GB 14711-2006 电机安全要求(E).doc

1、 ICS 29.160.01 K 20 National Standard of the Peoples Republic of China GB 14711-2006 Substitute for GB 14711-1993 Safety Requirements of Small and Medium Size Rotating Electrical Machines Issued on August 25, 2006 Effective from March 1, 2007 Issued by General Administration of Quality Supervision,

2、Inspection and Quarantine of the P. R. China Standardization Administration of the Peoples Republic of ChinaGB 14711-2006 I Contents Foreword .III 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative sources of standards . 1 3 Technical terms and explanations . 2 4 General requirements . 2 5 Structure . 2 6 Symbols . 6 7 Tests

3、7 8 Low voltage (rated voltage 1, 000V)AC motor (including universal motor) 12 9 High voltage (rated voltage1, 000V) AC motor .13 10 DC motor 13 11 Portable and auxiliary generator .14 12 Variable-frequency & adjustable-speed motor . 16 GB 14711-2006 III Foreword All the technical content of the sta

4、ndard is compulsory. The standard is consistent with the safety requirements in GB755-2000 Rotating Machine Rating and Performance. The standard is a substitute for GB14711-1993 General Safety Requirements of Small and Medium Rotating Electrical Machines, with the present title Safety Requirements o

5、f Small and Medium Size Rotating Electrical Machines. The standard differs from GB14711-1993 mainly in the following respects: 1. Standard was rearranged; 2. The safety requirements of portable, auxiliary, and variable-frequency & adjustable-speed motors were included; 3. Tables related were placed

6、at the back of this book, for easy reference. The standard is proposed by China Electrical Equipment Industry Association. The preparation and management of standard is under the supervision of the China Rotating Electrical Machine Standardization & Technology Committee (SAC/TC 26). Shanghai Electri

7、cal Equipment Research Institute was responsible for the drafting of the standard. Other organizations that participated in the drafting include: Beijing B.J. Electric Motor Co., Ltd., Chongqing Sailimeng Electric Motor Co., Ltd., Shandong Qilu Electric Motor Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Lanzhou Electri

8、c Motor Co., Ltd., Shanghai United Electric Motor (Group) Corporation, Zhejiang Jinlong Electric Motor Co., Ltd., Shandong Huali Electric Motor Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Qingjiang Electric Motor Co., Ltd., Kunming Electrical Engineering Co., Ltd., and Shanxi Electric Motor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Major dra

9、fters include Ni Lixin, Chen Weihua, Jin Weiwei, Li Baojin, Li Xiuying, Zhang Shengde, Liu Jinyan, Cai Jiagang, Zhou Qi, Tian Zhigang, Gao Wenan, Cui Huajian, Ye Jinwu, Feng Jinquan, Zhou Guobao, Zhang Bin and Yue Weiping. The standard shall replace GB 14711-1993 from the effective date. GB 14711-19

10、93 is the first edition. This standard is the first amendment. GB 14711-2006 1 Safety Requirements of Small and Medium Size Rotating Electrical Machines 1 Scope 1.1 The standard specifies the safety requirements of small/medium general-purpose rotating electrical machines (electric motor and generat

11、or, hereinafter referred to as “motor”). 1.2 This standard is not applicable to astronautic motors, traction motors, explosion-proof motors, hoist and metallurgical motors, shield motors. Tests of small power motors produced according to GB/T 5171 can also refer to GB12350. 1.3 In case other types o

12、f motors involve special requirements that are not covered in this standard, new standard should be developed. 2 Normative sources of standards The terms and conditions quoted from the following documents became the terms and conditions of this standard. Where documents are dated, their attached mod

13、ification list (exclusive of corrections) or the revised edition is not applicable to this standard. Nevertheless, the concerned parties are encouraged to consider the latest editions of those documents when reaching agreement based on this standard. Where documents are undated, their latest version

14、s are applicable to this standard. GB755-2000 Rotating electrical machines Rating and performance (idt IEC 60034-1: 1996) GB/T 825-1988 Eye screw (NEQ ISO 3266: 1984) GB1971 Rotating electrical machines Cable terminal symbol and sense of rotation (GB1971-2006, 60034-8: 2002, IDT) GB/T 2423.4-1993 El

15、ectrical and electronic products environmental tests procedures Tests Db: temperature & humidity testing methods (eqv IEC 60068-2-30: 1980) GB/T 4207-2003 CTI and PTI testing methods for solid insulation material under humid conditions (IEC 60112: 1979, IDT) GB4706.1-1998 House and similar purpose a

16、ppliances safety Part one: general requirements (eqv IEC 60335-1: 1991) GB/T 4942.1-2001 Rotating electrical machine housing protection grading (IP code) (idt IEC 60034-5: 1991) GB/T 5169.11-1997 Electrical and electronic products fire hazard tests Testing methods Glow wire test and guidelines for t

17、he finished products (idt IEC 60695-2-1/1: 1994) GB/T 5169.12-1999 Electrical and electronic products fire hazard tests Testing methods Glow wire flammability test for materials (idt IEC 60695-2-1/2: 1994) GB/T 5465.2-1996 Electrical equipment diagrams and symbols (idt IEC 60417: 1994) GB/T 11020-19

18、89 Flammability testing methods for solid insulation material exposed to ignition source (eqv IEC 60707: 1981) GB/T 13002 Built-in thermal protector of rotating electrical machines Rotating electrical machines protection rules (GB/T 13002-1991, eqv IEC 34-11-1: 1978) GB/T 16422.2-1999 Testing method

19、s of exposure to laboratory light sources for plastics Part two: xenon-arc lamp (idt ISO 4892-2: 1994) GB/T 17948.1-2000 Rotating electrical machines insulation performance appraisal Random windings test procedures Thermal appraisal and grading (idt IEC 60034-18-21: 1992) GB/T 18380.1-2001 Burning t

20、est for cables exposed to flames Part 1: vertical burning test of single insulated wire or cable (idt IEC 60332-1: 1993) GB/T 18380.2-2001 Burning test for cables exposed to flames Part 2: vertical burning test of single insulated thin copper-core wire or cable (idt IEC 60332-2: 1989) GB/T 18380.3-2

21、001 Burning test for cables exposed to flames Part 3: burning test of bunched wires or cables (idt IEC 60332-3: 1992) JB/T 7589-1994 High-voltage electrical machines insulation thermal stability appraisal methods (eqv IEC 60034-18-31: 1992) GB 14711-2006 2 JB/T 8158-1999 Starting performance of sing

22、le-speed, three-phase, squirrel-cage induction motors (voltage 690V) (eqv IEC 60034-12: 1995) JB/T 10098-2000 Impulse-voltage endurance of AC motor stator coils (idt IEC 60034-15: 1995) IEC 60034-18-22: 2000 Rotating electrical machine insulation function appraisalFormed winding test proceduresInsul

23、ation compositions substitution and change grading IEC 60034-18-31: 1992 Rotating electrical machine insulation function appraisalFormed winding test proceduresInsulations thermal property appraisal and grading for motors 50MVA and 15kV IEC 60034-18-32: 1995 Rotating electrical machine insulation fu

24、nction appraisalFormed winding test proceduresInsulations electric property appraisal and grading for motors 50MVA and 15kV 3 Technical terms and explanations The following terms and explanations are applicable to this standard. 3.1 Clearance Clearance is the shortest distance between two conductive

25、 parts measured through air. 3.2 Creepage distance Creepage is the shortest path between two conductive parts measured along the surface of the insulation. Note: the seam between two insulating parts is taken as a part of the surface. 3.3 Lead Lead is a wire that connects between winding coils and w

26、iring terminals, or between winding coils, or between winding coils and other conductors inside the motor. Leads can be directed into a junction box outside the motor. 3.4 Supply cord It is the flexible cord that goes from inside the motor to the outside for the purpose of power supply. 4 General re

27、quirements 4.1 The motors covered in this standard should conform to the requirements of GB755-2000. 4.2 The capacitor integrated with the motor is regarded as part of the motor. 4.3 Whether at room temperatures, or thermal state, or humid conditions, motors should have adequate insulation resistanc

28、e. Insulation resistance is measured and tested according to the requirements of 7.4. 4.4 In normal operation, motors should not have electrical or mechanical faults that would affect safety; or damaged insulation; or loose connections; or aged flexible components and outer cover parts. 5 Structure

29、5.1 General principles 5.1.1 The electrical components of motor are specially approved models and specifications. They should be tested along with the motor. All rotating parts should operate safely (including at over-speed). Components that are not connected to rotating parts and would not affect e

30、lectrical or mechanical safety may be taken as a separate part of the motor, and can be supplied separately. 5.1.2 With the exception of waterproof motors (e.g. motors for underwater use) and those free of water accumulation inside, all motors should have appropriate dewatering measures to prevent a

31、ccumulated water inside, which would reduce the clearance and creepage distance between windings/naked charged parts and ground. The air vents on the motor can also perform dewatering functions. When arranging water-discharge holes, their diameters should be no smaller than 3mm and conform to the re

32、quirements of 7.6. 5.1.3 If motor is an integral part of other equipment, the functions of motor bedplate and outer cover (inclusive of junction box) can be performed by the equipment. GB 14711-2006 3 5.1.4 As to natural air-cooling motor, if built-in overheat protector is required, it should confor

33、m to GB/T 13002. 5.1.5 With the exception of open-type motors, it must be ensured that contact with the panel or covering of naked charged parts (AC30V, DC50V) is avoided. The panel or covering may only be opened with tool or keys. 5.2 Outer cover 5.2.1 The materials of any component on the outer co

34、ver should be able to endure high temperatures and mechanical stress that may occur during normal working conditions, and should not incur fire or electric shock due to bending, creep, or deformation. 5.2.2 Outer cover protection grading should conform to GB/T 4942.1-2001. 5.3 Non-metallic structure

35、s 5.3.1 Insulation structures for supporting and fixing current-carrying components should have good resistance to inflammation, heat, electric tracking, moisture, and adequate dielectric strength and mechanical strength. 5.3.2 Non-metallic outer cover, windshield, and junction box should be able to

36、 endure humidity, grease, inflammation, and temperature variation. They should be able to withstand the impact test as in 7.8.3, the ageing test as in 7.11, the heat deformation test as in 7.12, and the burning test as in 7.13. 5.3.3 The patch board and non-metallic junction box should be able to en

37、dure the temperatures no lower than that specified in Table 1. 5.4 Junction box (for motors 750V) and wiring devices 5.4.1 Junction box can be an independent component fixed on the exterior of motor, or serve, partially or wholly, as a part on the motor housing. 5.4.2 Junction box should have approp

38、riate volume in order to contain wiring devices, meeting the clearance and creepage distance requirements of 5.8, and be able to withstand the impulse voltage test as in 7.5.2. 5.4.3 If made from metal, the junction box should have the thickness as specified in Table 2, and conform to the test requi

39、rements of 7.8.4. 5.4.4 Non-metallic junction box should conform to 5.3.2. 5.4.5 The fixing between junction box and motor housing should be separate from the fixing between junction box and its cover. 5.4.6 The protection grade of junction box on small motor should be no less than IP44. 5.4.7 If wi

40、re conduit is used, it should be: a) No smaller than the sizes specified in Table 3, in consistence with the rated current marked on the motor; b) Placed in a flat, large enough area, to meet the requirements of bushing and locknut, unless the opening on the junction box is suitable for wire to pass

41、 through and bushing need not be used to protect wire insulation. 5.5 Conduit bushing and equivalent tapped hole 5.5.1 Straight pipe or Taper pipe thread seal can be used for the tapped hole of conduit, with the screwing length no smaller than 3.5 pitches. The number of inlet tapped-hole should be s

42、pecified in product standard description. The inlet holes should be equipped with insulation conduit and be sealed with rubber or similar material at the factory. 5.5.2 Conduit bushing for a separately-cast junction box and tapped hole for fixing rigid metal conduit should have enough mechanical str

43、ength and be tested as per 7.8.5. 5.6 Supply cord 5.6.1 If the motor is equipped with supply cord, or for the purpose of easy connection to other equipment, flexible cables that extend outside the bedplate (housing) are supplied along with necessary plugs, the cord and plugs should conform to produc

44、t standard or relevant standard of the equipment. 5.6.2 Unless grounding is not required, there should be one earth lead among the cords. The earth lead (including the terminal) should bear a different color or symbol for easy distinction. 5.6.3 The supply cord should have a rated voltage no smaller

45、 than the motors maximum working voltage. Its current-carrying capacity should at least be equal to load current multiplied by usage coefficient or full load rated current multiplied by 125%, whichever is the greater. The insulation of cord should be able to withstand the power-frequency voltage tes

46、t related to this circuit. 5.6.4 Unless there are measures to eliminate the possible tensile force or the supply cord is not exposed, insulation layer and clamps should be available where the cord extends out, in order to prevent external force passing onto the wires inside and avoid twisting or dis

47、placement of cords. 5.6.5 Unless there are other protective measures, it must be ensured that cords do not withdraw into the motor. 5.6.6 Clamps: cord clamps should be made of insulating material. If metal is present, there should be insulating lining. GB 14711-2006 4 5.6.7 Cord clamps should be exa

48、mined for reliability and be able to withstand the tension and torsion tests as in 7.9. 5.6.8 Cord should not be forced through the inlet opening so as to damage the insulation. 5.6.9 The loose cables/cords in the junction box that are to be connected on site should be no shorter than 150mm in free length. 5.7 Lead wi