四川省绵阳市2019中考英语总复习第二篇语法突破篇语法专题05介词及介词短语课件.pptx

1、绵阳专版,PART TWO,第二篇 语法突破篇,语法专题（五） 介词及介词短语,【中考考点】 (1)介词表示时间、地点、方位、方式的基本用法。 (2)一些易混介词辨析及介词短语的用法。,考点一 表示时间的介词,1.in/on/at (1)in用在世纪、年份、季节、月份, 不特定的上午、下午和晚上等词前面。 It often rains July. 七月份经常下雨。 (2)on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上午、下午、晚上。 She was born the morning of May 10th. 她出生于五月十日的早晨。 (3)at表示在某个时刻或者某个瞬间。 I usually get up

2、 6:00 in the morning. 我通常早上六点钟起床。,in,on,at,2.after/in (1)“after+具体时刻/从句”表示“在时刻之后”,常用于过去时。 He said that he would be here 5:00. 他说他五点钟之后会来这儿。 (2)“in+一段时间”表示“在（多久）之后”, 常用于将来时,提问用how soon。 My mother is coming back from England about a month. 我母亲大约一个月以后将从英格兰回来。,after,in,3.by/until (1)by表示“到为止”。 Can you r

3、epair my bike Saturday? 星期六之前你能修好我的自行车吗? (2)until表示动作持续到某时。 We must work here ten oclock. 我们必须一直在这里工作到十点钟。 4.since/for (1)“since+具体时刻/that从句/ago”表示“自从起一直到现在”。 Uncle Li has worked in this factory 2000. 李叔叔自从2000年起就在这家工厂工作了。 (2)“for+一段时间”表示“有之久”。 Uncle Li has worked in this factory over 10 years. 李叔叔在

4、这个工厂已经工作了十多年了。,by,until,since,for,考点二 表示地点或方位的介词,1.at/in/on (1)at 用于小地点前。 Ill be at home all morning. 我一上午都在家。 (2)in用于大地点前。 Harbin is in the north of China. 哈尔滨位于中国北部。 (3)on既可表示“在上面(有接触面)”,也可表示两地接壤。 Hunan is on the north of Guangdong.湖南在广东北部。 (4)to表示两地相隔或隔海相望。 Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国

5、东部。,2.between/among (1)between表示“在两者之间”。 Dont sit the two girls. 不要坐在这两个女孩中间。 (2)among表示“在三者或三者以上人或物之间”。 The village lies hills. 这个村庄坐落于群山之间。,between,among,3.across/through (1)across强调从表面穿过。 Go the bridge, and you will find the park. 穿过这座桥, 你就会找到公园。 (2)through强调从一定的空间内穿过。 The river runs the city. 这条

6、河流经这座城市。,across,through,5.in front of/in the front of (1)in front of表示在某一空间外部的前面。 There is a big tree the house. 房子前面有一棵大树。 (2)in the front of表示在某一空间内部的前面。 There is a big desk our classroom. 我们教室的前面有一张大桌子。,in front of,in the front of,4.over/above/on (1)over强调在某一物体的正上方, 其反义词为under。 There is a bridge

7、the river. 河上有座桥。 (2)above强调在上方, 但不一定是正上方, 其反义词为below。 We were flying the clouds. 我们那时正在云层上飞行。,over,above,考点三 常见介词的用法,We won our match that team. 我们在比赛中赢了那个队。 The desk is the wall. 书桌靠墙放着。 I go to school bus. 我乘坐公共汽车去上学。 Do you go that supermarket? 你路过那家超市吗? The students are examined one one. 学生们一个挨

8、一个地接受检查。,My mother bought a present me. 我妈妈给我买了一份礼物。 We set off New York. 我们动身去纽约。 She stayed there a week. 她在那儿待了一周。 Mostteenagers live their parents. 大部分青少年和他们的父母住在一起。 I sat down on the chair holes in it. 我坐在有孔的椅子上。,against,against,by,by,by,for,for,for,with,with,在家 at home 在学校 at school 在工作 立刻 at

9、once 在晚上 at night 在一年中不好的时节 at a bad time of the year 在的尽头 at the end of 在的开始 at the beginning of 到达 arrive in (at) 同意某人（的看法） agree with sb.,考点四 含有介词的重点短语,at work,以开始 擅长 be good at 对有害处 be bad for 充满 be full of 确信 be sure of/about 习惯于 对某人要求严格 be strict with sb. 对某事要求严格 be strict in sth. 忙于做某事 be bus

10、y with sth. 迟到 be late for 生某人的气 be angry with sb.,begin/start with,be used to,对某人感到满意 be pleased with sb. 对感兴趣 be interested in 与不同 以为骄傲 be proud of 对感到厌烦 be tired of 赶上 catch up with 依靠 depend on 在方面做得好 do well in 用装满 fillwith 与相处 听说 收到的来信,在某方面帮助某人 help sb. with sth. 在的前面(外部) in front of 在的前面(内部)

11、in the front of 在户外;在野外 in the open air 最后,终于 in the end 及时 匆忙,急忙 in a hurry 在太阳下 事实上 in fact 处于困境中 in trouble 看 look at 寻找 look for,be different from,get on/along with,hear of,hear from,in time,in the sun,照顾,照看 look after/take care of 检查 look for 嘲笑 动身去某处 与交朋友 make friends with 在某人回家的路上 on ones way

12、 home 展出 究竟,到底 on earth 在顶部 on the top of 另一方面 on the other hand 值日;值班 on duty 步行,laugh at,leave for,on show/display,on foot,.用适当的介词填空 1.Just walk down this street and youll see the hospital your left. 2.Alan bought a big house a nice garden. 3.When is the Art Festival party? Its seven oclock the ev

13、ening of November 18th. 4.The whole family were agreement about what they should do next. 5.Can you come to my party this evening? Sorry, I cant.I have to prepare my exams.,on,with,at,on,in,for,6.Its very kind you to help me with my lessons. 7.I borrowed some money my friend to buy a book. 8. April

14、22nd,people around the world celebrate Earth Day in different ways. 9.Welcome to our store. We have skirts all colors $16 each. 10.My mother says my friend is similar me, but I think she is different me.,of,from,On,in,for,to,from,.从方框中选择恰当的短语并用其正确形式填空11. our government, we can play sports on the new

15、 playground next week. Thats for sure! And well have a sports meeting in one month. 12.Grace often gets nervous before she gives a speech . 13.Why are you unhappy these days, Julie? I cant see the blackboard because two tall boys sit me. 14. , the Chinese know about tea culture best. 15. , listening

16、 to music is a good way to relax yourself.,Thanks to,in public,in front of,Without doubt,In fact,16.The more I get to know Nancy, the more I realize that we have a lot . 17. the classmates, he got to the top of the mountain successfully. 18.The world chances, and we must make a quick decision when we meet one. 19.He left home and forgot to turn off the light this morning. 20. , the Internet was only used by the government. But now its widely used in every field.,in common,With the help of,is full of,in a hurry,At first,