with the U. S. markets. Tokyo s Nikkei Index went from 15,340 on Tuesday to 14,872 on Wednesday and back up to close Friday at 15,198.【知识模块】 汉译英2 【正确答案】 Work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers was further

7、 intensified. The agricultural tax was rescinded in 28 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and the livestock tax was rescinded nationwide. We increased subsidies to grain producers and transfer payments to major grain-producing counties and financi

8、ally strapped counties, set floor prices for the purchase of key grain varieties in some major grain-producing areas, and increased rural incomes through a variety of channels. Last year, 297. 5 billion yuan from the Central Government budget was spent on agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Having

9、 risen considerably the previous year, total grain output rose again by 14. 54 million tons to 484. 01 million tons.【知识模块】 汉译英3 【正确答案】 For a long time, the developing countries have suffered from the unfair exchanges in the irrational international economic relationships. In recent years, their trad

10、ing conditions have further worsened with sharply diminishing export income, shrinking production investment, and the mounting debt burdens, and even the backflow of funds from poor countries to rich countries for many consecutive years. The trend of wealthy nations becoming wealthier and poor natio

11、ns becoming poorer has been more prominent than 10 years ago. This trend, if allowed to continue unchecked, will bring about more severe consequences to both developing countries and developed countries. The e-conomic development in the third world has become an urgent issue for the whole world. The

12、 existing international economic relationship should not be and could not be maintained without any change. To establish a new international economic order is a necessity of the modern times.【知识模块】 汉译英4 【正确答案】 Besides, we must make sure of more effective utilization of foreign capital. For example,

13、we must expand the range of businesses and geographical areas for reform and opening, and gradually open up such areas as commerce, foreign trade, finance, insurance, securities, telecommunications , tourism and intermediary services. We should also loosen our control over foreign investors in such

14、areas as technology transfer, the proportion of the domestically sold products and the proportion of shares in certain sectors, as well as encourage them to invest in agriculture, infrastructure, environmental protection, high and new technologies.Of course, we must also strive to attract transnatio

15、nal corporations to invest in China, especially in research and development projects as well as in the re-organization and reform of the state-owned enterprises. Development is the cardinal principle, and is the key to the solving of all our problems. Only by adhering to the policy of reform and ope

16、ning can we ensure sustained economic growth. And only by maintaining a fast economic growth on the basis of improved performance can we relieve the operational difficulties of enterprises, reduce the pressure of unemployment, promote economic restructuring, increase the state revenue, prevent finan

17、cial risks, and maintain social stability.【知识模块】 汉译英5 【正确答案】 Modern means of transportation, telecommunication and mass media have shortened the geographical distance of the world. The international community appears to be no more than a global village, in which people of different nations engage th

18、emselves in cultural exchange, while seeking common development in harmonious and respectful relationship. I think different cultures should learn from each other s strengths to offset their own weaknesses. However, we also have to understand that cultural exchange is by no means a process of losing

19、 one s own culture to a foreign one, but a process of enriching each other s national cultures. Of course, the culture of a nation must withhold its own distinctive national characteristics in its extensive exchange with other cultures, and make contributions to the development of human civilization.【知识模块】 汉译英