2019年高考英语二轮专题复习第一部分语法题型突破篇专题五完形填空高考命题25说明文精选题20190120145.doc

1、1说明文A(2018甘肃高三诊断)While traveling, you might have stayed at a hotel or a family members house. But have you ever thought about staying in a strangers _1_？This might sound _2_， but its actually a trend thats becoming popular around the world, including China.Lodging rental(借宿出租) companies like Airbnb

2、are helping people look for cheap ways to _3_. This website allows people to rent out their _4_ rooms or apartments as an alternative to _5_ in over 190 countries.Created by young American men Brian Chesky, Joe Gebbia and Nathan Blecharczyk, Airbnb is a good example of a _6_ economy. Through the Int

3、ernet, people share _7_ such as cars, apartments and _8_ their expertise._9_ post information about the location, prices, descriptions and pictures. Guests can go to the _10_ and find their favorite places to stay. Users _11_ their opinions on their stay so that people know whether a place is good o

4、r not.A man in New York named Jonathan Powley even rents out his _12_ for $22 (140 yuan，) per night through Airbnb. This is no _13_ car. Powley took out the car seats and changed the _14_ to make it look more welcoming. He keeps it clean and puts flowers in it every day. He provides snacks and tells

5、 travelers where they can go and shower.But Airbnb does have some _15_. Sometimes you end up living with a stranger or it is not as _16_ as it looked like online. _17_， hosts sometimes get mad when they get home and its a complete _18_.In China, Airbnb operates in five _19_ including Beijing and Sha

6、nghai. The country has seen a major _20_ in Airbnb users in the past year.1A.office Bcamp Chome Dgarden2A.great Bamazing Cdangerous Dstrange3A.travel Bplay Cwalk Dlive24A.new Bprivate Cspare Dseparate5A.shops Bhotels Crestaurants Dhomes6A.sharing Bdifferent Cfresh Dcommercial7A.objects Brooms Cresou

7、rces Dexperiences8A.still Byet Calways Deven9A.Hosts BTravelers CGuests DSellers10A.company Bwebsite Chotel Dagent11.A.show Bpost Cput Ddeliver12A.expertise Bcar seats Capartment Dtaxi13A.ordinary Bcomforable Cterrible Dspecial14A.outside Binside Csize Dshape15A.regulations Breasons Cproblems Dadvan

8、tages16A.nice Bcheap Cbad Dreal17A.Also BInstead CThough DTherefore18A.surprise Btrip Cmess Djoy19A.projects Bcities Cbusinesses Dagents20A.shift Bdrop Ctrend Dincrease3答案：【语篇解读】 本文介绍了爱彼迎民宿出租网站的相关信息，包括其运营方式以及存在的问题等。1C 解析：第一段意为：旅行时，你可能会住在酒店或亲戚的家里，但你有没有想过住在一个陌生人的家里？根据第三段中的“rent out their _4_ rooms or

9、apartments”可推断出，此处指陌生人的家里，故选 C项。2D 解析：great 意为“伟大的” ；amazing 意为“惊人的” ；dangerous 意为“危险的” ；strange 意为“奇怪的” 。根据语境可知，住在陌生人的家里听起来可能有点奇怪，故选 D项。3A 解析：句意：像爱彼迎这样的借宿出租公司正帮助人们寻找便宜的旅行方式。根据本文首句“While traveling，you might have stayed at a hotel or a family members house.”可知，A 项符合语境。4C 解析：new 意为“新的” ；private 意为“私人的

10、；个人的” ；spare 意为“闲置的” ；separate 意为“单独的；分开的” 。根据语境可知，闲置的房子可以出租给游客住宿，故 C项符合语境。5B 解析：根据上文可知，人们把多余的房间或公寓出租给旅客，这替代了酒店的功能，故选 B项。6A 解析：sharing 意为“共享的” ；different 意为“不同的” ；fresh 意为“新鲜的” ；commercial 意为“商业的” 。根据后文的“Through the Internet，people share _7_ such as cars.”可知，爱彼迎是共享经济的一个很好的例子，故选 A项。7C 解析：句意：通过网络，人们共享

11、他们的资源，如汽车、公寓，甚至是专业技能。根据“such as cars，apartments”可推断出，此处指的是资源。object 意为“物体”；room 意为“房间” ；resource 意为“资源” ；experience 意为“经历” 。故选 C项。8D 解析：句意见上题解析。根据语境可知，人们可以通过网络共享汽车、公寓和专业技能，汽车和公寓是具体的，专业技能是抽象的，故此处表示递进。still 意为“仍然” ；yet 意为“但是” ；always 意为“总是” ；even 意为“甚至” 。故选 D项。9A 解析：host 意为“主人” ；traveler 意为“游客” ；guest

12、 意为“客人” ；seller意为“卖方” 。根据常识可知，在网站上发布房子的位置、价格、描述和图片的应是房屋的主人。故 A项符合语境。10B 解析：company 意为“公司” ；website 意为“网站” ；hotel 意为“酒店” ；agent意为“代理人” 。根据第三段第二句“This website allows people to rent out their.”可知，游客应该去网站找到他们最喜欢的地方，故选 B项。11B 解析：show 意为“展示” ；post 意为“发布” ；put 意为“放置” ；deliver 意为“递送” 。根据前文和常识可知，主人在网站上发布出租房屋

13、的信息，游客住完以后应该也是在网站上给出评价，以让大家知道一个地方是否是好住处，故选 B项。412D 解析：expertise 意为“专业技能” ； car seat意为“车座” ；apartment 意为“公寓” ；taxi 意为“出租车” 。根据下文的“This is no _13_ car.”可知，出租的是一辆汽车，故选 D项。13A 解析：ordinary 意为“普通的” ；comfortable 意为“舒适的” ；terrible 意为“糟糕的” ；special 意为“特殊的” 。根据下文的“Powley took out the car seats and changed the

14、 _14_ to make it look more welcoming. He keeps it clean and puts flowers in it every day.”可知，车内被改造过，不是平常的车，故选 A项。14B 解析：根据语境可知，出租车主人拿出了座椅，所以应该是改变了车内的样子，故选 B项。15C 解析：regulation 意为“规则；管理” ；reason 意为“理由” ；problem 意为“问题” ；advantage 意为“优势” 。根据下文的“hosts sometimes get mad when they get home”可知，有时候会出现不愉快的情况

15、，所以爱彼迎也存在一些问题，故选 C项。16A 解析：根据 hosts sometimes get mad可知，此处在介绍爱彼迎存在的问题，所以有时和陌生人住在一起并不像网上看起来那么好。故 A项符合语境。17A 解析：also 意为“也；此外” ；instead 意为“相反；而不是” ；though 意为“尽管” ；therefore 意为“因此” 。根据语境可知，上文在举例说明，此处为所举的另一个例子，前后为并列关系，故选 A项。18C 解析：surprise 意为“惊喜” ；trip 意为“旅行” ；mess 意为“凌乱” ；joy 意为“乐趣” 。根据上文中 hosts sometim

16、es get mad可知，主人心情不愉快，故 C项符合语境。19B 解析：project 意为“项目” ；city 意为“城市” ；business 意为“公司；企业” ；agent 意为“代理人” 。北京和上海都是城市，故选 B项。20D 解析：shift 意为“转变” ；drop 意为“下降” ；trend 意为“潮流；趋势” ；increase意为“增长” 。根据第二段的“its actually a trend thats becoming popular around the world, including China”可推断出，爱彼迎目前很流行，其在中国的运营范围包括了北京和上海

17、在内的五个城市，所以此处指用户增加，故选 D项。B(2018衡水中学高三九模)As a child, I was always told to “eat my greens”These were the unappealing vegetables that sat on the edge of my plate. Peas, and green beans, all looked and tasted _1_. Lets face it, when there were so many other delicious treats to _2_， why eat boring vegetab

18、les?Since then my taste buds have _3_ and Im also fully aware of the health benefits of eating fresh vegetables. But we still need _4_ of the amazing goodness these green super foods give us. In the UK, a campaign has been _5_ 5for several years to encourage us to eat our “5A Day”five portions of fr

19、uit and vegetables. Thats _6_ evidence has shown there are significant health _7_ to getting at least five 80g portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables every day.But I struggle trying to fit these five portions into my daily _8_， partly because I have a sweet _9_ and vegetables are, well, taste

20、less. Researchers have been _10_ how to make eating vegetables more _11_. They analysed the psychology behind our food _12_ and found that most of us are _13_ by taste. Brad Turnwald from Stanford University says that “studies show that people _14_ to think of healthier options as less tasty for som

21、e reason”In Europe, a project called VeggieEAT has also been trying to find ways to get people to _15_ more vegetables.Project leader, Professor Heather Hartwell believes in _16_ encouraging people into eating the right things. One idea has been to put a _17_ of a tasty looking fruit on a supermarke

22、t trolley as a _18_ about buying something from the fruit store after looking at the image. She says， “Choice is a really _19_ thing. But making vegetables look attractive will increase their sales.”Certainly, eating “twisted citrusglazed carrots” does sound tempting, even if it just _20_ like a car

23、rot, but if it makes us eat more vegetables then that can only be a good thing for our health.1A.disgusting B.deliciousCripen Dsweet2A.buy BprepareCoffer Denjoy3A.appeared BdevelopedCexisted Dshrank4A.reminding BinformingCwarning Dtalking5A.planning BaimingCrunning Dintending6A.why BhowCwhen Dbecaus

24、e7A.needs Bbenefits6Cissues Drisks8A.diet BeducationCwork Dexercise9A.tendency BpreferenceCtooth Dappetite10A.showing BdiscoveringCreporting Dstudying11A.appropriate BattractiveCbeneficial Dindependent12A.choices BvaluesCwastes Djudgments13A.confused BdisturbedCmotivated Dchallenged14A.manage Bdecid

25、eCagree Dtend15A.grow BeatCstore Dharvest16A.slowly BsuddenlyCfirmly Dseriously17A.variety BlotCpicture Dnumber18A.sign BconcernCclue Dhint19A.easy BcomplexCquick Dcasual20A.looks BsmellsCtastes Dfeels答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。吃蔬菜对健康有益，这是一个众人皆知的道理。然而，我们有时候会因为偏爱其他食物的口味而不愿意吃蔬菜。本文介绍了一项旨在提倡人们多吃蔬菜的研究，并介绍了一些商家用来吸

26、引顾客购买蔬菜的销售技巧。1A 解析：考查词义辨析。根据上文中的“the unappealing vegetables”和本段最后一句中的“boring vegetables”可知，长相令人厌恶的豌豆和青豆很难吃。disgusting意为“令人厌恶的” ，符合语境。delicious 美味的；ripen(使)成熟；sweet甜的，均与语境不符。故选 A项。72D 解析：考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“why eat boring vegetables”可知，有那么多美食可以享受，为什么还吃那些难吃的蔬菜呢？enjoy 意为“享受” ，符合语境。buy买；prepare 准备；offer 提供，均与

27、语境不符。故选 D项。3B 解析：考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“Im also fully aware of the health benefits of eating fresh vegetables”可知，作者充分认识到了吃新鲜蔬菜对健康的益处；由此可推知，作者的味蕾发生了变化。develop 意为“变化，发展” ，符合语境。appear出现；exist 存在；shrink 缩小，均与语境不符。故选 B项。4A 解析：考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“the amazing goodness these green super foods give us”可知，作者认为我们仍需记得这些绿色超级食品

28、给我们的身体带来的惊人益处。remind 意为“记起，使想起” ，符合语境。inform 通知；warn 警告；talk 谈论，均与语境不符。故选 A项。5C 解析：考查动词辨析。根据主语“a campaign”和下文中的“for several years”可知，宣传活动已经举办好几年了。run 持续，符合语境。plan 计划；aim 目的是；intend打算，均与语境不符。故选 C项。6D 解析：考查词义辨析。根据语境可知，本句是解释举办宣传活动的原因。故选D项。7B 解析：考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“getting at least five 80g portions of a vari

29、ety of fruit and vegetables every day”和常识可知，每天至少食用 5份 80克的水果和蔬菜会对健康有很大益处。benefit 益处，符合语境。need 需要；issue 问题；risk风险，均与语境不符。故选 B项。8A 解析：考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，作者在努力把这 5份果蔬纳入到自己的日常饮食中。diet 意为“饮食” ，符合语境。education 教育；work 工作，exercise 练习，均与语境不符。故选 A项。9C 解析：考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“vegetables are，well，tasteless”可知，作者喜欢吃甜食，觉得蔬菜无

30、味。have a sweet tooth是一个常用俚语，意为“喜欢甜食” 。tendency 趋势；preference 喜好；appetite 食欲，胃口，均与语境不符。故选 C项。10D 解析：考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“analysed”和“found”可知，此处指研究人员一直在做研究。study 意为“研究” ，符合语境。show 展示；discover 发现；report报道，均与语境不符。故选 D项。11B 解析：考查形容词辨析。根据下文内容可知，研究人员一直在研究如何让吃蔬菜更具吸引力。attractive 意为“有吸引力的” ，符合语境。appropriate 合适的；bene

31、ficial有益的；independent 独立的，均与语境不符。故选 B项。12A 解析：考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“by taste”可知，研究人员分析了我们8选择食物时的心理，发现大部分人都是受味道的驱使。choice 选择，符合语境。value 价值；waste 垃圾，废物；judgement 判断，均与语境不符。故选 A项。13C 解析：考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“by taste”及语境可知，研究人员分析了我们选择食物时的心理，发现大部分人都是受味道的驱使。motivate 意为“驱使，激发”，符合语境。confuse 使困惑；disturb 打扰；challenge 挑战，均与语

32、境不符。故选 C项。14D 解析：考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，人们往往会因为某种原因而认为更健康的食物更难吃。tend 意为“往往会，倾向于” ，符合语境。manage 设法；decide 决定；agree同意，均与语境不符。故选 D项。15B 解析：考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“encouraging people into eating the right things”可知，此处指 VeggieEAT这一项目一直在努力找出能让人们多吃蔬菜的方法。eat 意为“吃” ，符合语境。grow 种植；store 储存；harvest 收割(庄稼)，均与语境不符。故选 B项。16A 解析：考查副词辨

33、析。根据下文介绍的商家用来吸引顾客购买蔬菜的销售技巧可知，该项目的领导者 Heather Hartwell教授建议慢慢地推动人们吃正确的食物。slowly意为“慢慢地” ，符合语境。suddenly 突然地；firmly 坚定地；seriously 严肃地，均与语境不符。故选 A项。17C 解析：考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“after looking at the image”可知，把看起来很美味的水果图片放在超市的购物车上，来吸引人们购买果蔬。picture 意为“图片” ，符合语境。variety 种类；lot 许多；number 数字，均与语境不符。故选 C项。18D 解析：考查名词辨析

34、。根据常识可知，将图片放在购物车上，以此来暗示消费者去水果区购买商品。hint 意为“暗示” ，符合语境。sign 标志；concern 担忧；clue 线索，均与语境不符。故选 D项。19B 解析：考查形容词辨析。根据常识可知，在买东西时做选择是一件复杂的事情，但是使蔬菜看起来更诱人有助于提高销售额。complex 意为“复杂的” ，符合语境。easy 容易的；quick 快速的；casual 随便的，均与语境不符。故选 B项。20C 解析：考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“sound tempting”和“even if”可知，“橘汁胡萝卜”这菜名听起来确实很诱人，尽管吃起来像是胡萝卜。taste 意为“尝起来” ，符合语境。look 看起来；smell 闻起来；feel 感觉，均与语境不符。故选 C项。