1、NEMA Standards PublicationNational Electrical Manufacturers AssociationNEMA EW 1-1988 (R2004)Electric Arc Welding Power SourcesMarch 26,1992 To: All Known Holders of EW 1 Subject: Revision No. 1 to NEMA Standards Publication for Electric Arc Welding Power Sources, NEMA Pub. NO. EW 1-1988 Dear Sirs:
2、Revision No. 1, consisting of printed pages dated NOVEMBER 1991, is enclosed for insertion into your copy of the subject publication. Also enclosed is a title page to indicate that your book now contains Revision 1. Often the technical changes required in a standard cause material to shift. Therefor
3、e, to keep your document complete, you should remove and insert all pages as indicated. Please remove the following pages from your copy and replace them as indicated: Remove Page: Title Page EW 1-1988 Table of Contents iii Page 1-1988/2-1988 Page 3-1988/4-1988 Page 5-1988/6-1988 Page 9- 1 98 8/1 O-
4、 1 988 Page 1 5 - 1988/16- 198 8 Replace with Page: Title Page EW 1- 1988 (Rev. 1) Table of Contents iii Page 1 - 1988/2- 199 1 Page 3-1988/4-1988 Page 5-1988/6-1991 Page 9- 199 1/10- 1988 Page 15- 199 1/16- 1988 Christopher E. Smith Publications Assistant Editor Encl.: Revision No. 1 to EW 1-1988 N
5、EMA EW 1-1988 EW 1 ELECTRIC ARC WELDING POWER SOURCES Revision No. l-November 1991 Published by: National Electrical Manufacturers Association 2101 L Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20037 O 1988 by National Electrical Manufacturers Association NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER The information in this publication wa
6、s considered technically sound by the consensus of persons engaged in the development and approval of the document at the time it was developed. Consensus does not necessarily mean that there is unanimous agreement among every person participating in the development of this document. The National El
7、ectrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) standards and guideline publications, of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a voluntary consensus standards development process. This process brings together volunteers and/or seeks out the views of persons who have an interest
8、 in the topic covered by this publication. While NEMA administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not write the document and it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy or completeness of any information or the sound
9、ness of any judgments contained in its standards and guideline publications. NEMA disclaims liability for any personal injury, property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of
10、, application, or reliance on this document. NEMA disclaims and makes no guaranty or warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein, and disclaims and makes no warranty that the information in this document will fulfill any of your particular p
11、urposes or needs. NEMA does not undertake to guarantee the performance of any individual manufacturer or sellers products or services by virtue of this standard or guide. In publishing and making this document available, NEMA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on beha
12、lf of any person or entity, nor is NEMA undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonabl
13、e care in any given circumstances. Information and other standards on the topic covered by this publication may be available from other sources, which the user may wish to consult for additional views or information not covered by this publication. NEMA has no power, nor does it undertake to police
14、or enforce compliance with the contents of this document. NEMA does not certify, test, or inspect products, designs, or installations for safety or health purposes. Any certification or other statement of compliance with any health or safety- related information in this document shall not be attribu
15、table to NEMA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. TABLE OF CONTENTS pppe FOREWORD . i SCOPE . 111 PURPOSE . ii . Section 1 REFERENCED STANDARDS Referenced Standards . 1 Definitions . 2 Section 2 GENERAL Suitability of Operation 6 Arc Welding Power Source with
16、 Integral Wire Feed Unit 6 Service Conditions . 6 Usual Service Conditions . 6 Unusual Service Conditions 6 installation and Operation . 6 Section 3 CONSTRUCTION RJZQUIFEMENTS-MECHANICAL CONSIDERATIONS Frame and Enclosure Enclosure Construction Openings in Enclosures Comsion Protection Service Line
17、Hoses . Water Cooling . Brushes . Jerk and Drop Tests Stacking of Arc Wclding Power Sources . . 7 . 7 . 8 . 8 . 8 . 9 . 9 . 9 . 9 Section 4 CONSTRUCTION REQUREMENTS-ELECRICAL CONSIDERATIONS Power Supply Connection-General 13 Power Supply By Flexible Cord 13 Power Supply By Permanent Wiring System .
18、14 Grounding . 14 Corrosion Protection 14 Output Provisions . 15 Internal Wiring Requirements . 16 Classification of insulation Systems 16 Requirements For Specific Components . 16 Output Regulating Taps 17 Auxiliary Power Supply 17 Short Circuit of Welding Circuit 17 Spacings 16 Section 5 RATINGS A
19、ND PERFORMANCE Input Ratings of Arc Welding Power Sources Operating From Electrical Power Supplies . 19 Power Factor Correction 19 Open Circuit Voltage 19 Output Ratings of Constant Cumnt NEMA Class I Output Ratings of Constant Current NEMA Class II Output Ratings of Constant Current NEMA Class III
20、Output Ratings of Constant Wltage NEMA Class I Arc Welding Power Sources . Arc Welding Power Sources . Arc Welding Power Sources . Arc Welding Power Sources . 19 21 21 23 No Load peration . 23 Temperature Rise 23 Nameplate Marking 24 Section 6 TEMPERATURE TESTS Testing procedures for Arc Welding Pow
21、er Sources . 26 Thermometer Method of Temperature Determination . Resistance Method of Temperature Determination 26 Applied Thermocouple Method of Temperature Determination . 26 Determination of Ambient Temperature Cooling Air Temperam During Tests 27 Omission of Temperature Test on Duplicate Appara
22、tus Correction of Temperature to Tme of Shutdown . 27 Stopping Generator-Type Power Sources for Temperature Tests . 27 26 27 27 Section 7 HIGH-POTENTIAL TESTS High-Potential Tests 28 Duration of Application of Test Wltage Points of Application of Test Wlrage . 28 Temperature at Which High Potentiai
23、Tests Are To Be Made . High Potential Test Procedure for Components and Accessories Production Line High Potential Testing TestWltage 28 28 28 28 28 . Section 8 EFFICIENCY AND POWER FACOR Method of Determining Efficiency and Power Factor 30 Section 9 POWER SOURCES To BE USED WITH GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WE
24、LDING (GTAW) Definitions 31 General . 31 Wlt Ampere Relationship for GAW . 31 Categories of GAW Power Sources . 31 Nameplate Marking . 32 Section 10 ARC WELDING POWER SOURCES WITH HIGH FREQUENCY ARC STARTING AND/OR STABILIZING General . 33 Definitions . 33 Radio Frequency Radiation 33 Arc Welding In
25、stallations 34 CerMications of HFSAW Instaiiations 35 HF Classification General Principles for Installation of High Frequency Stabilized 33 *ope This Standards Publication defrnes minimum mechanical and electrical construction and per- 1. Single phase transformer or transformer-rectifier; 2. Polypha
26、se transformer or transforma-rect; 3. Dcgenerator; 4. AC generator or ac generator with rectifier, 5. Associated electrical attachments; and 6. Power source with integral wire feed unit. formance requirements applying to the following arc welding power sources: . 111 EW 1-1988 Page 1 ELECTRIC ARC WE
27、LDING POWER SOURCES Section 1 REFERENCED STANDARDS AND DEFINITIONS 1.1 REFERENCED STANDARDS American National Standards Institute 1430 Broadway New York, NY 10018 zA9.1-1988 C57.12.90- 1987 Safety in Welding and Cutting American National Standard Distribution Powa, and Regulating Transformers, Test
28、Code for Liquid Immersed C63.2-1987 C63.4- 198 I (25.6-1979 E-1 - 1980 E-2-1983 112-1984 1 13- 1985 117-1974 (R1985) 304-1977 WD 1-1983 EW 3-1983 (R1989) Standard for Instrumentatiolectognetic Noise and Field Strength, 10 KHz to 40 GHz-Specific Methods of Measurement of Radio Noise Emmissionsfrom Lo
29、w-Voltage Electrical and Elecironic Equipment in the 10 WJz to 1 GHz Range American Welding Society 550 N.W. Le Jeune Road, P.O. Box 35 1040 Miami, FL 33135 Recommended Safe Practices for Gas-Metal Arc Welding Compressed Gas Association Crystal Gateway 1, Suite 501 1235 Jefferson Davis Highway Arlin
30、gton, VA22202 Standard Connections For Regulator Outlets,Torches and Fitted Hose For Welding and Cutting Equipment Hose Link Check Valve Standards For Welding and Cutting Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 345 E. 47th St. New York, NY 10017 Standard Test Procedure for Polyphase Induct
31、ion Motors and Generators Guide onTest Procedures for DC Machines Standard Test hocedure For Evaluation of Systems of Insulating Materials for Random-wound AC Electric Machinery Test Procedure Evaluation and Classijkation of Insulation System for DC Machines National Electrical Manufacturers Associa
32、tion 2101 L Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20037 General Requirements for Wiring Devices Semiautomatic Wire Feed Systems for Arc Welding NOVEMBER 1991 Page 2 EEW 1-1988 ANSI/NFPA 713-1987 IP2-1987 E- 1990 National Fire Protection Association Batterymarch Park Quincy, MA 02269 National Electrical Code
33、 Rubber Manufacturers Association 1400 K Street N.W., Suite 900 Washington D.C. 20005 Ilose Handbook Specifications for Rubber Welding Ilose Underwriters Laboratories Inc. 333 Pfingsten Road Northbrook, IL 60062 ANSz/Ln94-1990 ANSI/UL 551-1986 lest For Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in
34、Devices and Appliances lransformer-Type Arc Welding Machines II .2 DEFINITIIONS AC GENERATOR ARC WELDING POWER SOURCE An ac generator arc welding power source is an ac generator with lhe associated control and indicating de- vices required ti3 produce alternating current suitable for ia welding. NEM
35、AStandard 1-1 1-1983. AC/DC GENERATOR-RECTIFIER ARC WELD- ING POWER SOURCE An acldc generator-rectifier arc welding power source is ii combination of an alternating current generator and static rectifiers with the associated control and indicating de- vices required to produce either alternating or
36、direct cur- rent suitable for arc welding. NEMAStandard 1-1 1-1983. AC TRANSFORMER ARC WELDING POWER SOURCE An ac transfoirmer arc welding power source utilizes a transformer having isolated primary and secondary wind- ings with the associated control and indicating devices required to produce an al
37、ternating current suitable for arc welding. NEMAStandard 1-1 1-1983. ACIDC TRANSFORMER-RECTIFR ARC WELDING POWER SOURCE An ac/dc transformer-rectifier air: welding power source is a combination of a transformer, having isolated primary and secondary windings, and static rectifiers with the associate
38、d conuol and indicating devices required to pro- duce either alternating or direct current suitable for arc welding. NEMAStandard 1-1 1-1983. ARC WELDING POWER SOURCE WITH INTEGRAL WIRE FEED UNIT structed such that both are housed in a single enclosure. An arc wclding power source and wire feed unit
39、 con- NEMA Standard 11-15-1991. ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL ATTACHMENTS Associated electrical attachments are those electrical controls, cables, accessories, and such, attached to the arc welding power source to facilitate control, function, or operation and that are external to the power source enclo- su
40、re. NEMAStandard 1-1 1-1983. AUXILIARY POWER SUPPLY An auxiliary power supply is a separate source of power available to the operator, which is provided by the arc welding power source for purposes other than supplying power to the welding arc. NEMAStandard 1-1 1-1983. CONSlANT CURRENT ARC WELDING P
41、OWER SOURCE A constant current arc welding power source is a power source that has means for adjusting the load current and that has a static volt ampere curve that tends to produce a relatively constant load current. The load voltage, at a given load current, is responsive to the rate at which a co
42、nsumable electrode is fed into the arc, except that, when a nonconsumable clectrode is used, the load voltage is responsive to the electrode to work distance. NEMAStandard 1-1 1-1983. CONSTANT CURRENT/CONSANT VOLTAGE ARC WELDING POWER SOURCE A constant curren/constant voltage arc welding power sourc
43、e is a power source that has the selectable charac- EW 1-1988 Page 3 teristics of a constant current arc welding power source or constant voltage arc welding power source. NEMAStandard 1-1 1-1983. COMANT VOLTAGE ARC WELDING POWER SOURCE A constant voltage arc welding power source is a power source w
44、hich has means for adjusting the load voltage and has a static volt ampere curve that produces a relatively constant load voltage. The load current, at a given load voltage, is responsive to the rate at which a consumable electrode is fed into the arc. NEMAStandad 1-11-1983. DC GENERATOR ARC WELDING
45、 POWER SOURCE A dc generator arc welding power source is a dc gener- ator with the associated control and indicating devices required to produce direct current suitable for arc welding. NEMA Standard 1-1 1-1983. DC GENERATOR-RECTIFIER ARC WELDING POWER SOURCE A dc generator-rectifier arc welding pow
46、er source is a combination of an ac generator and static rectifiers with the associated control and indicating devices required to produce direct current suitable for arc welding. NEMAStandard 1-1 1-1983. DC TRANSFORMER-RECTIFIER ARC WELD- ,ING POWER SOURCE A dc transformer-rect5er arc welding power
47、 source is a combination of a transformer, having isolated primary and secondary windings, and static rectifien with the associated conwl and indicating devices required to produce direct current suitable for arc welding. NEMAStandad 1-11-1983. DUTY CYCLE Duty cycle, expressed in percent, is the rat
48、io of arc time to total time. For the purpose of these standards. the time period of one complete test cycle shall be 10 minutes. (For example, in the case of a 60 percent duty cycle, load shall be applied continuously for 6 minutes and shall be off for 4 minutes.) NEM4 StdXd 1-24-1962. EFFICIENCY T
49、he efficiency of an arc welding power source is the ratio of the power output at the welding terminals to the total power input. Unless otherwise specified, the efficiency shall be given when the power source is operated at rated output. NEMAStandard 1-1 1-1983. ENCLOSURE An arc welding power source enclosure is the surround- ing case or housing constructed to provide a degree of protection to personnel against incidental contact with energized and moving parts and to provide a degree of protection to the power source against damage that will adversely affect its operation. NEMASta
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