2018年中考英语真题分类汇编题型2完形真空专项训练五事物介绍（含解析）.doc

1、1专 项 训 练 五 事 物 介 绍时间：710 分钟/篇 分值：1 分/小题Cloze 1(2018益阳)Every school has its own rules. In some schools in Asia, students _1_ smoke or talk loudly. In some schools in America, each child must look after their _2_. They should cover the books. But one _3_ is very popular around the world: students have

2、 to wear _4_ on weekdays. Many students dont like to wear the school uniforms _5_ they think the uniforms are the most ugly clothes in the world, but schools dont let their students wear _6_ own clothes at school. Some students _7_ beautiful pictures or their favorite stars on their uniforms, becaus

3、e they dont want to wear the _8_ clothes. What do you think _9_ it? Do you _10_ your school uniform?( )1. A. cant B. dont C. neednt( )2. A. family B. books C. parents( )3. A. school B. class C. rule( )4. A. shirts B. uniforms C. sweaters( )5. A. because B. when C. before( )6. A. they B. their C. the

4、m( )7. A. read B. write C. draw( )8. A. good B. same C. cheap( )9. A. for B. with C. of( )10. A. like B. make C. washCloze 2(2018湘西)Food is important. Everyone needs to eat _1_ if he wants to have a strong body. Our minds also need a kind of food. This kind is _2_. We begin to get knowledge even whe

5、n we are young. Small children are _3_ in everything around them. They learn something while they _4_ and listening. When they are getting older, they begin _5_ story books, science books.anything they like. When they find _6_， they have to ask questions to try to get the answers.What is the best _7

6、_ to get knowledge? If we learn by ourselves, we _8_ the most knowledge. _9_ we are always getting answers from _10_ and dont ask why, well never learn more or understand better.( )1. A. good B. nice C. well( )2. A. knowledge B. meet C. sport( )3. A. interesting B. interested C. weak( )4. A. watch B

7、. watching C. are watching( )5. A. to look B. to learn C. to read( )6. A. anything new B. something new C. new something( )7. A. school B. way C. place( )8. A. get B. getting C. will get( )9. A. If B. Where C. What( )10. A. other B. others C. another2Cloze 3(2018来宾)We live in a forest in Zambia(赞比亚)

8、. There arent any neighbor _1_ nearby. And this community school is about an hours drive from our home. It _2_ 169 students from Grade 1 to Grade 7. There are four teachers in the school. They are volunteers and they teach students _3_ getting any money. But sometimes students will give _4_ teachers

9、 some chicken and corn. There are over 70 languages in Zambia.English is the most popular and _5_ of the students can speak English.There is no running water in the school and the water pump(水泵) is broken. Teachers and students cant _6_ it for two months. So they have to _7_ their water from a nearb

10、y river. During school holidays, it always rains _8_ and the grass grows taller and taller. When school opens again, students will _9_ the grass and the school ground.Most children in Zambia go to the community schools _10_ other schools are too far for them to go. They like their schools and they l

11、ove their teachers.( )1. A. restaurants B. classrooms C. schools D. libraries( )2. A. serves for B. serves C. works D. works with( )3. A. of B. with C. for D. without( )4. A. their B. his C. her D. your( )5. A. best B. more C. many D. most( )6. A. dig B. use C. fill D. solve( )7. A. send B. touch C.

12、 get D. borrow( )8. A. heavily B. loudly C. quietly D. comfortably( )9. A. raise B. cut C. clean D. choose( )10. A. if B. because C. unless D. soCloze 4(2018甘肃通用卷)Computers are now as commonly used in business as the telephone. Therefore, its important that people know how _1_ them efficiently(有效地).

13、 Now, you and your whole team are _2_ to do this on your computer in the simplest waytaking our online courses. And then you can learn and practice _3_ yourself.The person _4_ appears on the screen acts as your teacher, guiding you through the tasks _5_ explaining everything. Then more difficult exe

14、rcises allow you to practice the things you _6_ learned and test your understanding._7_ courses are excellent valueonly 69.99 pounds. You _8_ save yourself money if you buy the complete collection of seven courses. This is now available at the retail(零售 )_9_ of 410 pounds. You can make a _10_ saving

15、 of 10% by ordering the complete collection within the next thirty days.( )1. A. to use B. use C. using D. used( )2. A. able B. unable C. ably D. disable( )3. A. to B. in C. by D. on( )4. A. which B. who C. what D. whom( )5. A. or B. but C. and D. nor( )6. A. had B. have C. has D. having3( )7. A. Th

16、ese B. Each C. Every D. Either( )8. A. must B. ought C. need D. can( )9. A. money B. worth C. shop D. price( )10. A. far B. further C. close D. closerCloze 5(2018苏州)The earliest maps were probably drawn in the Middle East. Some of these maps have _1_ and they show us the people at that time thought

17、the earth flat(平的). As time went by, the pictures became more detailed and maps were more _2_ made. Later on, ancient Greeks(希腊人 )used their _3_ of math and science to make maps. Greek maps tell us the Greeks knew the world was _4_From simple pictures, mapmaking has turned into a science. Maps are m

18、ade _5_ surveying(勘测)land. In the 1900s, people around the world started to share information to make _6_ maps. With the help of the photographs taken from the sky and space, maps are now more exactly made than ever. _7_ the world is always changing, we will always need new maps.There are many types

19、 of maps, but almost all use _8_ and pictures to describe what a place is like when the map is made. A map usually tells what the pictures _9_. Some maps may show the whole world. A road map will help you know the _10_ from one place to another. Other maps may use pictures to show the temperature an

20、d population in different places.( )1. A. disappeared B. survived C. gone D. left( )2. A. slowly B. simply C. correctly D. carelessly( )3. A. knowledge B. courage C. energy D. challenge( )4. A. long B. small C. square D. round( )5. A. into B. by C. of D. from( )6. A. cleaner B. lighter C. better D.

21、older( )7. A. Though B. So C. Unless D. Since( )8. A. sounds B. models C. words D. stories( )9. A. stand for B. go for C. ask for D. wait for( )10. A. weather B. distance C. feature D. cultureCloze 6(2018呼和浩特)You may think that English dictionaries have been used for many, many centuries. In fact, a

22、n English dictionary you _1_ today wasnt made until the Qing Dynasty(清朝). Three men did most of the important _2_ work on dictionaries. They spent nearly all their lives trying to _3_words for their dictionaries. For them, it was a wonderful journey. The largest dictionary in the world is the Oxford

23、 English Dictionary. The _4_ for this dictionary came from an important meeting in Britain in 1857. Twentytwo years later, Oxford University asked James Murray to be the editor(编者) of its new dictionary.Murray had never been to _5_. At the age of fourteen, he left his village school in Scotland and

24、taught himself while working in a bank._6_ he became a great teacher. After Oxford gave him the job, Murray had a small house_7_ in his garden to do the work. Every morning, Murray got out of bed at five oclock and _8_ in the small house several hours before breakfast. Often he 4would work into the

25、night. Murray hoped to finish the new dictionary in ten years. But after five years, he was _9_ adding words for the letter “A”！ He worked on the dictionary _10_ he was very old.Fortyfour years later, in 1928, other editors finished the dictionary.( )1. A. write B. use C. copy D. miss( )2. A. early

26、B. boring C. easy D. difficult( )3. A. spell B. collect C. invent D. make( )4. A. way B. use C. idea D. prize( )5. A. school B. cinema C. village D. college( )6. A. Ever since B. Since then C. So far D. Later( )7. A. built B. sold C. broken D. drawn( )8. A. read B. wrote C. worked D. thought( )9. A.

27、 already B. still C. usually D. always( )10. A. if B. because C. until D. unlessCloze 7(2018曲靖)In the 1920s, a poor, young painter was making a living in Kansas on his own. He used an old garage(车库) as his workplace. He worked _1_ day and night.However, he was not _2_ in the garage. There were mice,

28、 too. Every night when he tried to sleep, the mice made lots of noise. But he was too tired to drive them away.One day, a little mouse came to the painter. It looked at him directly. Its small eyes were _3_“It must be _4_， too.” The painter gave the little mouse some bread. The mouse ate it and went

29、 away.“It will be back， ” the painter thought.The next day, the little mouse came _5_. The painter gave it some bread another time. The little mouse danced on the floor happily.After that, the little mouse came to the painter every day. The painter _6_ it very much. He even allowed it to dance on hi

30、s drawing board. At that time, the little mouse was his only friend.Later, the painter got a job in Hollywood. He had to design(设计) a _7_ for an animal cartoon. He thought and thought, _8_ he had no ideas.Then the picture of the little mouse dancing on his drawing board came to his mind. He quickly

31、_9_ his brush. With a few strokes(笔画), _10_ cartoon character in historyMickey Mousewas born.As you know, the name of the poor young painter was Walt Disney.( )1. A. hardly B. hard C. bored D. interesting( )2. A. along B. lonely C. alone D. long( )3. A. shone B. to shine C. shine D. shining( )4. A.

32、hungry B. cold C. thirsty D. sleepy( )5. A. down B. away C. off D. again( )6. A. liked B. disliked C. hated D. scared( )7. A. brush B. character C. gift D. sign5( )8. A. or B. so C. but D. and( )9. A. put up B. looked up C. gave up D. picked up( )10. A. great B. the greatest C. greater D. more great

33、Cloze 8(2018新疆建设兵团)You may think there is only sand in the desert (沙漠) of the world, _1_ it is not true. In the desert, as we know, there is a little _2_， but it is not _3_ for most plants. Still we can see some plants live in the desert. There is _4_ in some places in the desert. We call these plac

34、es oases (绿洲). In the oases, there are villages and towns. People grow all kinds of crops in the fields there.People _5_ live outside the oases. They have camels, sheep and other animals. These animals depend on the desert plants for their food and do not need _6_ water.The animals are useful to the

35、 desert people in many ways. They eat the meat and drink the milk of the animals. They use the camels for carrying water, food, tents and something else. The people of the desert have to keep moving from place to place. They must always _7_ grass or desert plants for their animals. When there is no

36、more food for their animals, they move to _8_ place. The desert people are _9_. No man in the desert would ever _10_ to help the people in trouble and give them food and water. ( )1. A. and B. but C. or D. so( )2. A. rain B. rains C. wind D. winds( )3. A. well enough B. enough wellC. good enough D.

37、enough good( )4. A. sand B. plants C. woods D. water( )5. A. also B. too C. either D. still( )6. A. a little B. too many C. too much D. some( )7. A. look at B. look for C. look up D. look after( )8. A. other B. the other C. others D. another( )9. A. well B. friend C. friendly D. carefully( )10. A. a

38、gree B. refuse C. promise D. wantCloze 9(2018桂林)The universe is really mystical(神秘的). Scientists have done lots of study about it but there is still much they havent discovered.Scientists think that there _1_ life on the earth for many many years. However, we havent found life on any other planets _

39、2_There are eight planets going around the sun. The earth is one of them. There are humans, animals, plants and many other kinds of life on the earth. There is water and air, too. And compared to the other planets, the earth is not too _3_ or too cold. None of seven other planets has an environment

40、like that of the earth.The sun and its planets are called the solar system, and our solar system is a small part of a _4_ larger group of stars and planets, called the Galaxy 6or the Milky Way. There are _5_ stars in the Galaxy, and our sun is only one of them.Scientists have also discovered many ot

41、her galaxies in the universe. Their light has to travel for many years to reach us. So _6_ is the universe? It is impossible to imagine.Scientists have sent spaceships to the planet Mars _7_ photos. They have even sent spaceships to travel outside _8_. However, no spaceship has travelled _9_ to reac

42、h other stars in our Galaxy.When we see stars twinkling(闪耀) in the sky at night, we may think a lot: _10_ so many stars in the universe, is there life out there in space? If there is life on other planets, what life will be like there? What transports do they use to travel? Why dont they visit us? W

43、e do not know the answers.( )1. A. is going to be B. are going to beC. has been D. have been( )2. A. yet B. already C. still D. just( )3. A. cool B. warm C. hot D. wet( )4. A. most B. more C. many D. much( )5. A. 200 billions of B. 200 billion of C. billions of D. billion of( )6. A. how large B. how

44、 far C. how wide D. how long( )7. A. taking B. to take C. take D. took( )8. A. Mars B. the sunC. the earth D. the solar system( )9. A. enough far B. far enough C. enough close D. close enough( )10. A. with B. without C. by D. on, 小 词 典)1efficiently adv.有效地 2.retail n零售 3.flat adj.平的4Greek n希腊人 5.sur

45、vey v勘测 6.Qing Dynasty 清朝7editor n编者 8.desert n沙漠 9oasis ( pl.oases) n. 绿洲 10.mystical adj.神秘的 11twinkle v闪耀 12.garage n车库13design v设计 14.stroke n笔画 专项训练五 事物介绍Cloze 1【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中主要谈论学生们对校服的不同态度。1. A【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：在亚洲一些学校，学生们吸烟或者大声喧哗。分析语境可知此处指学生不能吸烟或者大声喧哗。故选 A。2. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在美国一些学校里，每个孩子

46、必须照看他们的。family家庭；books 书；parents 父母。联系后一句“They should cover the books.”可知此处指每个孩子必须照看好他们的书。故选 B。3. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是有一个在全世界都很流行。school 学校；class班级；rule 规定。联系后两句可知此处指一项有关穿校服的规定，故选 C。74. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在周内学生们必须穿。shirts 衬衫；uniforms校服；sweaters 毛衣。联系后一句中“school uniforms”可知此处指学生们必须穿校服。故选 B。5. A【解析】考查连词词

47、义辨析。句意：许多学生不喜欢穿校服，他们认为校服是世界上最丑陋的衣服。because 因为；when 当时；before 在之前。联系上下文语境可知此处连词表示因果关系，后半句为原因，故选 A。6. B【解析】考查代词的用法。句意：但是学校不让它们的学生在学校穿自己的衣服。联系空后“own clothes”可知此处指他们自己的衣服。故选 B。7. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些学生在他们的校服上漂亮的图案或者他们最喜欢的明星。read 阅读；write 写；draw 画。联系空后“beautiful pictures”可知此处指画画，故选 C。8. B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：

48、因为他们不想穿着衣服。good 好的；same相同的；cheap 便宜的。根据常识可知校服都是统一的样式和颜色，故此处指相同的衣服。故选 B。9. C【解析】考查介词固定搭配。句意：你觉得它怎么样？根据语境及空前“think”可知此处考查固定短语 think of“想起，认为” 。故选 C。10. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你你的校服吗？like 喜欢；make 制作，使得；wash洗。阅读短文可知这篇短文主要谈到了学生们对于校服的态度，联系前两句可知此处指“你喜欢你的校服吗” 。故选 A。Cloze 2【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了知识对丰富我们大脑的重要性，同时介绍了学到

49、知识的最好方法。1. C【解析】考查形容词和副词混合辨析。句意：每个人都需要吃，如果他想要有一个强健的身体。good 好的(形容词); nice 美好的(形容词)；well 好(副词)，健康的(形容词)。分析句子结构可知缺少修饰动词 eat的副词，故选 C。2. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种便是。knowledge 知识，学问；meet 运动会，集会；sport 运动。根据下句“We begin to get knowledge.”可知是知识，故选 A。3. B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小孩子们对他们周围的一切。interesting 有趣的(常修饰物或事)；interested 感兴趣的(常修饰人)；weak 弱的，虚弱的。be interested in