[专升本类试卷]2002年江苏专转本（英语）真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

1、2002 年江苏专转本（英语）真题试卷及答案与解析0 In Washington D. C. , 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue is a very special address. It is the address of the White House, the home of the President of the United States. Originally the White House was gray and was called the Presidential Palace. It was built from 1792 to 1800. At th

2、is time, the city of Washington itself was being built. It was to be the nations new capital city. George Washington, the first President, and Pierre Charles LEnfant, a French engineer, chose the place for the new city. LEnfant then planned the city. The Presidents home was an important part of the

3、plan. A contest was held to pick a design for the Presidents home. An architect named James Hoban won. He designed a large three-story house of gray stone. President Washington never lived in the Presidential Palace. The first President to live there was John Adams, the second President of the Unite

4、d States, and his wife. Mrs. Adams did not really like her new house. In her letters, she often complained about the cold. Fifty fireplaces were not enough to keep the house warm. In 1812 the United States and Britain went to war. In 1814 the British invaded Washington. They burned many buildings, i

5、ncluding the Presidential Palace. After the war James Hoban, the original architect, partially rebuilt the Presidents home. To cover the marks of the fire, the building was painted white. Before long it became known as the White House. The White House is one of the most popular tourist attractions i

6、n the United States. Every year more than 1. 5 million visitors go through the five rooms that are open to the public.1 The White House was built in Washington_.（A）because a French engineer was invited to design it（B） because President George Washington liked to live in it（C） because the British inv

7、aders lived in it in 18121814（D）because it was to be the nations capital city2 The Presidential Palace was_.（A）painted gray and white（B） made of gray stone（C） made of white stone（D）made very warm in winter3 The Presidents home and the city of Washington were_.（A）built by the American army（B） built b

8、y the British troops（C） planned by George Washington（D）planned by the French4 The original home of the President needed to be rebuilt_.（A）because John Adams wife did not like it（B） because it was cold in winter even with 50 fireplaces（C） because it had burned down during the war（D）because George Was

9、hington was not willing to live in it5 The new presidential home was painted white to _.（A）cover the marks of fire（B） attract tourists from France（C） to please Mrs. John Adams（D）keep it warm in winter5 There are two kinds of memory: short-term and long-term. Information in longterm memory can be rem

10、embered at a later time when it is needed. The information may be kept for days or weeks. However, information in short-term memory is kept for only a few seconds, usually by repeating the information over and over. The following experiment shows how short-term memory has been studied. Henning studi

11、ed how students who are learning English as a second language remember vocabulary. The subjects in his experiment were 75 college students. They represented all levels of ability in English; beginning, intermediate, advanced, and native-speaking students. To begin, the subjects listened to a recordi

12、ng of a native speaker reading a paragraph in English. Following the recording, the subjects took a 15-question test to see which words they remembered. Each question had four choices. The subjects had to circle the word they had heard in the recording. Some of the questions had four choices that so

13、und alike. For example, weather, whether, wither, and wetter are four words that sound alike. Some of the questions had four choices that have the same meaning. Method, way, manner, and system would be four words with the same meaning. Finally the subjects took a language proficiency test. Henning f

14、ound that students with a lower proficiency in English made more of their mistakes on words that sound alike; students with a higher proficiency made more of their mistakes on words that have the same meaning. Hennings results suggest that beginning students hold the sound of words in their short-te

15、rm memory, while advanced students hold the meaning of words in their short-term memory. 6 Henning made the experiment in order to study _.（A）how students remember English vocabulary by short-term memory（B） how students learnEnglish vocabulary（C） how to develop students ability in English（D）how long

16、 information in short-term memory is kept7 Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?（A）Information in short term memory is different from that in long-term memory.（B） Long-term memory can be achieved only by training.（C） It is easier to test short-term memory than long-term

17、 memory.（D）Henning gave a separate test on vocabulary to his students. 8 From Hennings results we can see that_.（A）beginners have difficulty distinguishing the pronunciation of words（B） advanced students remember words by their meaning（C） it is difficult to remember words that sound alike（D）it is di

18、fficult to remember words that have the same meaning9 The word “subject“ in the passage means_.（A）the college course the students take（B） the theme of the listening material（C） a branch of knowledge studied（D）the student experimented on10 The passage centers on_.（A）memory（B） two kinds of memory（C） s

19、hort-term memory（D）an experiment on students10 The cowboy is the hero of many movies. He is, even today, a symbol of courage and adventure. But what was the life of the cowboy really like?The cowboys job is clear from the word cowboy. Cowboys were men who took care of cows and other cattle. The catt

20、le were in the West and in Texas. People in the cities of the East wanted beef from these cattle. Trains could take the cattle east. But first the cattle had to get to the trains. Part of the cowboys job was to take the cattle hundreds of miles to the railroad towns. The trips were called cattle dri

21、ves. A cattle drive usually took several months. Cowboys rode for sixteen hours a day. Because they rode so much, each cowboy brought along about eight horses. A cowboy changed horses several times each day. The cowboys had to make sure that the cattle arrived safely. Before starting on a drive, the

22、 cowboys branded the cattle. They burned a mark on the cattle to show who they belonged to. But these marks didnt stop rustlers, or cattle thieves. Cowboys had to protect the cattle from rustlers. Rustlers made the dangerous trip even more dangerous. Even though their work was very difficult and dan

23、gerous, cowboys did not earn much money. They were paid badly. Yet cowboys liked their way of life. They lived in a wild and open country. They lived a life of adventure and freedom.11 A cowboy is a symbol of_.（A）courage and adventure（B） a hard life and big pay（C） movies in the past（D）cows and other

24、 cattle12 The cowboys job was_.（A）to be a hero in real life（B） to be a hero of the movie（C） to take care of cattle（D）to be a dangerous rusder13 During a cattle drive, cowboys took a group of cows from a wild and open country to（A）the West states and Texas（B） the cities of the East States（C） the peop

25、le who eat beef in the cities（D）the railroad towns hundred miles away14 On their way of cattle drives, the cowboys protected the cattle by_.（A）burning a mark on their cows（B） keeping an eye on catde thieves（C） making the trip more dangerous（D）looking after eight cows each person15 Cowboys enjoyed th

26、emselves because_.（A）they liked their way of life（B） they made a lot of money（C） they had a very difficult job（D）they were heroes in movies15 Successful innovations have driven many older technologies to extinction and have resulted in higher productivity, greater consumption of energy, increased de

27、mand for raw materials, accelerated flow of materials through the economy and increased quantities of metals and other substances in use each person. The history of industrial development abounds with examples. In 1870, horses and mules were the prime source of power on U. S. farms. One horse or mul

28、e was required to support four human beingsa ratio that remained almost constant for many decades. At that time, had a national commission been asked to forecast the horse and the population for 1970, its answer probably would have depended on whether its consultants were of an economic or technolog

29、ical turn of mind. Had they been “economists“ , they would probably have projected the 1970 horse or mule population to be more than 50 million. Had they been “technologists“, they would have recognized that the power of steam had already been harnessed to industry and to land and ocean transport. T

30、hey would have recognized further that it would be the prime source of power on the farm. It would have been difficult for them to avoid the conclusion that the horse and mule population would decline rapidly.16 According to the passage, what supplied most of the power on U. S. farms in 170?（A）Anima

31、ls.（B） Humans.（C） Engines.（D）Water. 17 Which of the following is not mentioned by the author as a consequence of new technological developments?（A）Older technologies die away.（B） The quality of life is improved.（C） Overall productivity increases.（D）More raw materials become necessary. 18 It can be i

32、nferred from the passage that by 170_.（A）technology began to be more economical（B） the steam engine had been invented（C） the U. S. horse population was about 10 million（D）a national commission on agriculture had been established19 In the second paragraph, the author suggests that “economists“ would_

33、.（A）plan the economy through yearly forecasts（B） fail to consider the influence of technological innovation（C） value the economic contribution of farm animals（D）consult the national commission on the economy20 What is the authors attitude toward changes brought on by technological innovations?（A）He

34、is excited about them.（B） He accepts them as natural.（C） He is disturbed by them.（D）He questions their usefulness. 二、Vocabulary and Structure21 _the difficulties associated with the project, well go on with it.（A）Given（B） In spite of（C） Thanks to（D）Because of22 It was almost dark in the streets_ a f

35、ew very powerful spotlights.（A）excluding（B） but for（C） except（D）except for23 _today, he would get there by Friday.（A）Would he leave（B） If he leaves（C） Was he leaving（D）Were he to leave24 He gave me some very_advice on buying a house.（A）precious（B） expensive（C） wealthy（D）dear25 His goal is not to bec

36、ome a sportsman_a champion in a certain field.（A）but rather became（B） but rather to become（C） but rather becoming（D）but rather to becoming26 I just met her_on the way home from the bookstore.（A）on purpose（B） by accident（C） in accident（D）in case27 I dont know about him, _comment on him behind his bac

37、k.（A）let alone（B） let go（C） leave alone（D）take leave28 My transistor radio is out of order. It_.（A）need to be repaired（B） need repairing（C） needs repairing（D）needs to repair29 No one could tell us anything about the_strangers.（A）conscious（B） mysterious（C） serious（D）previous30 Mary_all foolish commen

38、ts and kept on working.（A）excluded（B） ignored（C） denied（D）discharged31 I agree with him_, but not entirely.（A）until a certain point（B） to some point（C） to some extent（D）until a certain extent32 People in some parts of the world often take their water for_. They use as much water as they wish.（A）gran

39、ted（B） sure（C） certain（D）pleasure33 Color-blind people often find it difficult to_between blue and green.（A）separate（B） compare（C） contrast（D）distinguish34 Thousands of people in the city_to welcome the visiting guests.（A）turned off（B） turned up（C） turned out（D）turned over35 The mountain place is be

40、autiful, but_the working conditions, it is terrible.（A）when mentioned（B） when it comes to（C） when it is said（D）when it dies to36 Are you_spending more money on the space program?（A）in favor of（B） by favor of（C） in favor to（D）out of favor37 In the _ of many parents, standards of education in the publ

41、ic school are actually falling.（A）idea（B） thought（C） opinion（D）principle38 _from space, our earth, with water covering 70% of its surface, appears as a “blue planet“.（A）Seeing（B） To be seen（C） Seen（D）Having seen39 This years total output value of industry and agriculture will increase _5 percent ove

42、r last year.（A）by（B） to（C） of（D）with40 Mary is the top student in the class. She studies harder_.（A）than any student（B） than all the students（C） than any other student（D）than some other student41 Many people have applied for the _position.（A）empty（B） bare（C） vacant（D）blank42 My new shoes cost me 50

43、yuan (RMB). The price was_that of the last pair I bought a month ago.（A）two time more than（B） twice as much as（C） as twice（D）as much as twice43 Almost everyone failed_on the first day.（A）pass his driving test（B） to have passed his driving test（C） to pass his driving test（D）passing his driving test44

44、 Over the traditional festival people visit each other and_greetings.（A）exchange（B） wish（C） congratulate（D）present45 It was_ because he was tired out that he fell asleep standing up.（A）publicly（B） openly（C） specifically（D）obviously46 The young man was accused of_the lady of her money.（A）stealing（B）

45、robbing（C） taking（D）grasping47 No matter where our Party needs us, we will_her call.（A）give answer for（B） respond to（C） have response to（D）answer to48 It is astonishing that a person of your intelligence_ be cheated so easily,（A）could（B） should（C） might（D）would49 We were completely_when we finally r

46、eached the destination.（A）worn off（B） worn down（C） worn out（D）worn away50 Many things_impossible in the past are common today.（A）considered（B） to consider（C） considering（D）to be considered51 Not until many years later_known.（A）was the whole truth become（B） did the whole truth become（C） the whole tru

47、th became（D）the whole truth had become52 We didnt know his telephone number, otherwise we_him.（A）would telephone（B） would have telephoned（C） had telephoned（D）must have telephoned53 There is no point_with him, since he has already made up his mind.（A）argue（B） to argue（C） in arguing（D）of arguing54 I a

48、ppreciate _that letter for me.（A）you to write（B） your writing（C） you write（D）that you writing55 Id like to_a special seat for the concert of May （A）serve（B） reserve（C） preserve（D）conserve56 _that your son is well again, you no longer have anything to worry about.（A）Since（B） Now（C） When（D）After57 Generally speaking, all kinds of materials will expand when heated but will_ when cooled.（A）contrast（B） contract（C） survive（D）return58 You wont know if it fits you until you_it on.（A）will try（B） are trying（C） are to try（D）have tried59 After all efforts in vain, he had to accept the result_.（A）regula