[外语类试卷]大学英语四级模拟试卷157（无答案）.doc

1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 157（无答案）一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: what Jobs Do College Graduates What to Take? You should write at least 120 words following the-outline given below in Chinese:Occupation Male FemaleTeaching 5% 45%Managers

2、 40% 15%Businessmen 30% 25%Lawyers 15% 10%1目前大学毕业生的择业情况2男、女学生就业选择的区别3我的观点二、Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark：Y (

3、for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.1 To Save Trees, Fighting One Alien Insect with OthersRusty Rhea sighs wistfully a

4、s he talks about the beauty and peace of standing amid a grove (小树林) of deep green hemlocks in Appalachia, some of them up to 160 feet (50 meters) tall and more than 500 years old.“This is a very special tree,“ said Rhea, an entomologist for the U.S. Forest Services Forest Health Protection program

5、in Asheville, North Carolina. “I was brought up here, and I dont want to see another species go by the wayside.“The evergreen trees, a hallmark of southern Appalachias national parks, are under attack by an invasive insect barely visible to the eye but potent enough to fell the giants of the eastern

6、 United States old-growth forests.Already the tiny bug from Japan, known as the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), has killed upward of 95 percent of the hemlocks in Virginias Shenandoah National Park. Now they are making their way through the half-million-plus-acre (200,000-plus-hectare) Great Smoky Mou

7、ntains National Park in North Carolina and Tennessee.The hemlocks shade streams, keeping water temperatures just right for brook trout(鲑鱼) and other fish. They also house birds such as the black-throated green warbler, solitary vireo, and northern goshawk, all three of which mainly shelter in stands

8、 of hemlock trees.Because of the insects broad impact on the entire ecosystem of southern Appalachia, HWA stands to cause wider damage than the American chestnut blight(枯萎病) of the early 1900s. That fungus from Europe killed off the once dominant chestnut trees from the northeast United States to th

9、e southern Appalachian Mountains.In addition, a species related to HWA, the balsam woolly adelgid, has already killed about 90 percent of the mature Fraser fir trees in the Smokies.Acting QuicklyHWA arrived in the U.S. Pacific Northwest via nursery plants from Japan in 1924. By 1951 the tiny invader

10、 had been found in Virginia. Since then the insect has spread to more than 15 U.S. states.The key to killing the HWA is to catch it early and act quickly. Its already well established in the Great Smoky Mountains, where Rhea and others are trying to stem the spread of the bugs.HWA multiply quickly:

11、All of the insects are females that reproduce asexually (无性地), laying several hundred eggs a year. When they get to the nymph, or crawler, stage, they are dormant from about June until October, after which they emerge and establish themselves on trees.Winds and birds and other animals spread the cra

12、wlers through the forest.HWA crawlers feed on the new growth of hemlocks by piercing the twigs that hold the branches, sucking the sap, and injecting toxic saliva. The needles turn from a deep green to a grayish green and eventually die, depriving the tree of nutrition from photosynthesis.An infecte

13、d tree usually dies within five years of initial attack. Infection is signaled by either a white, cottonlike material that appears along a trees twigs or by the “baldness“ of a trees upper branches.Plans of AttackIn the Pacific Northwest the hemlocks seem to be tolerant of the creatures feeding, and

14、 in the cold northeast, winters seem to keep them at bay. But in the warm southeast, with weather approximating that of the insects native Asian homes, they thrive.Chemical sprays-such as insecticidal soaps and horticultural oils as well as trunk or soil injections-have helped to kill some of the HW

15、A infestations.years at most. These methods cant be used conveniently or safely in remote areas or near the streams where hemlocks grow thickly.Long term, the best way to control the pests appears to be releasing other insects that feed exclusively on HWA. Scientists have studied HWA in Japan and Ch

16、ina and identified three such species. One of them, the Sasajiscymnus tsugae (St) beetle, was released in areas of Great Smoky Mountains National Park in 2002.Studying what controls a species in its native habitat-including climate, predators, and host resistance-provided clues about which insects t

17、o use against HWA, said Kristine Johnson. Based in Gatlinburg, Tennessee, Johnson is a supervisory forester for Great Smoky Mountains National Park.“Biological control is the only long-term hope to save the trees in the backcountry(穷乡僻壤),“ she said. “We have 800 square miles (2,100 square kilometers

18、) of contiguous wilderness. We value the native forest, and its entirely worth defending.“Risky BusinessReleasing one species of non-native bug to kill another could be risky business, potentially creating another type of infestation. But scientists first quarantined and studied the HWA-killer insec

19、ts.They believe the St beetles are the best answer to the HWA problem and that they wont cause side damage. This tiny black female beetle, the size of a poppy seed, is already spreading in the Great Smoky Mountains.But the beetle and other HWA-killer insects are seasonal, so it will take several dif

20、ferent ones operating year-round to keep HWA in check, Rhea said. He doesnt believe HWA will be completely eradicated (根除) but will instead be kept in balance by the predator insects. “Were trying to insert a balance in a system thats out of balance,“ he said.Each St beetle can lay 200 to 300 eggs,

21、said Ernest Bernard, professor of entomology and plant pathology at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville.Bernards laboratory is one of several that are breeding the beetles.“Each beetle eats hundreds of baby adelgids a year,“ he said. And about 120,000 of the beetles have been released in the pa

22、st couple years in the Smokies, but it is still too early to measure their impact.One good sign, Bernard said, is that some beetle larvae (幼虫) have been found in areas where they were not released, indicating that the HWA killers may be reproducing and spreading.2 The passage gives a general descrip

23、tion of an invasive insect, HWA.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG3 Hemlock is a hallmark of southern Appalachias national parks.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG4 The invasive insect, known as the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), is from Japan.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG5 The key to killing the HWA is to catch it early and act quickly.（A）Y（B） N（C） N

24、G6 An infected tree usually dies immediately.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG7 The Hemlock in the U.S. will be saved from HWA soon.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG8 The long term, best way to control the pests HWA is spraying.（A）Y（B） N（C） NG9 Since 1951 the HWA has spread to more than _.10 Releasing one species of non-native bug to

25、kill another could create _.11 It will take several different insects operating year-round to _.Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conve

26、rsation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.（A）The man doesnt want to see Mr.Williams.（B） Mr. Jones is in an inferior position to Mr. Williams

27、.（C） Mr. Jones used to be in charge.（D）Mr. Williams doesnt want to see the man.（A）They need to make more efforts.（B） The others have done the greater part of it.（C） Theyll have more work to do tomorrow.（D）Theyve finished more than half of it.（A）She felt very sorry.（B） She was in a hurry.（C） She felt

28、 a bit annoyed.（D）She was surprised.（A）The knife belongs to him.（B） The man once borrowed Bobs knife.（C） Bob should mind his own business.（D）Bobs knife isnt as good as that of the man.（A）Hell miss the meeting that afternoon.（B） He wont miss the meeting.（C） He cant have an appointment with the host.（

29、D）He is a hardworking man.（A）Because she didnt fulfill her promise.（B） Because she cant finish the job ahead of schedule.（C） Because her mother would be very angry.（D）Because she would be the last to finish the job.（A）He always talks on the phone for that long if its toll free.（B） They had so much f

30、ree time to talk on the phone for that long.（C） They talked on the phone for too long.（D）He wants to know what they talked about.（A）At a restaurant.（B） In the office.（C） At the cinema.（D）At a department store.（A）Once a week.（B） Three every month.（C） Five every month.（D）Two every month（A）When there a

31、re more than twelve people.（B） When there are five people.（C） When there are fifteen people.（D）When there are more than fifteen people.（A）Call the office.（B） sign your name on the notice board in advance.（C） Pay the money.（D）There is no need to reserve a place.（A）Memories of a recent storm.（B） How s

32、trong winds develop into a hurricane.（C） Weather patterns that can affect Florida.（D）Planning a summer vacation.（A）Late summer is sunny season.（B） Late summer is hurricane season.（C） Late summer is rainy season.（D）Late summer is cloudy season.（A）Wind speed.（B） Rainfall.（C） Water temperature.（D）Direc

33、tion of approach.（A）By name.（B） By number.（C） By location.（D）By month.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choos

34、e the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.（A）They were driven by steam engines.（B） They were pulled by riders themselves.（C） They were pulled by animals or humans.（D）There were totally unusable.（A）Steel cables.（B） An open carriage.（C） Guide rails.（D）Strong ropes.（A）A librarian.（B）

35、 A monitor.（C） A Chairman.（D）A lecturer.（A）Makes a speech.（B） Arranges topic to be discussed.（C） Plays a major role.（D）Sits there and listen.（A）Giving advice.（B） Discussion.（C） Presentation.（D）Independent thinking.（A）The speaker doesnt give any advice to the listeners.（B） The speaker prefers the sem

36、inar to the tutorial.（C） The speaker prefers the tutorial to the seminar.（D）The speaker gives much advice to the listener.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the

37、 passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just hear

38、d or write down the 32 When men returned from World War II and the postwar “baby boom“ began, Americans began to move in great numbers to the【B1】_ . A new model of a traditional family developed, and women were【B2】_ separated from men. Men generally went back into the city to work, and there was a s

39、trong【B3 】_ between work and home. Houses in the suburbs were far【B4】 _ from each other. These areas were all residential and there were no stores or businesses nearby. Women had to drive to buy food and to visit relatives and friends. All these factors【B5】_ to a sense of【B6】_ and to a feeling of se

40、paration Between the family and the outside world. At the same time【B7】_ developments gave American housewives many【B8】_ inventions such as dishwashers, vacuum cleaners, and frozen foods.【B9】_ . With more time on their hands, Americanwomen began to want to become more involved in social activities.【

41、B10】_ .Given the historical model of women who were active outside the home in building America,【B11】_ .33 【B1 】34 【B2 】35 【B3 】36 【B4 】37 【B5 】38 【B6 】39 【B7 】40 【B8 】41 【B9 】42 【B10 】43 【B11 】Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one w

42、ord for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may no

43、t use any of the words in the bank more than once.43 Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated 【S1】_ ? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask someone for a date?Many people are afraid to assert (表现) themselves. Dr. Albert

44、i thinks its because their self-respect is low. “Our whole 【S2】_ is designed to make people distrust themselves,“ says Alberti. “Theres always 【S3 】_ around-a parent, a teacher, a boss-who knows better. These superiors often gain when they chip ( 削弱 ) away at your self-image.“But Alberti and other s

45、cientists are doing something to help people 【S4 】_ themselves. They 【S5 】_ “assertiveness training“ courses-AT for short. In the AT courses people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be more 【S6】_ without hurting other p

46、eople.In one way, learning to speak out is to 【S7 】_ fear. A group taking a course will help the timid person to lose his fear. But AT uses an even stronger 【S8】_ -the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels.Whether or not you speak up for yourse

47、lf depends on your self-image. If someone you face is more “important“ than you, you may feel less of a person. You start to 【S9】_ your own good sense.You go by the other persons 【S10】_ . But, why should you? AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to Speak ou

48、t.A doubt B active C system D offer E unfairly F unfortunately G motive H imageI peace J demand K ask L superiorM overcome N confidence O roar44 【S1】45 【S2】46 【S3】47 【S4】48 【S5】49 【S6】50 【S7】51 【S8】52 【S9】53 【S10】Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by

49、some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.53 There are many ways of defining success. It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting o