NEMA LI 1-1998 Industrial Laminating Thermosetting Products《工业层压热固性产品》.pdf

1、NEMA Standards PublicationNational Electrical Manufacturers AssociationNEMA LI 1-1998 (R2011)Industrial Laminating Thermosetting ProductsNEMA STANDARDS PUBLICATION LI 1-1998(R2011) Industrial Laminating Thermosetting Products Published by National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17th

2、 Street Rosslyn, Virginia 22209 Copyright 2011 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. All rights including translation into other languages, reserved under the Universal Copyright Convention, the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, and the International

3、 and Pan American Copyright Conventions. NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER The information in this publication was considered technically sound by the consensus of persons engaged in the development and approval of the document at the time it was developed. Consensus does not necessarily mean that there is unan

4、imous agreement among every person participating in the development of this document. The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) standards and guideline publications, of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a voluntary consensus standards development proces

5、s. This process brings together volunteers and/or seeks out the views of persons who have an interest in the topic covered by this publication. While NEMA administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not write the document and it does not

6、 independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy or completeness of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards and guideline publications. NEMA disclaims liability for any personal injury, property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, in

7、direct, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, application, or reliance on this document. NEMA disclaims and makes no guaranty or warranty, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein, and disclaim

8、s and makes no warranty that the information in this document will fulfill any of your particular purposes or needs. NEMA does not undertake to guarantee the performance of any individual manufacturer or sellers products or services by virtue of this standard or guide. In publishing and making this

9、document available, NEMA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity, nor is NEMA undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, a

10、s appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. Information and other standards on the topic covered by this publication may be available from other sources, which the user may wish to consult for additional views

11、or information not covered by this publication. NEMA has no power, nor does it undertake to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this document. NEMA does not certify, test, or inspect products, designs, or installations for safety or health purposes. Any certification or other statement

12、 of compliance with any health or safetyrelated information in this document shall not be attributable to NEMA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. LI 1-1998(R2011) Page i CONTENTS Foreword iii Section 1 GENERAL 1 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Referenced Standards . 1 1.3 C

13、ross Reference MIL Spec and LI 1 Spec Sheets 4 1.4 History of Laminated Materials Standards . 4 1.5 General Description . 5 1.5.1 Sheets . 5 1.5.2 Round Tubes . 6 1.5.3 Rods 6 1.5.4 Molded Shapes . 6 1.6 General Fabrication Technologies . 6 1.7 Thermal Classification 6 1.8 Grades and Standardization

14、 6 Section 2 APPLICATION AND DEFINITIONS . 7 2.1 Application 7 2.2 Definitions 8 2.2.1 Paper-base Grades with Phenolic Resin Binder . 8 2.2.2 Flame Retardant Paper Base Grades. 9 2.3 Engraving Stock Grades 10 2.4 Fabric-base Grades, with Phenolic Resin Binder 10 2.5 Glass-base Grades 12 2.5.1 Phenol

15、ic Resin System . 12 2.5.2 Melamine Resin System . 12 2.5.3 Silicone Resin System 132.5.4 Epoxy Resin System . 13 2.6 Nylon-cloth Grade with Phenolic Resin Binder 14 2.7 Polyester Glass Laminates 14 2.8 Composite Base Laminates . 15Section 3 FORMS, COLORS, AND FINISHES 17 3.1 Quality and Workmanship

16、 173.2 Forms of Laminated Thermosetting Products 17 3.3 Colors Sheets, Tubes, and Rods 18 Section 4 DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES OF SHEETS, TUBES, AND RODS (CUSTOMARY UNITS) 20 4.1 Tolerances . 21 Section 5 SPECIFICATION SHEETS 22 01 Grade X . 23 02 Grade XP 29 03 Grade XPC 33 04 Grade XX 37 05 Grade X

17、XP . 47 06 Grade XXX 51 07 Grade XXXP 61 08 Grade XXXPC . 65 09 Grade ES-1 . 69 10 Grade ES-2 . 73 LI 1-1998(R2011) Page ii 11 Grade ES-3 . 77 12 Grade C . 81 13 Grade CE 89 14 Grade CF 95 15 Grade L . 101 16 Grade LE . 109 17 Grade G-3 . 119 18 Grade G-5 . 125 19 Grade G-7 . 133 20 Grade G-9 . 139

18、21 Grade G-10 . 145 22 Grade G-11 . 153 23 Grade N-1 . 157 24 Grade FR-1 . 161 25 Grade FR-2 . 165 26 Grade FR-3 . 169 27 Grade FR-4 . 173 28 Grade FR-5 . 181 29 Grade CEM-1 185 30 Grade CEM-3 187 31 Grade GPO-1 191 32 Grade GPO-2 195 33 Grade GPO-3 199 34 Grade GPO-1P 203 35 Grade GPO-2P 207 36 Gra

19、de GPO-3P 211 Appendix A 215 LI 1-1998(R2011) Page iii Foreword This standard deals with Industrial Unclad Laminates only. The standards for Industrial Laminates used in circuitry applications are now found in LI-2, which will be published shortly. Most of the materials in this publication have been

20、 developed over a period of years in close coordination with user needs. New and improved grades have been developed to satisfy military and industrial requirements particularly in the aerospace, electronic, and computer industries. In most cases, these standards are the same as military specificati

21、ons. NEMA standards for polyester-glass laminates were developed initially as a joint activity with the Society of the Plastics Industry, and a number of standards for laminates for printed circuits and multilayer circuits were developed jointly with the Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging E

22、lectronic Circuits (IPC). Both of these groups represent user interest in their memberships. In addition to cooperative work with the users on mechanical and electrical properties, much work has been carried on for Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. with regard to safety aspects of laminates, particula

23、rly the effect of heat, flammability, and ignition from electrical sources. User comments and recommendations are solicited on all aspects of these standards. They should be addressed to: Vice President Engineering Department National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 N. 17thStreet Suite 175

24、2 Rosslyn, VA 22209 This standards publication was developed by the Laminates Section. Section approval of the standard does not necessarily imply that all section members voted for its approval or participated in its development. At the time it was approved, the Group/Section was composed of the fo

25、llowing members: Accurate Plastics, Inc.Yonkers, New York Current, Inc.East Haven, Connecticut GE ElectromaterialsCoshocton, Ohio Glastic CorporationCleveland, Ohio Haysite Reinforced Plastic CompanyErie, Pennsylvania ILNorplex, Inc.Postville, Iowa Industrial Dielectric, Inc.Noblesville, Indiana Int

26、ernational Paper Company, Decorative Product Div.Hampton, South Carolina Iten IndustriesAshtabula, Ohio NVF CompanyYorklyn, Delaware Spaulding Composites CompanyTonawanda, New York NOTEFollowing 2011 reaffirmation, because of a change in the software used to publish this standard, page numbers and o

27、ther formatting details may differ from NEMA LI-1 1998. No substantive revision was intended. LI 1-1998(R2011) Page iv LI 1-1998(R2011) 1 Section 1 GENERAL 1.1 SCOPE The Scope of this standards publication includes information concerning the manufacture, testing, and performance of laminated thermos

28、etting products in the form of sheets, rods, and tubes. A new format for the Industrial Laminate (Unclad) Standard has been established in which the requirements for the physical and electrical properties of the individual NEMA Grades have been consolidated and placed on individual specification she

29、ets. With this format, all of the information on an individual material will be found in one place. 1.2 REFERENCED STANDARDS The titles of standards to which reference is made in this publication are as follows. Copies are available from the sources indicated. American Society for Testing and Materi

30、als 1916 Race Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 D 150-87 Tests for A-C Loss Characteristics and Dielectric Constant (Permittivity) of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials D 229-86 Testing Rigid Sheet and Plate Materials Used for Electrical Insulation D 256-88 Test for Impact Resistance of Plastics and

31、Electrical Insulating Materials D 257-78 (R 1983) Test for D-C Resistance or Conductance of Insulating Materials D 348-89 Testing Laminated Tubes Used for Electrical Insulation D 349-87 Testing Laminated Round Rods Used for Electrical Insulation D 459-84 Tests for High-Voltage, Low-Current Arc Resis

32、tance of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials D 570-81 (R 1988) Test for Water Absorption of Plastics D 621-64 (R 1988) Test for Deformation of Plastics Under Load D 709-87 Specifications for Laminated Thermosetting Materials D 790-86 Test for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plas

33、tics and Electrical Insulation Materials D 877-87 Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Liquids Using Disk Electrodes D 1180-57 (R 1978) Test for Bursting Strength of Round Rigid Plastic Tubing D 2303-85 Test for Liquid-Contaminant, Inclined-Plane tracking and Erosion o

34、f Insulating Materials Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 445 Hoes Lane Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331 1-1986.1 General Principles for Temperature Limits in the Ratings of Electric Equipment and for the Evaluation of Electric Insulation 98-1984 Guide for the Preparation of Test Procedures

35、for the Thermal Evaluation of Solid Electrical Insulating Systems for Electric Equipment 99-1980 Recommended Practice for the Preparation of Test Procedures for the Thermal Evaluation of Insulation Systems for Electrical Equipment 101-1972 (R 1987) Guide for Statistical Analysis of Test Data LI 1-19

36、98(R2011) 2 National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17thStreet Suite 1752 Rosslyn, VA 22209 LI 6-1993 (R1999) Relative Temperature Indices of Industrial Thermosetting Laminates LI 1-1989 (R1995) Industrial Laminate Thermosetting Products International Electrotechnical Commission Gen

37、eva, Switzerland IEC 60893 Specifications for Industrial Rigid Laminated Sheets Based on Thermosetting Resins for Electrical Purposes Sheets PF CP 203 PF CP 205 PF CP 206 PF CP 207 PF CP 208 IEC 61212 Industrial Rigid Round Laminated Tubes and Rods Based on Thermosetting Resins for Electrical Purpos

38、es Sheets PF CC 11 PF CC 13PF CC 21 (Rolled Tubes) PF CC 23 (Rolled Tubes) PF CC 33 (Molded Tubes) PF CC 43 (Molded Rods) EP CG 22 (Rolled Tubes) EP GC 202EP GC 32 EP GC 42EP GC 202 SI GC 21 (Rolled Tubes) SI GC 202 Underwriters Laboratories Northbrook, IL UL 94 Test for Flammability of Plastic Mate

39、rials for Parts in Devices and Appliances LI 1-1998(R2011) 3 Department of Defense, Navy Sea Systems Command Washington, DC MILSPEC I Insulation Plastics, Laminated Thermosetting : -24768/1 Glass-Cloth, Melamine-Resin (GME) -24768/2 Glass-Cloth, Epoxy-Resin (GEE) -24768/3 Glass-Cloth, Epoxy-Resin (G

40、EB) -24768/4 Glass-Mat, Polyester-Resin (GPO-N-1) -24768/5 Glass-Mat, Polyester-Resin (GPO-N-2) -24768/6 Glass-Mat, Polyester-Resin (GPO-N-2) -24768/8 Glass-Cloth, Melamine-Resin (GMG) -24768/9 Nylon-Fabric Base, Phenolic-Resin (NPG) -24768/10 Paper-Base, Phenolic-Resin (PBE) -24768/11 Paper-Base, P

41、henolic-Resin (PBG) -24768/12 Paper-Base, Phenolic-Resin (PBM) -24768/13 Cotton-Fabric-Base, Phenolic-Resin (FBE) -24768/14 Cotton-Fabric-Base, Phenolic-Resin (FBG) -24768/15 Cotton-Fabric-Base, Phenolic-Resin (FBI) -24768/16 Cotton-Fabric-Base, Phenolic-Resin (FBM) -24768/17 Glass-Cloth, Silicone-R

42、esin (GSG) -24768/18 Glass-Cloth, Phenolic-Resin (GPG) -24768/19 Paper-Base, Phenolic-Resin (PBM-P) -24768/20 Paper-Base, Phenolic-Resin (PBM-C) -24768/21 Paper-Base, Phenolic-Resin (PBG-P) -24768/22 Paper-Base, Phenolic-Resin (PBE-P) -24768/23 Paper-Base, Phenolic-Resin (PBE-PC) -24768/24 Paper-Bas

43、e, Phenolic-Resin (PBM-PF) -24768/25 Paper-Base, Phenolic-Resin (PBE-PCF) -24768/26 Paper-Base, Epoxy-Resin (PEE) -24768/27 Glass-Cloth, Epoxy-Resin (GEB-F) -24768/28 Glass-Cloth, Epoxy-Resin (GEB-F) -24768/29 Continuous Filament, Glass-Cloth, Epoxy-Resin (CEM-1) -24768/30 Continuous Filament, Glass

44、-Cloth, Epoxy-Resin (CEM-3) -24768/31 Glass-Mat, Polyester-Resin (GPO-N-1P) -24768/32 Glass-Mat, Polyester-Resin (GPO-N-28) -24768/33 Glass-Mat, Polyester-Resin (GPO-N-38) LI 1-1998(R2011) 4 1.3 MIL SPEC CROSS-REFERENCES MIL SPEC LI 1 Specification Sheet: 24768/1 Reference LI 1/20 G9 24768/2 Referen

45、ce LI 1/21 G10 24768/3 Reference LI 1/22 G11 24768/4 Reference LI 1/31 GPO-1 24768/5 Reference LI 1/32 GPO-2 24768/6 Reference LI 1/33 GPO-3 24768/8 Reference LI 1/18 G5 24768/9 Reference LI 1/23 N-1 24768/10 Reference LI 1/06 XXX 24768/11 Reference LI 1/04 XX 24768/12 Reference LI 1/01 X 24768/13 R

46、eference LI 1/16 LE 24768/14 Reference LI 1/13 CE 24768/15 Reference LI 1/15 L 24768/16 Reference LI 1/12 C 24768/17 Reference LI 1/19 G-7 24768/18 Reference LI 1/17 G-3 24768/19 Reference LI 1/02 XP 24768/20 Reference LI 1/03 XPC 24768/21 Reference LI 1/05 XXP 24768/22 Reference LI 1/07 XXXP 24768/

47、23 Reference LI 1/08 XXXPC 24768/24 Reference LI 1/24 FR-1 24768/25 Reference LI 1/25 FR-2 24768/26 Reference LI 1/26 FR-3 24768/27 Reference LI 1/27 FR-4 24768/28 Reference LI 1/28 FR-5 24768/29 Reference LI 1/29 CEM-1 24768/30 Reference LI 1/30 CEM-3 24768/31 Reference LI 1/34 GPO-1P 24768/32 Refe

48、rence LI 1/35 GPO-2P 24768/33 Reference LI 1/36 GPO-3P 1.4 HISTORY OF LAMINATED MATERIALS STANDARDS These standards and authorized engineering information provide practical information concerning the manufacture, testing, and performance of laminated thermosetting sheets, tubes, and rods used in the

49、 manufacture of electrical apparatus and supplies. They represent general practice in the industry, promote production economies and assist users in the proper selection of laminated thermosetting products. Standards on laminated thermosetting material were originally developed by the Associated Manufacturers of Electrical Supplies. That Association became the Supply Division of NEMA in 1926, at which time the NEMA Handbook of Supply Standards dated October