NEMA EW 4-2009 Graphic Symbols for Arc Welding and Cutting Apparatus《电弧焊和切割装置图形符号》.pdf

1、NEMA Standards PublicationNational Electrical Manufacturers AssociationNEMA EW 4-2009Graphic Symbols for Arc Welding and Cutting ApparatusNEMA Standards Publication EW 4-2009 Graphic Symbols for Arc Welding and Cutting Apparatus Published by National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 1

2、7th Street, Suite 1752 Rosslyn, VA 22209 2009 by National Electrical Manufacturers Association. All rights, including translation into other languages, reserved under the Universal Copyright Convention, the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, and the International and

3、 Pan American Copyright Conventions. EW 4-2009 2 2009, NEMA CONTENTS 1 Scope 6 2 References 6 2.1 Normative references 6 2.2 Informative references 6 3 Terms and definitions 9 4 Identification of parts and application 10 4.1 General .10 4.2 Procedure for parts11 4.3 Selection of symbols11 4.4 Size o

4、f symbols .12 4.5 Use of color.12 5 Graphic symbols.12 6 How to combine graphic symbols 52 6.1 General .52 6.2 Procedure to combine symbols 53 6.3 Summary.55 Annex A (informative) Examples of Grouping of Symbols .57 A.1 Input voltage/power switch.57 A.2 Use of remote receptacles and selector switche

5、s57 A.3 Weld start and stop push buttons .58 A.4 Panel indicator lights .58 A.5 Output (contactor) switch .59 A.6 Arc force control potentiometer 59 A.7 Terminals and selector switch on AC/DC welder.60 A.8 Process switch (SMAW-GTAW-GMAW)60 A.9 Ignition switch on engine driven welder 61 A.10 Idle swi

6、tch .61 A.11 Start/run switch .62 A.12 Process selection for GMAW62 A.13 Control potentiometers for GMAW63 A.14 Switched settings for GMAW63 A.15 Setting pulsing parameters using digital display64 A.16 Setting pulsed GMAW parameters with digital display.64 A.17 AC balance control with balanced posit

7、ion used for the SMAW process 65 EW 4-2009 3 2009, NEMA FOREWORD This publication provides manufacturers and users of arc welding and cutting equipment with a system of graphic symbols that can be used and recognized throughout the arc welding and cutting industry. These graphic symbols communicate

8、the required message independent of any language, thus minimizing difficulties that could arise when equipment is used by operators speaking different languages. There are three major factors contributing to the need for graphic symbols: 1) large numbers of functionally illiterate people in the labo

9、r force; 2) large numbers of non-English speaking U.S. residents; and 3) the diversity of the global marketplace. In an effort to communicate with as many people as possible, graphic symbols have been developed. This publication standardizes those graphic symbols used on arc welding and cutting equi

10、pment, explains their direct meaning, and shows their proper use. The work to develop graphic symbols that provide a clear and practical means of communicating to operators of arc welding and cutting equipment the function and use of equipment controls unique to the arc welding and cutting industry

11、has been in progress for a number of decades. In 1957, the International Organization for Standardization Technical Committee 44 (Welding) (ISO/TC 44) began work on the rating of manual arc welding equipment. This led to the publication of ISO Recommendation R700. In 1976, Subcommittee SC 4 (Arc Wel

12、ding Equipment) of ISO/TC 44 proposed a revision of ISO R700 that incorporated graphic symbols for the identification of equipment control functions and description of welding processes. In 1977, the NEMA Arc Welding Apparatus Graphic Symbols Committee, consisting of representatives of arc welding e

13、quipment manufacturers, was formed to review the ISO symbols. In 1982, the first edition of NEMA Standards Publication EW 4 was published. In its preparation, the Committee also gave consideration to the work of other organizations such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), th

14、e American Welding Society (AWS), the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), as well as the symbols being used by U.S. and European welding and cutting equipment manufacturers. Many of the symbols were adopted directly from the work of these organ

15、izations, and credit was given to them in EW 4. As a result, the Committee proposed additional symbols for the identification and use of equipment controls that were captured in the first edition of NEMA EW 4. The first edition contained 92 of the most commonly used symbols for welding and cutting p

16、roducts. In 1984, Technical Committee ISO/TC 145 published ISO 7000 incorporating the graphic symbols from R700 and a 1979 amendment that provided symbols for all kinds of equipment. In 1989, ISO 7000 was revised and published. In 1988, NEMA EW 4 was rescinded. In 1994, a new version of EW 4 was pub

17、lished. As in the past, this edition gave a great deal of consideration to the work of other organizations, both national and international. Where symbols were used directly from another source, credit was given to that document. This edition added information on how to combine graphic symbols as we

18、ll as additional and more current examples EW 4-2009 4 2009, NEMA of their use. This edition contained 185 symbols to accommodate more complex products and processes. Noting advancements in technology and equipment, changes in the global marketplace, and greater need for harmonization with internati

19、onally used graphic symbols, a revision to EW 4 began in 2004 leading to the publication of this document. This 2009 edition of EW 4 has three main enhancements. First, it adds symbols from Annex L of IEC 60974-1. Secondly, this revision uses an international style acceptable to NEMA drafting princi

20、ples that harmonize with ISO/IEC documentation methods. Thirdly, where multiple symbols for the same control, function, or item exist, they are added and shown together to aid ease of use and clarity. As a result, this edition contains 217 symbols to address the expanded needs of users. This publica

21、tion will be reviewed periodically by the NEMA Arc Welding Section for the purpose of updating graphic symbols to reflect advancing technology or the latest graphic symbol applications. Please address any comments or questions regarding this publication to: Vice President, Technical Services Nationa

22、l Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 1752 Rosslyn, VA 22209 Comments from parties that have an interest in, or responsibility for, the purchase, application, use, and inspection of arc welding and cutting equipment were considered throughout the revision of this publi

23、cation, and led to a number of changes from the previous edition. When major changes to this publication are proposed, these parties will again have the opportunity to participate in NEMA committee proceedings in order to review and comment on the revision. The artwork for the graphic symbols shown

24、in this publication is stored in NEMAs electronic files. More information on downloading these files free of charge can be found on the EW 4 webpage at http:/www.nema.org/stds/ew4.cfm. EW 4-2009 5 2009, NEMA NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER The information in this publication was considered technically sound b

25、y the consensus of persons engaged in the development and approval of the document at the time it was developed. Consensus does not necessarily mean that there is unanimous agreement among every person participating in the development of this document. NEMA standards and guideline publications, of w

26、hich the document contained herein is one, are developed through a voluntary consensus standards development process. This process brings together volunteers and/or seeks out the views of persons who have an interest in the topic covered by this publication. While NEMA administers the process and es

27、tablishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not write the document and it does not independently test, evaluate or verify the accuracy or completeness of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards and guideline publications. NEMA dis

28、claims liability for any personal injury, property or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, application, or reliance on this document. NEMA disclaims and makes no guaranty or wa

29、rranty, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein, and disclaims and makes no warranty that the information in this document will fulfill any of your particular purposes or needs. NEMA does not undertake to guarantee the performance of any individual

30、manufacturers or sellers products or services by virtue of this standard or guide. In publishing and making this document available, NEMA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity. Nor is NEMA undertaking to perform any duty owed by any pers

31、on or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. Information and other standards on the topic covered

32、by this publication may be available from other sources, which the user may wish to consult for additional views or information not covered by this publication. NEMA has no power, nor does it undertake to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this document. NEMA does not certify, test or

33、 inspect products, designs or installations for safety or health purposes. Any certification or other statement of compliance with any health or safetyrelated information in this document shall not be attributable to NEMA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. E

34、W 4-2009 6 2009, NEMA 1 Scope This publication provides graphic symbols for arc welding and cutting equipment, including those symbols used to identify controls, indicators, connection points, operations, functions, commands, and processes. This publication does not cover graphic symbols used to ale

35、rt personnel of immediate or potential personal hazards in the use of the equipment. 2 References 2.1 Normative references Each publication listed below is directly referenced in subsequent clauses of this publication, and has a corresponding footnote identifying the publisher and, where available,

36、information on how to order the publication. It is recommended that the latest edition be requested when ordering a standard. IEC 60027-1, Letter symbols to be used in electrical technology Part 1: General1IEC 60417-1, Graphical Symbols for use on equipment Part 1: Overview and application2IEC 60974

37、-1, Arc welding equipment Part 1: Welding power sources1 ISO 3767-1, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Symbols for operator controls and other displays Part 1: Common symbols3ISO 7000, Graphical symbols for use on equipment Index and synopsis2 ISO 17

38、846, Welding and allied processes Health and safety Wordless precautionary labels for equipment and consumables used in arc welding and cutting3 SAE International, Handbook42.2 Informative references Each publication listed below has a corresponding footnote identifying the publisher and, where avai

39、lable, information on how to order the publication. It is recommended that the latest edition be requested when ordering a standard. ANSI/IEC 60974-1, Arc welding equipment Part 1: Welding power sources5 1Published by, and available from, the International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varem

40、b, Geneva 1120, Switzerland; website: www.iec.ch 2IEC 60417 and ISO 7000 are published in a single volume, available from the International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varemb, Geneva 1120, Switzerland; website: www.iec.ch 3Published by, and available from, International Organization for St

41、andardization (ISO), 1 rue de Varemb, Geneva 1120, Switzerland; website: www.iso.org 4Published by, and available from, SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15906; website: www.sae.org; phone: 1-877-606-7323 5Published by National Electrical Manufacturers Association and availab

42、le from Global Engineering Documents; website: ; phone: 1-877-413-5184 EW 4-2009 7 2009, NEMA ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Welding and Cutting6ANSI Z129.1, American National Standard for Hazardous Industrial Chemicals Precautionary Labeling7ANSI Z535.1, Safety Color Code8ANSI Z535.2, Environmental and Faci

43、lity Safety Signs8 ANSI Z535.3, Criteria for Safety Symbols8 ANSI Z535.4, Product Safety Signs and Labels8 ANSI Z535.5, Safety Tags and Barricade Tapes (for Temporary Hazards)8 ANSI Z535.6, Product Safety Information in Product Manuals, Instructions, and Other Collateral Materials8 ASME Y14.5M, Dime

44、nsioning and Tolerancing9AWS A3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Definitions6 CAN/CSA E60974-1-00 (R2005), Arc welding equipment Part 1: Welding power sources10CAN/CSA E60974-5-03, Arc welding equipment Part 5: Wire Feeders10CAN/CSA E60974-7-02 (R2007), Arc welding equipment Part 7: Torches10CSA C22.2

45、No. 60, Arc Welding Equipment10 DIN 30 600, Graphic Symbols (Bildzeichen bersicht)11FMC, Product Safety Sign and Label System12 6Published by, and available from, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126; website: www.aws.org; phone: 1-800-443-9353 7Available from American Na

46、tional Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036; website: www.ansi.org; phone: 1-212-642-4980 8Published by National Electrical Manufacturers Association and available through Global Engineering Documents; website: ; phone: 1-877-413-5184 9Published, and available from, ASME Inte

47、rnational, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990; website: www.asme.org; phone: 1-800-843-2763 10Published by, and available from, Canadian Standards Association, 5060 Spectrum Way, Mississauga, Ontario L4W 5N6, Canada; website: www.csa.ca; phone: 1-800-463-6727 11Published by Deutsche Institut

48、 fr Normung and available from Beuth Verlag GmbH, Burggrafenstrae 6, 10787 Berlin, Germany; website: www.beuth.de 12Published by FMC Corporation, Corporate Technology Center, P.O. Box 580, Santa Clara, CA 95052 EW 4-2009 8 2009, NEMA Henry Dreyfuss, Symbol Sourcebook: An Authoritative Guide to Inter

49、national Graphic Symbols13William K. Horton, The Icon Book: Visual Symbols for Computer Documentation14IEC 80416-1, Basic principles for graphical symbols for use on equipment Part 1: Creation of symbol originals15IEEE 315, Graphic Symbols for Electrical and Electronics Diagrams (Including Reference Designation Class Designation Letters)16ISO 3461-1, General principles for the creation of graphical symbols Part 1: Graphical symbols for use on equipment17ISO 3864-2, Gra