NEMA C78 180-2003 Electric Lamps - Specifications for Fluorescent Lamp Starters《荧光灯起辉器规范[代替 ANSI C78 180 ANSI C78 180]》.pdf

1、NEMA Standards PublicationNational Electrical Manufacturers AssociationANSI C78.180-2003Specifications for Fluorescent Lamp StartersANSI C78.180-2003 Revision of C78.180.1972 American National Standard Approved: November 19, 2003 Secretariat: ANSLG -National Electrical Manufacturers Association for

2、electric lamps: Specifications for Fluorescent Lamp Starters Copyright 2003 by American National Standard Lighting Group NEMA Page 1 of 19 ANSI C78.180-2003 Revision of C78.180-1972 American National Standard Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requiremen

3、ts for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Rev

4、iew, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their res

5、olution. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether s/he has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. It is intended as a guide to aid the

6、 manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an Amer

7、ican National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the Committee Secretariat referred to on the title page. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the

8、 American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Printed and dis

9、tributed by: Information Handling Services/Global Engineering Documents 15 Inverness Way East, Englewood, CO 80112-5776 Under Contract with National Electrical Manufacturers Association Copyright g2112003 by American National Standard Lighting Group In Affiliation with National Electrical Manufactur

10、ers Association All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publishe r.Printed in the United States of America Copyright 2003 by American National Standard Lighting Group NEMA

11、Page 2 of 19 ANSI C78.180-2003 Revision of C78.180-1972 Foreword (This foreword is not part of American National Standard C78.180-2003.) Suggestions for improvement of this standard should be submitted to the Secretariat C78, American National Lighting Group of the National Electrical Manufacturers

12、Association, 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 1847, Rosslyn, VA 22209. This standard was processed and approved by Accredited Standards Committee on Electric Lamps, C78, and its Sub-Committee, C78-2. Committee approval of the standard does not necessarily imply that all committee members voted for that

13、 approval. Information concerning approval of this standard is based on the documents listed in the table below. Amendment / Change CDV RV Revision CDV C78(2)/4131 RV 78(2)/4132 David Mullen, Chairman, C78 David Mullen, Technical Coordinator Randolph N. Roy, ANSLG Secretariat Matthew C. Clark, Coord

14、inating Editor Copyright 2003 by American National Standard Lighting Group NEMA Page 3 of 19 ANSI C78.180-2003 Revision of C78.180-1972 Table of Contents Foreword 3 1. Scope 5 2. Normative References 5 3. Definitions 5 3.1 General 5 3.2 Glow Switch Starters 6 3.3 Thermal Starters 6 4. Starter Identi

15、fication 6 4.1 Marking 6 4.2 Types of Starters 6 4.3 Nomenclature 7 5. Supply Voltage Characteristics 8 6. Ambient Conditions for Testing 8 6.1 Temperature 8 6.2 Humidity 8 7. Test Lamps 8 7.1 Type 8 7.2 Seasoning and Selection of Lamps for Starting-Time Tests 8 7.3 Lamps for Lamp Starting Endurance

16、 Tests 9 7.4 Lamps for Deactivated Lamp Endurance Tests 9 8. Test Ballasts 9 8.1 Ballasts for Starting Tests 9 8.2 Ballasts for Endurance Tests 9 9. Instruments 9 9.1 Instrument Characteristics 9 9.2 Circuit Grounding 10 10 Starting Aids 10 11. Starter Performance 10 11.1 Method of Test 10 11.2 Star

17、ting and Preheat Time 11 11.3 Test of Lockout Mechanism 13 11.4 Voltage Characteristics of Voltage-Operated Starters 14 11.5 Current Characteristics of Four-Pin Current-Operated Starters 15 11.6 Radio Interference Suppression 15 11.7 Starting Test at Elevated Temperatures 15 11.8 Endurance 15 1.9 St

18、arter safety 17 12. Dimensions 18 13. Recommended Temperature Limits 19 14. Testing of Starters Intended for Operation on Direct Current 19 15. Conditions of Acceptance 19 Copyright 2003 by American National Standard Lighting Group NEMA Page 4 of 19 ANSI C78.180-2003 Revision of C78.180-1972 Specifi

19、cations for Fluorescent Lamp Starters 1. Scope This standard is intended to cover performance of glow switch starters used with preheat-type fluorescent and similar discharge lamps. It does not include starters that are an integral part of a lamp or manually operated switches that may be used for la

20、mp starting. 2. Normative References The following publications contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this American National Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agr

21、eements based on this American National Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the publications indicated below. ANSI C78.81-2003, Electric Lamps Double-based Fluorescent Lamps - Dimensional and Electrical Characteristics ANSI C78.901-2001, Ele

22、ctric lamps Fluorescent Single-based types - Dimensional and electrical characteristics ANSI C82.1-1997, Line frequency fluorescent lamp ballasts UL 542 Standard for Lampholders, Starters, and Starter Holders for fluorescent lamps 3. Definitions 3.1 General Starters are devices which initially conne

23、ct the cathodes, usually in series, of fluorescent or similar discharge lamps directly across the ballast-supply circuit so as to provide cathode preheating. When the starter contacts open, the voltage transient due to interrupting the current through the ballast is applied across the lamp to establ

24、ish an arc. Starters also include a capacitor for the suppression of radio interference during lamp starting and lamp operation. They may also include a circuit-opening device, arranged to disconnect the preheat circuit if the lamp fails to light normally. Copyright 2003 by American National Standar

25、d Lighting Group NEMA Page 5 of 19 ANSI C78.180-2003 Revision of C78.180-1972 3.2 Glow Switch Starters This type has normally open contacts, in a gaseous atmosphere. One or both is a bimetal strip(s). On starting, the full supply voltage is applied across the open contacts, producing a glow discharg

26、e. Heat from the discharge actuates the bimetal strip(s), the contacts close (extinguishing the glow), and cathode preheating begins. When the bimetal strip(s) cool sufficiently, the contacts open. The resulting interruption of the current through the ballast produces a transient which usually start

27、s the lamp. Should the lamp fail to start, the above process repeats. 3.3 Thermal Starters This type has normally closed contacts, one or both of which is a bimetal strip(s). Also, it has a heating coil in series with the ballast and lamp cathodes. When the supply voltage is first applied to the cir

28、cuit, cathode preheating begins immediately. The heating coil actuates the bimetal strip(s), causing the normally closed contacts to open after an adequate preheat time, and the lamp starts. During lamp operation, a small amount of energy is consumed by thermal starters by a heating coil which keeps

29、 the contacts from reclosing. This type of starter is no longer commonly available and is not covered in this standard. 4. Starter Identification 4.1 Marking Starters shall be marked to indicate their type according to 4.2 and with the rating of the lamps with which they are intended to be used. Oth

30、er markings may be required by UL 542. 4.2 Types of Starters The following type descriptions are given for starters, together with markings that shall appear on the starter enclosures 4.2.1 Simple Glow Switch This device contains no lockout element. There is no required marking. 4.2.2 Lockout Manual

31、 Reset Glow Switch This device automatically removes the lamp from the circuit electrically when the lamp becomes deactivated. The circuit is restored manually. Starter enclosures shall be marked “Manual Reset.” 4.2.3 Lockout Automatic Reset Glow Switch This device automatically removes the lamp fro

32、m the circuit electrically when the lamp becomes deactivated and automatically resets when the lamp circuit is interrupted. Starter enclosures shall be marked “Automatic (or Auto) Reset.” Copyright 2003 by American National Standard Lighting Group NEMA Page 6 of 19 ANSI C78.180-2003 Revision of C78.

33、180-1972 4.3 Nomenclature See Table 1 for type designations. Some types of starters in Table 1 may be marked as suitable for use with additional lamps beyond those shown in the table. Table 1 Type Designation of Starters Lamp Application Simple switch Lockout manual-reset Lockout automatic reset 2 p

34、in 4 pin 2pin 4 pin 2 pin 4 pin 118 - 120 volt nominal 4,6,8 W FS-5 14, 15, 20 W FS-2 FS-20 FS-2NA COP-20 FS-20A 22W circular FS-22 25W FS-25 150 volt nominal 32W circular FS-12 90W FS-6 FS-64 COP-6 COP-64 FS-6NA FS-64NA200 volt nominal 30W FS-4 FS-30 COP-30 40W FS-4 FS-40 FS-4NACOP-40 FS-40A Copyri

35、ght 2003 by American National Standard Lighting Group NEMA Page 7 of 19 ANSI C78.180-2003 Revision of C78.180-1972 5. Supply Voltage Characteristics The supply voltage shall be equal to the rated voltage of the ballast or for certain tests, the voltage specified in this standard. During periods of s

36、tabilization, the supply shall be stable within + 0.5 %. This tolerance is reduced to + 0.2 % during measurement. The waveshape of the supply voltage shall be a sine wave, and shall have a waveshape such that the root-mean-square (rms) summation of the harmonic components shall not exceed 3% of the

37、fundamental for all conditions which occur during the measurement. Note: This implies that the source of the supply should have sufficient power, and that the supply circuit should have a sufficiently low impedance, compared with the ballast impedance. 6. Ambient Conditions for Testing 6.1 Temperatu

38、re The ambient temperature shall be 25C 5C (77F g177 9g176F). 6.2 Humidity The relative humidity is not restricted. 7. Test Lamps 7.1 Type When lamp starting-time or endurance tests are made on starters, the fluorescent lamps used shall be the principal type for which the starter was designed. 7.2 S

39、easoning and Selection of Lamps for Starting-Time Tests Commercially available lamps, of recent manufacture, recommended for use in preheat (Switch) start circuits shall be used. Where several lamp types are used with a given ballast-starter combination, the most popular lamp type shall be used. (1)

40、 For F4T5, F6T5, F8T5 use F8T5 lamps. (2) For F14T12, F15T12, F20T12 use F20T12 lamps. To avoid the possibility of using lamps of poor quality, the lamps shall be seasoned a minimum of 100 hours and shall be selected to have operating voltages within 2.5 percent of rated operating voltage as given i

41、n American National Standard C78.81 or C78.901. Lamps shall be replaced if an appreciable degree of end discoloration is visible. Lamps showing swirling or other abnormal conditions should not be used. Copyright 2003 by American National Standard Lighting Group NEMA Page 8 of 19 ANSI C78.180-2003 Re

42、vision of C78.180-1972 7.3 Lamps for Lamp Starting Endurance Tests Lamps shall be commercial products of good quality and less than two years old. 7.4 Lamps for Deactivated Lamp Endurance Tests Deactivated lamps are generally recommended. However, in the case of glow starters, single cathodes from e

43、ach of two lamps or resistances equivalent to the resistances of the cathodes may be used. 8. Test Ballasts 8.1 Ballasts for Starting Tests Where available, ballasts shall be commercial products which meet the requirements of American National Standard C82.1. Ballasts shall have a rating suitable fo

44、r the principal type of lamp for which the starter was designed. For certain families of lamps, namely the F4, 6, and 8-watt T-5 lamps and the F14, 15, and 20-watt lamps, so-called “universal” ballasts are used almost exclusively throughout the lighting industry. For testing starters for these famil

45、ies of lamps “universal” ballasts may be used. In any event, ballasts shall be selected or adjusted to meet all three of the following requirements: (1) Open-circuit voltage at 90 percent rated line voltage to be not less than, nor more than 3 percent greater than the voltage limit A as given in 11.

46、4. (2) Preheat current within five percent of design at rated line voltage, where “design” is defined as the mean between maximum and minimum preheat current limits as given in the relevant American National Standard C78.81 or C78.901. (3) Open-circuit voltage applied to the starter with a deactivat

47、ed lamp in the circuit at rated line voltage shall not exceed 110 percent of the nominal open-circuit voltage as given in 11.4. This requirement is included primarily for ballasts with “compensating preheat windings.” 8.2 Ballasts for Endurance Tests Ballasts for endurance tests shall comply with th

48、e requirements of 8.1 (1) and (2). 9. Instruments 9.1 Instrument Characteristics 9.1.1 Potential Circuits Instruments used for measurements of secondary voltages shall not draw more than three percent of rated lamp current. Copyright 2003 by American National Standard Lighting Group NEMA Page 9 of 19 ANSI C78.180-2003 Revision of C78.180-1972 9.1.2 Current Circuits Instruments connected in series with the lamp shall have an impedance such that the voltage drop does not exceed two percent of rat