山西省大同市铁路一中2017_2018学年高一英语上学期期末考试试卷（含解析）.doc

1、- 1 -2017-2018 学年高一第一学期期末测试题高一英语(考试时间 100 分钟) 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分 60 分)第一节(共 15 小题, 每小题 3 分,满分 45 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上相应位置将该项涂黑。AAt thirteen, I was diagnosed（诊断）with a kind of attention disorder. It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I cou

2、ld not.In my first literature class, Mrs. Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it, all within 45 minutes. I raised my hand right away and said, “Mrs. Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to do it.”She glanced down at me through her glasses, “you

3、are not different from your classmates, young man.”I tried, but I didnt finish the reading when the bell rang. I had to take it home.In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind couldnt get mu

4、ch education. But Louis didnt give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots（点）, which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.Wasnt I the “blind” in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students? My thoughts spilled out(溢出) and my pen started to dance. I com

5、pleted the task within 40 minutes. Indeed, I was not different from others; I just needed a quieter place. If Louis could find his way out of his problems, why should I ever give up?- 2 -I didnt expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to

6、me the next day- with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words:“See what you can do when you keep trying?”1. The author didn t finish the reading in class because_.A. He was new to the class B. He was tired of literatureC. He had an attention disorder D. He wanted to take the task h

7、ome2. What do we know about Louis Braille from the passage?A. He had good sight B. He learned a lot from schoolC. He gave up reading D. He made a great invention.3. What was Mrs.Smiths attitude to the author at the end of the story?A. Angry B. ImpatientC. Encouraging D. Sympathetic4. What is the mai

8、n idea of the passage?A. One can find his way out of difficulties with efforts.B. teacher can open up a new world to students.C. Everyone needs a hand when faced with challenges.D. The disabled should be treated with respect.【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A【解析】本文为记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者患有一种注意力障碍的病症，不能集中精力于所做的事情，也不愿努力。

9、想放弃时，受 Louise Braile 故事的激励，终于克服困难很好地完成作业并得到老师的认可的故事【1 题详解】细节理解题。细节理解题根据第一段的 I was diagnosed with a kind of attentiondisorderWhen everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks，I couldnot可知作者患有一种注意力障碍的病症，当班上的每个人都专注于任务时，他不能所以作者在专注于任务时有困难，故选 C 项。【2 题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段提到 it was about a blind person, Louis

10、e Braile,和 Instead - 3 -, he invented a reading system of raised dots，which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind 可知 Louise Braile 是个盲人，发明了盲文。所以这是他的一个发明。分析选项可知，D 项符合题意。【3 题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段提到 so it was a surprise when it came back to me the next daywith an “A”当我看到作业上 A 时，非常的吃惊，史密斯小姐对我的

11、态度是令人鼓励的，故选 C。【4 题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述作者被诊断出患有某种注意力障碍，不能集中精力于所做的事情，不想努力，在 Louise Braile 故事的激励和老师的帮助下，终于克服困难很好地完成作业并得到老师高度认可的故事所以文章的主要内容是：一个人可以通过努力找到困难的出路故选 A 项。BIm a strong believer that learning different languages makes you look incredibly good when youre in a foreign country and can understand and spe

12、ak the language. The list below is 4 apps that will help you learn a foreign language! You can download them for free.Babbel Learn LanguagesBabbel is an excellent language tool to help you progress step by step with learning a new language. It helps you learn grammar along the way as you work your w

13、ay through the tasks and assignments. You need to pay a monthly subscription(定金), but this will still be cheaper than taking physical lessons with a tutor!Duolingo: Learn Languages FreeThe app has many languages to choose from and will work through the basics all the way to advanced words and senten

14、ces. Its all completely free too! Its incredibly well designed, looks great and will help you learn, remember and progress with just a little bit of time every day.Tandem: Language ExchangeRather than have you work through tasks and memorize different things, the - 4 -app lets you match with people

15、who share your interests but speak the language you want to learn. You can then have text, voice and video conversations with people who want to learn your native language, and in return you learn theirs, all by simply communicating with each other. Its a great way to learn with only $1 a day.Learn

16、English busuuThis app is perfect if you want to learn English. There are all sorts of audio and visual learning aids. Youll find yourself working through interactive tests and learning tools for vocabulary and dialogue.5. What is the purpose of the passage?A. Sell apps to language learners. B. Intro

17、duce language learning apps.C. Teach language learners to use apps. D. Teach languages through apps.6. Which app suits best if you want to learn through communication?A. Babbel Learn Languages B. Tandem: Language ExchangeC. Duolingo: Learn Languages Free D. Learn English busuu7. What is Duolingo dif

18、ferent from the other three apps?A. It is completely free to use. B. It is specially for English learning.C. It is unsuitable for beginners. D. It is the most effective（有效的）app.8. What do the apps have in common?A. They cover all languages. B. They focus on grammar.C. They contain many tests. D. The

19、y are free to download.【答案】5. B 6. B 7. A 8. D【解析】【分析】本文为应用文。主要向人们推荐语言学习应用程序，它们是免费下载。【5 题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后两句“The list below is 4 apps that will help you learn a foreign language! You can download them for free.” 本句意为“下面列出的4 个应用程序将帮助你学习一门外语”！可知，本文的目的是向人们推荐语言学习应用程序，故选 B 项。- 5 -【6 题详解】细节理解题。根据“Tandem: L

20、anguage Exchange 中的“You can then have text, voice and video conversations with people who want to learn your native language, and in return you learn theirs, all by simply communicating with each other. ”可知如果你想通过交流学习，Tandem: Language Exchange 最适合。因此选 B 项。【7 题详解】细节理解题。根据 Duolingo: Learn Languages Fre

21、e 中的“The app has many languages to choose from and will work through the basics all the way to advanced words and sentences. Its all completely free too! ”可知，Duolingo 与其它三个 apps 相比，它全部是完全免费的。故选 A 项。【8 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“You can download them for free”可知这些应用程序的共同点是可“免费下载” ，因此选 D 项。【点睛】每篇文章都会有一个主旨要义。

22、主旨要义型题范围一般包括：短文标题、主题大意或段落大意等。此题型要求考生在理解文章后归纳文章要点，概括中心思想。概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，考生需要分析文章的篇章结构，抓住文章的开头或结尾，从而找出能概括文章的主题句。找出主题句，抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心。如本题中的第 1 小题属于主旨大意题。分析整个文章可知，第一段最后两句“The list below is 4 apps that will help you learn a foreign language! You can download them for free.” 本句意为“下面列出的 4 个

23、应用程序将帮助你学习一门外语”！可知，本文的目的是向人们推荐语言学习应用程序，从面找到正确答案为 B 项。要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。CTwenty-five years ago, most young Britons wanted a career in law, to be a doctor, or, if they were creative enough, to take u

24、p singing. But today, things stand differently.According to a survey by Tesco Mobile, a UK company, the “dream job” of - 6 -young people aged between 16 and 25 in the UK is a video blogger, or “vlogger”. The survey, carried out among 1,002 people, found that as much as 40 percent of them put vlogger

25、 as their number one choice on a list of ideal careers.This change is undoubtedly as a result of the Internet and social media. They have made it so much easier to reach audience of the world, without having to enter a career in show business in the traditional way.In the past, the biggest stars wer

26、e trained by the Hollywood studios; now, anyone with a computer camera can become a star. Vloggers are the big stars of today because they are normal people interacting with their fans about everyday life.”However, what people see is only the bright side of being a vlogger and they fail to notice th

27、e fact that only those who are successful earn fame(名声) and fortune. For every success there are hundreds of others who never get off the starting line. There are the dreams that come true and the dreams that remain dreams forever.Although being vloggers is popular, some young people choose to follo

28、w careers that dont necessarily earn them fame, but allow them to make good use of the Internet to share their hobbies. Young Israeli David Leshaw, for example, runs a business called the Finishers Club. Its an online platform for runners to keep a record of their races. His job allows him to expres

29、s his enthusiasm, and is always a learning experience. And thats enough for him.9. What is the passage mainly about?A. Most young Britons choose to be vloggers as their job.B. The Internet is influencing young Britions career choice.C. The Internet is taking the place of traditional studios.D. Young

30、 Britons can not find jobs without the Internet.10. Why do more and more young Britons choose to be vloggers?A. Vloggers can earn greater fame and more money on the Internet.B. There is too much competition in the traditional show business.- 7 -C. The Internet makes it convenient to enter show busin

31、ess.D. Anyone with a computer will surely become a star.11. What can we infer from the fifth paragraph?A. Only a few vloggers can be successful.B. A vlogger can not earn fame and fortune.C. People often see the bright side of being a vlogger.D. Dreams will always remain to be dreams.12. What do youn

32、g people like David do on the Internet?A. Learn from others. B. Become an online hit.C. Hold running races. D. Mix jobs with hobbies.【答案】9. B 10. C 11. A 12. D【解析】本文介绍英国年轻人的梦想职业。【9 题详解】B主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句 The survey, carried out among 1,002 people, found that as much as 40 percent of them put vlogger a

33、s their number one choice on a list of ideal careers.和第三段第一句 This change is undoubtedly as a result of the Internet and social media.可知，互联网正影响着年轻 Britions 的事业选择。故选B。【10 题详解】C推理判断题。根据第三段 This change is undoubtedly as a result of the Internet and social media. They have made it so much easier to reach

34、 audience of the world, without having to enter a career in show business in the traditional way.可知，互联网使进入演艺圈更方便。故选 C。【11 题详解】A推理判断题。根据第五段第一句 what people see is only the bright side of being a vlogger and they fail to notice the fact that only those who are successful earn - 8 -fame(名声) and fortune.

35、可知，只有几个视频博主可以成功。故选 A。【12 题详解】D推理判断题。根据最后一段中 Young Israeli David Leshaw, for example, runs a business called the Finishers Club. Its an online platform for runners to keep a record of their races. His job allows him to express his enthusiasm, and is always a learning experience. And thats enough for

36、him.可知，像 David 这样的年轻人把工作和业余爱好结合在一起。故选 D。DChildren grow quickly, especially their feet, but many families cannot buy new shoes each time a child needs them. As a result, about 300 million children around the world go barefoot. Those children risk picking up diseases and parasites(寄生虫) from the soil.A

37、n American man may have a solution for those barefoot kidsa shoe that grows with the child. Kenton Lee is the creator of The Shoe That Grows. He explains how the shoe works and how it is able to last so long.“It grows in three places: the front; it can also grow on the side with Velcro; and on the b

38、ack with our buckle. It can last up to five years. The bottom is compressed(压缩的) rubber like tire rubber. The top is just high-quality leather.” The shoe comes in two sizes: small that fits children aged 4 to 9 and large for children aged 9 to 14.Lee says he got the idea for the shoe while working a

39、s a volunteer in an orphanage in Kenya.“and there was a little girl in a white dress walking next to me. And I just remember looking down and seeing how small her shoes were. They were so small that she had to cut open the front of her shoes to let her toes stick out. And I just remember thinking, “

40、Wouldnt it be nice if there were a pair of shoes that could grow with her feet?”However, Lee says it was not easy to turn his idea into a reality. “I kept writing down I should do this because of this or because of that.” Finally, in 2009 Lee founded a non-profit organization called Because Internat

41、ional. In the - 9 -office of Because International, Lee keeps a pair of his own shoes to help him remember his promise. “I told myself I would not get new shoes until the idea was done. So, those are the shoes that I wore for a little over five years.”13. Which of the following is the characteristic

42、 of the newly invented shoes?A. They are more expensive. B. They are not so comfortable.C. They can grow with a child. D. They come in different sizes.14. Who is this kind of newly invented shoes intended for?A. All the teenagers. B. Children aged 4 to 14.C. Middle-aged women in Africa. D. Senior ci

43、tizens with low income.15. Why does Kenton Lee keep a pair of his own shoes in the office?A. To remind him of his promise. B. To copy the design of them.C. To get a change conveniently. D. To use them as an example.【答案】13. C 14. B 15. A【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文。Kenton Lee 在一次去肯尼亚的访问中看到许多穷孩子买不起鞋，于是他花费了几年的时间为 4

44、到 14 岁的孩子设计了一款结实耐穿，能随着孩子的成长变化的鞋。【13 题详解】细节推理题。根据第三段“It grows in three places: the front; it can also grow on the side with Velcro; and on the back with our buckle. It can last up to five years. The bottom is compressed rubber like tire rubber. The top is just high-quality leather.” The shoe comes in

45、 two sizes: small that fits children aged 4 to 9 and large for children aged 9 to 14.由内容可得出，这种新型鞋很结实耐穿，能随着孩子的成长变化。故选 C。【14 题详解】细节推理题。根据第三段 The shoe comes in two sizes: small that fits children aged 4 to 9 and large for children aged 9 to 14.可知，这种鞋是为 4 到 14 岁的孩子设计的，分析选项可知 B 项符合题意，故选 B。【15 题详解】细节推理题。根

46、据最后一段 In the office of Because International, Lee keeps a pair - 10 -of his own shoes to help him remember his promise.可知，他带去了一双鞋是为了提醒他记着自己的诺言。分析选项可知 A 项符合题意，故选 A。【点睛】细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化

47、题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如 for example, first, second等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实； 将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如第 1 小题根据第三段“It grows in three places: the front; it can also grow on the side with Velcro; and o

48、n the back with our buckle. It can last up to five years. The bottom is compressed rubber like tire rubber. The top is just high-quality leather.” The shoe comes in two sizes: small that fits children aged 4 to 9 and large for children aged 9 to 14.可知这种新型鞋很结实耐穿，能随着孩子的成长变化。故选 C。第2 小题根据第三段 The shoe co

49、mes in two sizes: small that fits children aged 4 to 9 and large for children aged 9 to 14.可知这种鞋是为 4 到 14 岁的孩子设计的，故选B。第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 3 分,满分 15 分)根据短文内,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyone knows that fish is good for health._16_But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult. _17_This text is about how to buy and coo