1、2016 年 4 月全国自考(现代英语语法)真题试卷及答案与解析一、Choose the best answer from the choices given and blacken the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.1 The Niagara Falls_long been a popular tourist destination, boosted by a number of movies. ( )(A)have(B) having(C) had(D)havent2 There is nothing mor
2、e wonderful in the world than swimming with a_of fish around you. ( )(A)sack(B) sheet(C) staff(D)school3 There are stores on_sides of the square. ( )(A)both(B) every(C) each(D)all4 You have not at all read my points carefully and_the same mistakes. ( )(A)continuously repeat(B) continuously repeated(
3、C) are continuously repeating(D)continuously repeating5 Then you will come to a level plain, in which the Nile _ round an island named Tachompso. ( )(A)flows(B) flow(C) is flowing(D)flowing6 He _ hurt last year early in the playoffs and never came back. ( )(A)got(B) were(C) be(D)has got7 I have repe
4、atedly recommended that our social security system _cover many of the occupations. ( )(A)being extended(B) extended to(C) had extended to(D)be extended to8 Reading books is a neat way of coming up with new ideas because one_create all the ideas by oneself. ( )(A)doesnt have to(B) mustnt(C) ought not
5、 to(D)shouldnt9 Peter pulled up his collar so high that you_have seen his head from behind if you had been there. ( )(A)wouldnt(B) mustnt(C) couldnt(D)shouldnt10 Unfortunately, we lost our way, and had to make _with our rather limited vocabulary of traffic signals. ( )(A)do(B) to do(C) doing(D)to be
6、 done11 I remember_his algebra course which was held in a lecture theatre filled with about 400 students. ( )(A)attended(B) have attended(C) to attend(D)attending12 As long as the balcony doors remained _, it wasnt that big of an issue. ( )(A)closed(B) closing(C) to close(D)close13 Where did you get
7、 the_car? ( )(A)new white powerful German(B) new powerful white German(C) German powerful new white(D)powerful new white German14 An individual can not deprive a man _ his right to vote, to hold property, to buy and sell. ( )(A)in(B) of(C) on(D)with15 His invisible attributes,_,his eternal power and
8、 divine nature, have been clearly perceived. ( )(A)namely(B) equally(C) incidentally(D)consequently16 During my childhood, I always lingered at the theater _my mother worked. ( )(A)that(B) where(C) which(D)in that17 To improve peoples living environment, considerably cutting carbon emissions has bec
9、ome something_the leadership must achieve as soon as possible. ( )(A)which(B) that(C) of which(D)in which18 Youre here because either you or someone you know_been diagnosed as type diabetic. ( )(A)are(B) had(C) has(D)have19 It is possible to write a personal testament at home, _a person has adequate
10、 literacy. ( )(A)assuming(B) unless(C) so(D)except20 Under no circumstances_ any secret or detail of a military operation. ( )(A)reveal we will(B) we will reveal(C) will we reveal(D)we reveal二、Fill in the blanks on the ANSWER SHEET with one of the items given.21 American,Americans,Americas; have,is,
11、are_film revenue, including box office receipts, cinema advertising and home video expenditure,_set to grow at an estimated annual rate of 14. 5 percent.22 at, for,to; but,while, whenU. S. investment in China has amounted _ nearly US $ 100 billion,_Chinese investment in the U. S. has also grown.23 s
12、tared, stare, staring; that, those, themShe cried in desperation,her eyes_at him like_of a wild animal.24 ranged, range, ranges; used, use, usingEnergy efficient products_from light bulbs_half the normal amount of energy to computers or TV sets that power down when not in use.25 more early , earlier
13、, early; warm, warmly, warmth The sourness of a moment_was gone, a _ and gratitude replacing it.26 made, were making ,were made ; in,to,onExperiments_to adapt this variety of shrimp _ fresh water.27 which, who, that; bacteria, bacterium, baceteriasIt was so large and complex _ they initially assumed
14、 it was a_.28 whose,his,that;have been ,be,isMy special gratitude goes to Professor Weir,without_help this project would_impossible.29 has not been ,have not been ,had not been ; would be , would have been , will beIf printing_invented, we would not have books and civilization _thousands of years be
15、hind.30 were kept, were keeping, kept, ignorant, ignorance, ignorantlyThe workers_in complete_of the companys financial situation.三、Fill in the blanks on the ANSWER SHEET with an item as required.31 With a determiner:As is required,_ the papers should be turned in before the end of the month.32 With
16、 a determiner:since the two applicants are both under the age of 18,_ is eligible for the job.33 With a determiner:_number of errors made by the dictionary compiler was astonishing. He should have been more careful.34 With a determiner:Birds will come back again and again to _ given spot for food an
17、d water.35 With a modal verb:If he had been more careful, he _ have made such a silly mistake.36 With a modal verb:Theres no doubt that the world_be a duller place without artificial food colouring, but might it also be a safer place?37 With a modal verb:Have some water. You _ be thirsty after all t
18、hat gardening.38 With an appropriate preposition:The last time, we had a family reunion was _ my brothers wedding ceremony three years ago.39 With an appropriate preposition:Many scientists predict that extreme weather events will increase both_intensity and frequency as the planet warms.40 With an
19、appropriate preposition:Tom is not good at sports, but when it comes _ computer games he is the best among his friends.41 With an appropriate preposition:Over the years, a large number of overseas students have studied at this university_the result that it had gained a very good international reputa
20、tion.42 With an appropriate relative pronoun or relative adverb:Peter eventually found a place in the cellar_he used as his first workshop.43 With an appropriate relative pronoun or relative adverb:The project on_they have been working for two years is a total failure.44 With an appropriate relative
21、 pronoun or relative adverb:The teapot was fashioned like a duck, out of_open mouth the tea was supposed to come.45 With an appropriate relative pronoun or relative adverb:The business of the company has reached a point_a change is needed.46 With an appropriate coordinator or subordinator: Try it ag
22、ain,_you are sure to win.47 With an appropriate coordinator or subordinator:The news_the prime minister was resigning proved to be incorrect.48 With a question tag:There has not been a great reaction to the new policy,_?49 With a question tag:Your mother must be looking forward to your return,_?50 W
23、ith a question tag:I dont think he is a suitable candidate for the job,_?四、Rewrite the following sentences as required.51 Using passive voice:They expect the court debate to continue into next week.52 Using passive voice:Well have to put off our picnic if it rains tomorrow.53 Using a modal auxiliary
24、:It is possible that the company will offer you a good salary.54 Using a non-finite verb form:The students consider that he is a good teacher.55 Using a non-finite verb form:The girl regrets that she has jumped from a bungee cord.56 Using a simple preposition:We crossed the river by ferry, and the b
25、us accompanied us.57 Using a disjunct:It is hoped that the report will soon be issued to the public.58 Using a relative clause:He is a straight A student. His brother is not a straight A student.59 Using a relative clause:You sent my daughter a lovely gift. Thank you very much.60 Using coordination:
26、Access to the cabin is given by a personal card, which also serves as a credit card for everything you buy on board, including drinks. There is no need to carry each.61 Using subordination:You are in doubt about the deductions on your tax return. Call the IRS collect.62 Using transferred negation:I
27、think that he will not tell you the truth.63 Adding a suitable tag:Youd rather I didnt show up these days.64 Using extraposition:Whether she will stay at home or go for a trip is none of your business.65 Using inversion:A homeless man sat on the corner of the street.五、Answer the following question.
28、66 Modal verbs are special verbs which behave very differently from normal verbs. Please list a couple of differences.六、Define the following terms with examples. 67 conversion68 preposition2016 年 4 月全国自考(现代英语语法)真题试卷答案与解析一、Choose the best answer from the choices given and blacken the corresponding le
29、tter A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.1 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 山脉、瀑布、岛屿等地理名词常常被当作复数。这些名词作主语时,谓语动词要用复数,如 the Alps,the highlands, the Himalayas,Niagara Falls 等。答案为 A。2 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 本题考查单位名词。a school of fish 一群(小) 鱼,很多,a school ofa lot of。答案为 D。3 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 the square(广场)是四面的,所以排除仅指两边的 both。选项 B 和C 后跟单数名
30、词。答案为 D。4 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 现在进行体和表示高频率的副词always,constantly,continually,continuously , all the time 等连用时,失去了表示暂时性的语义含义,而经常被用来表示一种独特的习惯。答案为 C。5 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 表示客观事实用一般现在时。句意为:然后你会来到一个平坦的平原;在那里,尼罗河环绕一座名叫 Tachompso 的岛屿而流。答案为 A。6 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 由时间状语 last year 得知,谓语动词应用一般过去时表示过去。答案为 A。7 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 动词
31、demand,insist ,recommend,require ,suggest 等引导 that分句时,分句中谓语动词通常用原形,又因为分句中主语 our social security 和谓语动词间是逻辑动宾关系,应用被动语态,所以应选(should)be extended to,其中should 通常可省略。答案为 D。8 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 本题考查 have to,must,ought to 和 should 这四个情态助动词否定用法的比较。should not do 表示说话人根据自己判断的什么是对的什么是错的基础上做出的建议;ought not to do 表达的是谴
32、责或警告或反对; must not do 在用作非推测意义时,表示的“非必要性”是说话人的主观意志;have not to 侧重表达客观的“非必要”。结合语境得知,题干强调的是一种客观非必要。答案为 A。9 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 句意:彼得把衣领拉得如此高,以至即便你当时在那里,从后面也看不到他的脑袋。从句意判断,填空处表达的是一种能力,前面用的是过去时,后面也应用过去时。could 是 can 的过去式,表能力时是非推测意义。答案为 C。10 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 有些动词,如 see,hear ,make, let,have 等,后接宾语+不带 to的不定式。答案为 A。1
33、1 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 remember 后既可跟动词一 ing 形式,也可以跟不定式,但两种形式表达的意义不同。remember doing sth表示记得做过某事(已经发生了),remember to sth表示记着要去做某事(未发生)。从题干 which 分句提供的信息判断,应该是参加过了才知道这些的。答案为 D。12 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 动词appear,be,become ,feel,go,grow ,keep,look,remain,seem 等,后面跟一 ed 分词作主语补语。本题中,closed 在条件分句中作主语 the balcony doors 的补语
34、。答案为 A。13 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 前置修饰形容词划分为四个区域,分别是:第一区域是表示强调意义的形容词,如 powerful;第二区域是表示可分等级的形容词,如 new;第三区域是表示颜色的形容词和分词,如 white;第四区域是表示类属的形容词,如German。答案为 D。14 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 本题考查动词和介词的搭配。deprive of 意为“剥夺某人的”,在教材附录 P379 有举例。答案为 B。15 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 本题考查解释一连接性状语。这类状语是对前面内容的解释,表示解释的词语有 namely,specifically ,for ex
35、ample,for instance,in other words,that is,that is to say 等。答案为 A。16 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 关系分句中 in 不和 that 合用,排除选项 D。关系分句中,所填关系词在分句中不作句子主要成分,而是作状语,应选关系副词。答案为 B。17 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 在all,everything,something ,anything ,nothing,none,little ,few,much 等词后,关系代词 that 比 which 常用。答案为 B。18 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 分析句子结构可知,关系分句
36、 you know 是 someone 的后置定语,根据就近一致原则,been 前的谓语动词应与 someone 一致,应用单数形式。句子未体现过去的时间概念,排除选项 B。答案为 C。19 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 本题考查从属连接词的词义比较。Assuming 如果,unless 除非,so因此,except 除了。通读句子,填入 “如果”含义的词较为通顺。旬意为:如果一个人有足够的文化水平,是可以在家立一份私人遗嘱的。答案为 A。20 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 本题考查部分倒装。部分倒装是指当否定项置于句首时,将谓语的部分,即操作词移到主语之前,如本题中的 will。答案为 C。
37、二、Fill in the blanks on the ANSWER SHEET with one of the items given.21 【正确答案】 Americans,is【试题解析】 American 强调民族,即 nationrace;Americas 强调国家,即state;没有 Americans 的表达方式。财政收入归国家所有,第一个空应选Americas。金钱作主语时,谓语动词用单词。答案为 Americans,is 。22 【正确答案】 to,while【试题解析】 第一个空考查动词和介词的搭配,在教材 P377 有举例说明。第二个空考查对比状语 while 的用法。答
38、案为 to,while。23 【正确答案】 staring,those【试题解析】 第一个空考查一 ing 分词。因为逗号前已经有一个主谓宾齐全的主句,后面的分句应作伴随状语。分句中谓语和主语是逻辑主谓关系,应用动词一ing 形式。第二个空考查的是指示代词的一致。those 指代的是 her eyes。答案为staring,those。24 【正确答案】 range, using【试题解析】 本句较长,句子结构较为复杂,需仔细分析句子结构。主语是energy efficient products(节能产品),谓语是 rang fromto(范围从到),light bulbs 后词组是其后置定语
39、,that 从句是 computers or TV sets 的关系分句。句意为:节能产品的范围包括从只耗费正常能量一半的节能灯,到不用时自动掉电的电脑和电视。句子陈述的是一般事实,第一空用一般现在时表现在。第二空的动词与其修饰词是逻辑动宾关系,用动词一 ing 形式。答案为 range,using。25 【正确答案】 earlier,warmth【试题解析】 句意:刚才的愤怒已经消散了,取而代之的是脉脉温情和衷心的感激。第一个空需填形容词的比较级,与后面的分句形成对比,early 的比较级是变y 为 i 后加 er;第二空需填名词,与 and 后的名词 gratitude 形成 replac
40、ing 的逻辑主语。答案为 earlier,warmth。26 【正确答案】 were made,to【试题解析】 句意:人们进行了一些试验来使这种虾适应于淡水。谓语动词make 与主语 experiments 是逻辑动宾关系,应用被动态。 adapt to(使适应于),考查动词和介词的固定搭配,教材 P377 有举例。答案为 were made,to。 27 【正确答案】 that,bacterium【试题解析】 第一个空考查的是 sothat(如此以至)结构。第二个空考查的是名词的数,名词 bacterium(细菌)的复数形式是 bacteria,而不是bacterias。第二个空考查不规
41、则复数名词,因空前有不定冠词 a 修饰,应选名词单数形式。答案为 that,bacterium。28 【正确答案】 whose,have been【试题解析】 句意:我特别感谢 Weir(威尔)教授;没自他的帮助,这个工程是不可能完成的。表示“他的“含义的词有 whose 和 his,但因 without 前是逗号,即后面的句子是前面的关系分句,所以应选 whose。第二个空考查 would 表达假设时的用法。答案为 whose,have been。29 【正确答案】 had not been,would be【试题解析】 句意:如果没有发明印刷术,我们将不会有书本,人类文明也会落后几千年。本
42、题考查过去完成体的假设用法。表示对过去的假设时,在 if,if only,as if 等引导的分句中用 had(not)v-ed 结构。并列连词 and 连接并列结构,前面是 would not have,根据句意,后面应是选肯定的 would be。答案为 had not been,would be。30 【正确答案】 were kept,ignorance【试题解析】 谓语动词 keep 和主语 the workers 是逻辑动宾关系,应选被动态结构。形容词后、介词 of 前应选用名词形式。句意:工人们完全不了解公司的财政情况。答案为 were kept,ignorance。三、Fill
43、in the blanks on the ANSWER SHEET with an item as required.31 【正确答案】 all【试题解析】 通读句子得知应填入“所有”含义的词。表示这一概念的词有 all 和whole,all 位于定冠词 the 前,whole 位于定冠词 the 后。答案为 all。32 【正确答案】 neither【试题解析】 两者的否定用 neither。答案为 neither。33 【正确答案】 The【试题解析】 the number of 指“的数量”,固定搭配。errors 后有后置定语made by 词组的修饰,这里 the 表特指。答案为 T
44、he。34 【正确答案】 a【试题解析】 a given spot 某个给定的地点。答案为 a。35 【正确答案】 wouldnt【试题解析】 本题考查 if 虚拟句中情态助动词的用法。在这种句型中, if 条件句中通常用过去完成体用法,表示对过去的假设。句意为:如果他之前更加小心,他将不可能犯了如此愚蠢的错误。答案为 wouldnt。36 【正确答案】 would【试题解析】 本题考查对现在事实的假设,这种情况下主句的情态助动词常用would。答案为 would。 37 【正确答案】 must【试题解析】 由短语 after all that gardening(干完花园里所有的活)判断,这
45、里应是有根据的、非常肯定的猜测。答案为 must。38 【正确答案】 at【试题解析】 在某人的婚礼上用介词 at。答案为 at。39 【正确答案】 in【试题解析】 句意:许多科学家预言,随着地球变暖,无论是在强度方面还是在频率方面,极端的天气事件都将会增加。“在方面”用介词 in。答案为 in。 40 【正确答案】 to【试题解析】 本题考查动词和介词的搭配。come to 的含义及用法比较多,在本句中为“谈到,涉及”的意思。答案为 to。41 【正确答案】 with【试题解析】 with the result that(因此,以致) ,固定搭配,with 在此表原因。句意:这些年来,许多
46、海外学者在这所大学就读,以致这所大学获得了良好的国际声誉。答案为 with。42 【正确答案】 which that【试题解析】 先行项为 cellar(地窖,地下室),在后面的关系分句中作 use 的宾语,可用关系代词 which 或 that。答案为 whichthat。43 【正确答案】 which【试题解析】 如果关系代词作介词补语,代词的选择取决于介词的位置。本题中,与关系分句中动词work 搭配的介词 on 位于先行词 the project 后,且先行项为“物”,应用关系代词 which。答案为 which。44 【正确答案】 of which【试题解析】 whose 在从句中作
47、定语,修饰表示人或物的先行词,表示先行词和从句中某个名词的所属关系,意为“的”。当 whose 修饰物时,它相当于 of which,答案为 of which。45 【正确答案】 where【试题解析】 因关系词在后面的关系分句中不作句子的主要成分,应选关系副词where 或 when。由先行项 a point 判断,应用关系副词 where。答案为 where。46 【正确答案】 and【试题解析】 与相关的并列连接词相比,and 的功能最多,它可以表示事物发展的时间顺序、因果关系、条件、对比、类同、追加、重复或连续的动作。本题中and 表示条件。答案为 and。47 【正确答案】 that
48、【试题解析】 本题考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。that 从句作 the news 的同位语。that 在从句中不作句子任何成分,只起连接作用,不可以省略。答案为 that。48 【正确答案】 has there【试题解析】 附加疑问句由陈述句加简短附加问句构成。附加问句由操作词和主语构成,与陈述部分的主语和助动词相呼应。本句中,陈述部分主语是 there,助动词是 has,陈述部分是否定形式,附加部分应用肯定形式。答案为 has there。49 【正确答案】 mustnt sheisnt she【试题解析】 主语+must be 的推测性陈述句有两种附加形式,分别是 must not+主语或 is not+主语。本句中陈述部分的主语是 your mother,为避免重复,应用代词 she 替代。答案为 mustnt sheisnt she 。50 【正确答案】 is she【试题解析】 当陈述部分是 I do not thinksuppose+宾语分句时,否定的只是宾语分句部分,因此本题的附加疑问句为肯
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