浙江专用2020版高考英语大一轮新优化复习考点强化练21Unit1Greatscientists新人教版必修520190118114.doc

1、1Unit 1 Great scientists .阅读理解(2018天津)Theres a new frontier in 3D printing thats beginning to come into focus:food.Recent development has made possible machines that print,cook,and serve foods on a mass scale.And the industry isnt stopping there.Food productionWith a 3D printer,a cook can print comp

2、licated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake.Not everybody can do thatit takes years of experience,but a printer makes it easy.A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same,” freeing cooks to complete oth

3、er tasks.In another restaurant,all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed,rather than farm to table.Sustainability(可持续性)The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050,and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain curre

4、nt levels.Sustainability is becoming a necessity.3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution.Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae (藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients (烹饪原料).3D printing can reduce fuel use and

5、emissions.Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end,freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.NutritionFuture 3D food printers could make processed food healthier.Hod Lipson,a professor at Columbia University,said,“Food printing could a

6、llow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content,like vitamins.So instead of eating a piece of yesterdays bread from the supermarket,youd eat something baked just for you on demand.”ChallengesDespite recent advancements in 3D food printing,the industry has many challenges to overcome

7、.Currently,most ingredients must be changed to a paste (糊状物) before a printer can use them,and the printing process is quite time-consuming,because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways.On top of that,most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients,because meat

8、 and milk products may easily go bad.Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers,believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.2【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的 3D食物打印技术,包括食物打印的省时高效的特点、所使用的原料的可持续性、提供顾客所需要的营养以及目前技术推广面临的挑战等。1.What benefit does 3D printi

9、ng bring to food production?A.It helps cooks to create new dishes.B.It saves time and effort in cooking.C.It improves the cooking conditions.D.It contributes to restaurant decorations.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句可知,一名厨师需要有多年的经验积累才能在婚礼蛋糕上装饰出复杂的图案,但一台 3D打印机可以很容易就做到。由此可知,3D 打印技术在食品制作方面节省了时间和精力。故选 B项。2.What

10、can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraph 3?A.It solves food shortages easily.B.It quickens the transportation of food.C.It needs no space for the storage of food.D.It uses renewable materials as sources of food.答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第四句可知,专家相信 3D打印机可使用大量的藻类和草等可再生资源形成的水解胶体代替熟知的烹饪原料。故选 D项。3.Acco

11、rding to Paragraph 4,3D-printed food . A.is more available to consumersB.can meet individual nutritional needsC.is more tasty than food in supermarketsD.can keep all the nutrition in raw materials答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中 Hod Lipson教授的话可知,食品打印使顾客能打印出富含个性化需求所需营养成分的食物。因此,顾客不必吃昨天从超市买来的面包,而是随需烤制。故选 B项。4.What

12、is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?A.The printing process is complicated.B.3D food printers are too expensive.C.Food materials have to be dry.D.Some experts doubt 3D food printing.答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“ On top of that,most of the 3D food printers now are restrict

13、ed to dry ingredients”可知,尽管 3D食物打印技术进展迅猛,但所需的大多数打印材料必须是干燥的才能使用,这也就制约了食物打印技术的普及。故选 C项。5.What could be the best title of the passage?3A.3D Food Printing:Delicious New TechnologyB.A New Way to Improve 3D Food PrintingC.The Challenges for 3D Food ProductionD.3D Food Printing:From Farm to Table答案 A解析 主旨大

14、意题。通读全文可知,一项新的 3D打印技术引人瞩目,最新进展有助于大规模食品的打印和服务。故 A项“3D 食物打印:精美可口的新技术”符合题意。.七选五A Spirit Airlines flight just made an emergency landing for an unusual reason and it wasnt due to bad weather or a mechanical problem. 1 Lily Green,36 weeks pregnant(怀孕的),had just boarded the flight in Fort Lauderdale when h

15、er water broke.The airplane quickly turned to New Orleans for an emergency landing. 2 “He did what he wanted,” mother Lily told CNN.“We were just all along for the ride.”Thankfully,a pediatrician(小儿科医生) and nurse were on board to help her give birth. 3 About 10 minutes later,the newborns cries fille

16、d the planes cabin,and the passengers burst into applause(掌声). 4 Measuring in at a healthy 7 pounds and 19 and a half inches long,hes the youngest brother of 11-year-old Jack and 12-year-old Ann.” But heres the best part: 5 Besides Davids free flight from Fort Lauderdale,he can now travel with a gue

17、st on his birthday for free for the rest of his life. A.Lily named her baby boy David.B.And that was luckily a speedy birth.C.And that was luckily a normal birth.D.But it was late for this impatient newborn.E.But it wasnt fast enough for this impatient newborn.F.Spirit Airlines gave the tiny,unexpec

18、ted passenger a wonderful birthday present.G.Obviously,a baby just couldnt wait for his flight to land before joining the world.答案与解析【语篇导读】本文是一篇感人故事。一个孕妇在飞行过程中突然临产,飞机被迫就近紧急降落。在此期间,飞机上恰好有儿科医生和护士乘客,在他们的帮助下,婴儿顺利出生。为祝贺 David 在本航班出生,航空公司给予 David,在每年生日那一天免费乘坐该公司飞机的大礼,终生有效。1.G 文章开头叙述:飞机紧急着陆不是由于机械故障或恶劣天气,再结

19、合下文“Lily Green,36 weeks pregnant.when her water broke.”可判断,G 项“婴儿等不到飞机正常降落就要来到这个世界”符合语境。42.E 本空前叙述:飞机因紧急降落而迅速改变目的地。因此 E项“但是飞机的速度还不够快”符合逻辑。此处 fast与上文 quickly相呼应。3.B 根据下文“About 10 minutes later,the newborns.”可知,B 项“幸运的是,这是一次快速的分娩”符合文意。speedy 与 10 minutes相呼应。4.A 本空后叙述了新生儿的体重、身高,还第一次出现了他的名字 David,故选 A项。

20、5.F 根据下文可知,为祝贺 David 在该航班出生,航空公司给予 David 在每年生日那天免费乘坐该公司飞机的大礼。因此 F项承上启下,符合语境。.完形填空Over the last 15 years,as a doctor,I have had heart-to-heart conversations with countless patients near the end of their lives.The most common emotion they express is 1 .And thats 2 I came up with a project to encourage

21、 people to write a 3 to their loved ones.Its a lesson I learned years ago from a memorable 4 patient. He was a retired 5 with a cancer.Every day,his 6 spent many hours watching him watch television.She explained to me he had never been much of a 7 in their 50-plus years of marriage.But he seemed qui

22、te 8 to share his ideas with me, 9 when it became clear his days were 10 .He spoke of his deep regret for not having spent enough time with his wife,and of his great 11 in his son,who had joined the Navy in his fathers footsteps. One afternoon,when I mentioned these 12 to his wife and son,they looke

23、d disbelievingly at each other.They thanked me for being so kind but 13 my patient was unlikely to express such feelings.To make sure his family could hear his 14 ,I took my video camera with me the next morning and with the patients 15 ,recorded an open letter from him to his family.When I gave the

24、m the 16 letter,both his wife and son were moved to tears. The experience 17 my letter project,which can help people complete their life review tasks: remembering to those we may have hurt; 18 those who have hurt us and saying “I love you”.It may 19 much courage to write a life review letter.For som

25、e people,it 20 deep and troubling emotions.Yet it may be the most important letter you will ever write. 【语篇导读】作为一名医生,因为与无数临终的病人交谈过,他们常表达出自己的遗憾。这激发了“我”想让人们给自己爱的人写一封信的想法,以此表达对曾经伤害过的人的歉意及原谅伤害过自己的人们。1.A.gratitude B.regret C.apology D.affection答案 B解析 根据下文的内容可知在临终之前表达的都是遗憾的心情。最后一段中也有提示。gratitude“感激”;regre

26、t“后悔,遗憾”;apology “道歉”;affection“情感”。52.A.because B.why C.when D.how答案 B解析 通过上下文可判断这就是“我”为什么要提出这个项目。故选 B项。3.A.note B.bill C.letter D.sentence答案 C解析 通过上下文及最后一段中的“letter project”可知病人临终前常有遗憾,因此作者特地通过这个项目来鼓励人们写信给自己所爱的人。故选 C项。4.A.dying B.weak C.unconscious D.silent答案 A解析 从下文可知这是从一个将要去世的病人那里学到的教训。dying“将死的

27、”;weak“虚弱的”;unconscious “无意识的”;silent“沉默的”。通过对比可知 A项符合题意。5.A.merchant B.worker C.official D.soldier答案 D解析 从下文可知他当过海军,因此是个士兵。soldier“士兵”符合题意。6.A.family B.daughter C.son D.wife答案 D解析 从下文“in their 50-plus years of marriage”可知是他的妻子,故选 D项。7.A.husband B.lover C.talker D.companion答案 C解析 根据上文“spent many hou

28、rs watching him watch television”,可知他是个不健谈的人。因此 talker“讲话者”符合题意。8.A.willing B.disturbing C.embarrassed D.delighted答案 A解析 根据语境可知这个人不善言谈却愿意和“我”分享他的一些想法。willing“愿意的”;disturbing“烦扰的,令人不安的”;embarrassed“局促不安的,为难的,尴尬的,窘迫的”;delighted“高兴的”。9.A.specially B.especially C.exactly D.gradually答案 B解析 此处指他看起来非常愿意和“我

29、”分享他的想法,尤其是他在世上的日子不多了。specially“特别地,专门地”;especially“尤其地,主要地”;exactly“确切地”;gradually“慢慢地”。10.A.numbered B.died C.ended D.completed答案 A解析 从上文可知他是个癌症患者,所剩时日不多,屈指可数。故用 numbered。11.A.satisfaction B.pride C.concern D.complaint答案 B解析 此处指他儿子以他为榜样参加了海军,因此他以儿子为骄傲。satisfaction “满意”;pride“骄傲”;concern“关心”;compla

30、int“抱怨”。612.A.comments B.decisions C.explanations D.promises答案 A解析 根据语境可知,当“我”把他的话转述给他的妻子和儿子时,他们感到难以置信。comment“评论”;decision“决定”;explanation“解释”;promise“承诺,允诺”。13.A.denied B.disbelieved C.insisted D.realized答案 C解析 从上文可知这个病人是个不善谈的人,所以当他儿子和妻子听到这样的评论时难以相信,因此他们才会感谢“我”并坚持他不可能如此表达。deny“否认”;disbelieve“怀疑;不信

31、”;insist“坚持”;realize“意识到,知道,实现”。14.A.sorrow B.anxiety C.wish D.love答案 D解析 从上文的内容可知,此处是指这个病人表达的对家人的爱。sorrow“悲痛”;anxiety“焦虑,担心”;wish “愿望”;love“爱”。15.A.desire B.permission C.request D.assistance答案 B解析 根据上下文可知,“我”带着摄像机是得到了病人允许的。desire“渴望”;permission“允许,批准”;request “请求”;assistance“帮助”。16.A.taped B.typed

32、C.written D.unopened答案 A解析 由上文可知,此处应指录音的信。taped“录音的”符合题意。17.A.raised B.inspired C.proved D.welcomed答案 B解析 根据下文可知这能帮助人们弥补过去的憾事,因此激励“我”去做这个项目。raise“提高(价格等),养育,筹集”。inspire“鼓舞,激励,赋予灵感”;prove“证明,证实”;welcome“欢迎”。18.A.acknowledging B.forgettingC.hurting D.forgiving答案 D解析 通过上下文可知是原谅那些伤害过我们的人。acknowledge “承认,鸣谢,对打招呼”;forget“忘记”;hurt“伤害”;forgive“原谅”。D 项符合题意。19.A.cost B.spend C.take D.have答案 C解析 句意:可能需要一些勇气去写一封人生回顾信。take.to do sth.“需要去做某事”。20.A.calls for B.calls off C.calls in D.calls up答案 D解析 由语境可知,它可能唤起了人们内心深处的烦恼的情绪。call up“使回忆起”符合题意。