[医学类试卷]2003年医学博士外语真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

1、2003 年医学博士外语真题试卷及答案与解析一、Section A（A）A shop assistant.（B） A physician.（C） A pediatrician.（D）An ophthalmologist.（A）To make a call to the hospital.（B） To go to the man s house immediately.（C） To expect the doctor s call.（D）To take a message.（A）There s only one point he doesn t understand.（B） He refuses

2、 to take any help.（C） These questions wont be on the exam.（D）He would like some help.（A）Dr. Smith isnt a good choice.（B） She s never been treated by Dr. Smith.（C） She s been sitting in the waiting room for too long.（D）She d like to recommend a magazine to the man.（A）The man has seen the fungi for th

3、ree times.（B） The man is not careful enough.（C） The man has been watching it for three days.（D）The man is the woman s teacher.（A）He was fired.（B） He was blamed for bad service.（C） He was promoted.（D）He was warned not to be late again.（A）People enjoy shopping in the drug store.（B） People spend little

4、 time in the drug store.（C） People who spent shorter time in the store are more likely to buy something there.（D）People spend too much time reading articles about quick cures sold there.（A）His computer doesn t work.（B） He doesnt understand his stuff working on computer.（C） He registered for the wron

5、g course.（D）He doesn t know how to apply the computer theories.（A）It is easy to take care of her three teenager boys.（B） Nancy s life is easy compared with the woman s.（C） Nancy lives a more difficult life.（D）Nancy would like to take care of her three boys.（A）New York.（B） San Francisco.（C） Seattle.（

6、D）San Diego.（A）Sunny bought a new computer.（B） Sunny got a bargain.（C） Mike bought a new computer.（D）Mike got a bargain.（A）The patient is ringing a bell.（B） Her name sounds beautiful.（C） Nancy Johnson is ringing the bell now.（D）Her name sounds familiar.（A）The woman doesnt like orange juice.（B） The w

7、oman forgot to buy orange juice.（C） The man was in a car crash this morning.（D）The man broke the container of juice.（A）John is a plumber.（B） John was too busy to come.（C） John was not at home when the woman called.（D）The woman dialed the wrong number.（A）His luck hasnt been good.（B） He is a lucky man

8、.（C） He decided not to do the lottery again.（D）He doesnt care about money.二、Section B（A）Bridge-building experts.（B） Washington Roebling.（C） John Roebling.（D）The Roeblings.（A）Only the Roeblings had confidence in it.（B） It came up against financial problems.（C） Experts showed great interest.（D）It took

9、 John Roeblings 13 years to complete the project.（A）He was killed at the building site.（B） He was injured in a traffic accident.（C） He was seriously eyesight-damaged.（D）He was seriously brain-damaged.（A）His language.（B） His limbs.（C） His brain.（D）His mind.（A）Because the project was spectacular.（B） B

10、ecause the project seemed impossible.（C） Because the building instructions were given with one finger.（D）All of the above.（A）The American population increased by 40 percent.（B） So many school children died of polio in the nation.（C） A polio plague swept the nation.（D）A polio vaccine was developed.（A

11、）A vaccine for polio.（B） A rare form of cancer.（C） A disease similar to AIDS.（D）A virus from monkeys.（A）They were at risk of getting cancer.（B） they became victims of poliomyelitis.（C） They were involved in a medical investigation.（D）They were injected with tainted vaccines.（A）30 percent.（B） 40 perc

12、ent.（C） 50 percent.（D）60 percent.（A）All the injections given 40 years ago were contaminated.（B） The contaminated vaccines may cause cancer in humans.（C） Vaccines are responsible for brain tumors.（D）Brain tumors had increased by 40% .（A）1969.（B） 1977.（C） 1997.（D）2000（A）To help answer parents question

13、s about children s growth.（B） To separate fat babies from normal ones.（C） To revise the familiar childrens growth chart.（D）To identify whether a person is overweight.（A）It can differentiate between fat babies and thin.（B） It can identify a child s possibility of growing fat from babyhood.（C） It can

14、give parents some advice on children s diet.（D）It can remind parents of something they neglected in their childhood.（A）When his BMI is at 23rd percentile or above.（B） When his BMI is at 75th percentile or above.（C） When his BMI is at 95th percentile or above.（D）When his BMI is at 97th percentile or

15、above.（A）Setting a good example for their children.（B） Disciplining their children.（C） Reflecting the nature of modern-day life.（D）Changing their children s health behavior.三、Section A31 Sometimes you can get quite_when you are trying to communicate with someone in English.（A）frustrated（B） depressed

16、（C） approved（D）distracted32 The company has_itself to a policy of equal opportunity for all.（A）promised（B） committed（C） attributed（D）converted33 I havent met anyone_the new tax plan.（A）in honor of（B） in search of（C） in place of（D）in favor of34 Salk won_as the scientist who developed the world s firs

17、t effective vaccine against polio.（A）accomplishment（B） qualification（C） eminence（D）patent35 This software can be_to the needs of each customer.（A）tailored（B） administrated（C） entailed（D）accustomed36 The average commercial business can shut down in such an emergency but a hospital doesn t dare for li

18、ves are_.（A）in circulation（B） under consideration（C） on hand（D）at stake37 As we need plain, _ food for the body, so we must have serious reading for the mind.（A）wholesome（B） diet（C） tasteful（D）edible38 He never gave much thought to the additional kilograms he had_lately.（A）shown up（B） piled up（C） pu

19、t on（D）taken on39 The teacher tried hard to read the_handwriting in her students test papers.（A）irregular（B） illiterate（C） illegible（D）irrational40 A coronary disease is the widely-used term _ insufficiency of blood supply to the heart.（A）denoting（B） donating（C） relating（D）resorting四、Section B41 Hum

20、ans are using up the world s natural riches at an alarming rate.（A）appalling（B） appealing（C） alert（D）abnormal42 Drinking water in many areas of the developing world is contaminated with bacteria.（A）purified（B） multiplied（C） tainted（D）blended43 One of the most noticeable features of U. S. society is

21、the diversity of its people.（A）liberty（B） democracy（C） variety（D）origin44 The controversy about abortion has been going on in the United States for more than twenty years.（A）resentment（B） consensus（C） notion（D）dispute45 As human settlements advance, the tropical forests are retreating and becoming s

22、maller every year.（A）retrieving（B） sprawling（C） consuming（D）withdrawing46 The war s impact on the population of the country was catastrophic.（A）influential（B） disastrous（C） apparent（D）critical47 His physician told him not to take too much of the drug because it was very potent.（A）bitter（B） irritant（

23、C） effective（D）powerful48 Certain drugs can cause transient side effects, such as sleepiness.（A）permanent（B） residual（C） irreversible（D）fleeting49 Nervous illness may stem from being treated inconsiderately in childhood.（A）complain of（B） give rise to（C） originate in（D）dominate over50 Both a person s

24、 heredity and his surroundings help to shape his character.（A）form（B） correct（C） modify（D）improve五、Part Cloze50 There were red faces at one of Britain s biggest banks recently. They had accepted a telephone order to buy $ 100,000 worth of shares from a fifteen-year-old schoolboy(they thought he was

25、twenty-one). The shares fell in value and the schoolboy was unable to【C1】_The band lost $ 20,000 on the【C2】_that it cannot get back because, for one thing, this young speculator does not have the money and, for another,【C3】_under eighteen, he is not legally liable for his debts. If the shares had ri

26、sen in value by the same amount that they fell, he would have pocketed $ 20,000【C4 】_Not bad for a fifteen-year-old. It certainly is better than【C5】_the morning newspaper. In another recent case, a boy of fourteen found, in his grandfather s house, a suitcase full of foreign banknotes. The clean, cr

27、isp banknotes looked very【C6】_but they were now not used in their country of origin or anywhere else. This young boy【C7】_straight to the nearest bank with his pockets filled with notes. The cashiers did not realize that the country in【C8 】_had reduced the value of its currency by 90%. They exchanged

28、 the notes at their face value at the current exchange rate. In three days, before he was found out, he took $200,000 from nine different banks.【C9 】_, he had already spent more than half of this on taxi-rides, restaurant meals, concert tickets and presents for his many new girlfriends(at least he w

29、as generous!)before the police caught up with him. Because he is also under eighteen the banks have【 C10】_a lot of money, and several cashiers have lost their jobs.51 【C1 】（A）payoff（B） pay up（C） pay for（D）payout52 【C2 】（A）principle（B） criterion（C） custom（D）deal53 【C3 】（A）to be（B） having been（C） bein

30、g（D）is54 【C4 】（A）profit（B） advantage（C） benefit（D）commission55 【C5 】（A）sending（B） transmitting（C） delivering（D）dispatching56 【C6 】（A）convincing（B） valuable（C） unusual（D）priceless57 【C7 】（A）came（B） pulled（C） headed（D）pushed58 【C8 】（A）problem（B） question（C） talk（D）saying59 【C9 】（A）Interestingly（B） Unf

31、ortunately（C） Particularly（D）Amazingly60 【C10 】（A）kissed goodbye（B） got rid of（C） lived up to（D）made up for六、Part Reading Comprehension60 In a society where all aspects of our lives are dictated by scientific advances in technology, science is the essence of our existence. Without the vast advances

32、made by chemists, physicists, biologists , geologists and other diligent scientists, our standards of living would decline, our flourishing wealthy nation might come to an economic depression, and our people would suffer from diseases that could not be cured. As a society we ignorantly take advantag

33、e of the amenities provided by science , yet our lives would be altered interminably without them.Health care, one of the aspects of our society that separates us from our archaic ancestors, is founded exclusively on scientific discoveries and advances. Without the vaccines created by doctors , dise

34、ases such as polio, measles, hepatitis, and the flu would pose a threat to our citizens, for although some of these diseases may not be deadly, their side effects can be a vast detriment to an individual affected with the disease.In addition, science has developed perhaps the most awe-inspiring vita

35、l invention in the history of the world, the computer. Without the presence of this machine our world could exist, but the conveniences brought into life by the computer are unparalleled.Despite the greatness of present-day innovators and scientism and their revelations, it is requisite to examine t

36、he amenities of science that our culture so blatantly disregards. For instance, the light bulb, electricity, the telephone, running water, and the automobile are present-day staples of our society, however, they were not present until scientists discovered them.Because of the contribution of scienti

37、sts, our world is ever metamorphosing, and this metamorphosis economically and personally comprises our society, whether our society is cognizant of this or not.61 In the first paragraph the author implies that we_.（A）would not survive without science（B） take the amenities of science for granted（C）

38、could have raised the standards of living with science（D）would be free of disease because of scientific with advances62 The author uses health care and vaccines to illustrate_.（A）how science has been developed（B） what science means to society（C） what the nature of science is（D）how disease affects so

39、ciety63 Nothing, according to the author, can match the invention of the computer in terms of_.（A）power（B） novelty（C） benefits（D）complexity64 The author seems to be unhappy about_.（A）people s ignorance of their culture（B） people s ignoring the amenities of science（C） people s making no contributions

40、 to society（D）people s misunderstanding of scientific advances65 The author s tone in the passage is_.（A）critical（B） cognizant（C） appreciative（D）paradoxical65 Biotechnology is expected to bring important advances in medical diagnosis and therapy, in solving food problems, in energy saving, in enviro

41、nmentally compatible industrial and agricultural production, and in specially targeted environmental protection projects. Genetically altered microorganisms can break down a wide range of pollutants by being used, for example, in bio-filters and wastewater-treatment facilities, and in the clean-up o

42、f polluted sites. Genetically modified organisms can also alleviate environmental burdens by reducing the need for pesticides, fertilizers, and medications.Sustainability, as a strategic aim, involves optimizing the interactions between nature, society, and the economy, in accordance with ecological

43、 criteria. Political leaders and scientists alike face the challenge of recognizing interrelationships and interactions between ecological, economic and social factors and taking account of these factors when seeking solution strategies. To meet this challenge , decision-makers require interdiscipli

44、nary approaches and strategies that cut across political lines. Environmental discussions must become more objective, and this includes, especially, debates about the risks of new technologies, which are often ideologically charged. In light of the complex issues involved in sustainable development,

45、 we need clearer standards for orienting and assessing our environmental policies.Sustainable development can succeed only if all areas of the political sector, of society, and of science accept the concept and work together to implement it. A common basic understanding of environmental ethics is ne

46、eded to ensure that protection of the natural foundation of life becomes a major consideration in all political and individual action. A dialogue among representatives of all sectors of society is needed if appropriate environmental policies are to be devised and implemented.66 Biotechnology_.（A）can

47、 help save energy and integrate industry and agriculture（B） can rid humans of diseases and solve food problems（C） can treat pollution and protect environment（D）all of the above67 Wastewater can be treated_.（A）in genetic engineering（B） by means of biotechnology（C） in agriculture as well as in industr

48、y（D）without the need for breaking down pollutants68 When he says approaches and strategies that cut across political lines, the author means that they_.（A）involve economic issues（B） observe ecological criteria（C） are politically significant（D）overcome political barriers69 It can be inferred from the

49、 passage that the complexity of sustainable development_.（A）makes it necessary to improve the assessing standards（B） renders environmental discussion possible（C） charges new technologies with risks（D）requires simplification70 The success of sustainable development lies in_.（A）its concept to be（B） good social teamwork（C） appropriate environmental policies（D）the representatives of all sectors of society