1、AEROSPACERECOMMENDEDPRACTICEMASKING AND CLEANING OF EPOXY AND POLYESTER MATRIXTHERMOSETTING COMPOSITE MATERIALSIssued 1997-03ARP4916TABLE OF CONTENTS1. SCOPE51.1 Purpose.52. REFERENCES 52.1 Applicable Documents.52.1.1 SAE Publications .62.1.2 ASTM Publications 62.1.3 U.S. Government Publications.62.
2、2 Other References 62.3 Definitions63. GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH ASPECTS OF CLEANING 64. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE).74.1 Exhaust System, Local 74.2 Extraction/Ventilation System for Extracting and NeutralizingVapors from Steam Cleaning.74.3 Eye Wash74.4 Face Shield, Safety .84.5 Glov
3、es, Disposable, Lint Free Cotton . 84.6 Gloves, Disposable (Butyl, Nitrile, Neoprene, or Natural Rubber)84.7 Goggles, Chemical Safety .84.8 Processing Equipment for Neutralizing Waste and Used Steam andWater Wash Solutions and/or Recycling Cleaning Solutions .84.9 Protective Clothing . 94.10 Respira
4、tor, Chemical Cartridge (with organic vapor cartridge).94.11 Respirator, Supplied Air, With a Full Face Mask94.12 Emergency Showers9Reaffirmed 2011-11RATIONALEThis document has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE 5-year Review policy. SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report
5、 is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each
6、technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2011 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or tra
7、nsmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org S
8、AE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/ARP4916SAE ARP4916- 2 -TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)5. MASKING AND SURFACE PROTECTION MATERIALS 95.1 Films105.1.1 Polyethylene Film 105.1.2 Polyvin
9、yl Chloride (PVC) Film (Vinyl Film) .105.1.3 Polyester Film105.1.4 Nylon Film .105.1.5 Fluorinated Perfluorethylene Propylene (FEP) Film.105.2 Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Tape 105.2.1 Thermoplastic Film Tape .115.2.2 Metal Foil Tape115.2.3 Radome Tape115.3 Masking Materials That Should Not be Used.1
10、15.3.1 Used Materials.115.3.2 Paper Based Materials 115.3.3 Domestic or Office Supplies 116. CLEANING AGENTS.126.1 Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK)126.2 Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (MIBK) 136.3 Acetone .136.4 Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA) 136.5 Perchloroethylene136.6 Trichloroethylene.136.7 1-1-1 Trichloroethane 146.
11、8 Citrus Based Cleaners.146.9 Emulsion Type Cleaners146.10 Alkaline Detergent Cleaners 157. WIPE CLEANING CLOTHS.157.1 AMS 3819 Cleaning Cloths157.2 Other Cleaning Cloths .157.3 Cotton Swabs 167.4 Cleaning Brushes 168. STEAM AND WATER WASH CLEANING EQUIPMENT.168.1 Steam Cleaning Equipment .168.1.1 P
12、ortable Equipment .168.1.2 Fixed Equipment168.2 Hot Water Wash Equipment178.2.1 Steam Cleaning Equipment Used for Hot Water Washing.178.2.2 Hot Water Wash Equipment17SAE ARP4916- 3 -TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)8.2.3 Manual Hot Water Equipment178.3 Cold Water Wash Equipment 189. VAPOR DEGREASING EQU
13、IPMENT .1810. WATER TYPES.1810.1 Water Used in Cleaning Operations 1810.2 Water for Water Break Testing1911. METHODS FOR MASKING AND PROTECTION OF CLEAN SURFACES .1911.1 Masking Method 1 - To Prevent Dirt and Moisture Entering theDamage During Temporary Continued Service .1911.1.1 Introduction1911.1
14、.2 Application Procedure2011.1.3 Removal Procedure.2211.2 Masking Method 2 - To Prevent Dirt and Moisture Entering the DamageDuring Storage, Washing, or Cleaning of the Part.2211.2.1 Introduction2211.2.2 Procedure2211.3 Masking Method 3 - Masking Around the Damage on an Uncleaned Part to PreventCont
15、amination from Uncleaned Areas and to Prevent Resin Spills2411.3.1 Introduction2411.3.2 Procedure2411.4 Masking Method 4 - Masking of the Prepared Repair Area When it isNot Being Worked On .2611.4.1 Introduction2611.4.2 Procedure2611.5 Masking Method 5 - Masking to Prevent Excess Bleed Onto the Part
16、 .2811.5.1 Introduction2811.5.2 Procedure2812. COMPOSITE CLEANING METHODS .2812.1 Composite Cleaning Method 1 - Steam Cleaning 2812.1.1 Introduction2812.1.2 Procedure2912.2 Composite Cleaning Method 2 - Hot or Cold Water Wash Pressure Spray Cleaning 3012.2.1 Introduction3012.2.2 Procedure3112.3 Comp
17、osite Cleaning Method 3 - Hot or Cold Water Hand Wash Cleaning 3212.3.1 Introduction3212.3.2 Procedure33SAE ARP4916- 4 -TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)12.4 Composite Cleaning Method 4 - Wipe Cleaning Using Commercial Solvent -One Cloth Method .3412.4.1 Introduction3412.4.2 Procedure3412.5 Composite Cl
18、eaning Method 5 - Wipe Cleaning Using Commercial Solvent -Two Cloth Method .3512.5.1 Introduction3512.5.2 Procedure3513. CLEANING HONEYCOMB CORE.3713.1 Honeycomb Cleaning Method 1 - Vapor Degreasing.3813.1.1 Introduction3813.1.2 Procedure3813.2 Honeycomb Cleaning Method 2 - Solvent Edge Dip 4013.2.1
19、 Introduction4013.2.2 Procedure4013.3 Honeycomb Cleaning Method 3 - Solvent Wipe.4113.3.1 Introduction4113.3.2 Procedure4113.4 Honeycomb Cleaning Method 4 - Solvent Spray4213.4.1 Introduction4213.4.2 Procedure4214. WATER BREAK TEST 4414.1 Water Break Test Method4414.1.1 Introduction4414.1.2 Procedur
20、e44SAE ARP4916- 5 -1. SCOPE:This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) describes methods of masking and cleaningcommercial aircraft, epoxy and polyester matrix, composite parts prior to their entry into thecomposites shop, masking and cleaning of on-wing repair areas in preparation for carrying o
21、utrepairs and wipe cleaning during repair and prior to bonding. If this document is used for themasking or cleaning of materials other than epoxy and polyester matrix thermosetting compositematerials, the fitness for this purpose must be determined by the user.The methods of masking and cleaning des
22、cribed in this document have specific limited applicationand are not interchangeable. The methods shall only be used when specified in an approved repairprocedure or with the agreement of the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) or regulatoryauthority.The intention of the descriptions in this docum
23、ent is to describe materials and equipmentgenerically in sufficient detail to allow a suitable commercial product to be purchased. It is notintended that the information provided be biased to any particular manufacturer and no commercialproduct is recommended in preference to any other.1.1 Purpose:T
24、he purpose of this ARP is to provide a set of standard methods for masking and cleaning ofthermosetting composite materials that may be referenced in repair documents produced byairlines or airframe and engine manufacturers. It is intended that this ARP be one of a number ofARPs that will cover othe
25、r aspects of the techniques required to perform composite repairs. These ARPs will provide a suite of available repair techniques that are acceptable for usethroughout the commercial aircraft industry.2. REFERENCES:2.1 Applicable Documents:The following publications form a part of this document to t
26、he extent specified herein. The latestissue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be theissue in effect on the date of the purchase order. In the event of conflict between the text of thisdocument and references cited herein, the text of this document take
27、s precedence. Nothing inthis document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemptionhas been obtained.SAE ARP4916- 6 -2.1.1 SAE Publications: Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA15096-0001.AMS 1526 Aircraft Exterior Surfaces, Water Miscible Pre
28、ssure SprayingAMS 1528 Aircraft Exterior Surfaces, Emulsion, Pressure SprayingAMS 1530 Aircraft Exterior Surfaces, Wipe on, Wipe off, Water MiscibleAMS 1532 Aircraft Exterior Surfaces, Wipe on, Wipe off, Emulsion TypeAMS 3819 Cloths, Cleaning, For Aircraft Primary and Secondary Structural SurfacesAI
29、R4844 Composites and Metal Bonding GlossaryARP4977 Drying of Thermosetting Composite Materials2.1.2 ASTM Publications: Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959.ASTM D 56 Flash Point by Tag Closed TesterASTM D 329 AcetoneASTM D 740 Methyl Ethyl KetoneASTM D 1153 Met
30、hyl Isobutyl KetoneASTM D 4376 Vapor-Degreasing Grade Perchloroethylene2.1.3 U.S. Government Publications: Available from DODSSP, Subscription Services Desk, Building4D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.O-A-51 Federal Specification, Acetone, TechnicalO-T-634 Federal Specification, Tri
31、chloroethylene, TechnicalTT-I-735 Federal Specification, Isopropyl Alcohol2.2 Other References:PA-TR-4883 Processing Handbook on Surface Preparation for Adhesive Bonding. Arthur H.Landrock, 1975. Materials Engineering Division, Feltman Research Laboratory,Picatinny Arsenal, Dover, NJ 07801.2.3 Defin
32、itions:All the terms used in this ARP are defined in AIR4844.3. GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH ASPECTS OF CLEANING:General guidelines are given regarding the relative hazards to the user and to the environment ofthe materials and equipment listed. However the user shall obtain the Material Safety
33、Data Sheet(MSDS) from the supplier prior to using any of the materials. The relevant environmental, healthand safety organizations shall be consulted regarding safe use, transportation and disposal of thecleaners and the waste solutions.SAE ARP4916- 7 -4. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE):Specific
34、 personal protective equipment required to handle a specific material safely should beoutlined in the suppliers material and safety data sheet (MSDS). Material suppliers are also agood source of information in the safe use of their materials. Safe handling and use can also bedetermined by a qualifie
35、d health and safety professional.The exposure routes most frequently encountered when working with cleaning materials are theskin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Guidance is given on the kinds of equipment that may be requiredand typical uses.Before using any type of safety equipment, training shall b
36、e given to ensure that the equipment isused safely and correctly.Inspect all PPE before use to ensure that it is in good working order. Holes in gloves, cracked facemasks, and damaged air lines are typical problems.It should be noted also that PPE such as gloves, as well as protecting the person per
37、forming therepair, protects the repair from contamination. Contamination of the repair area can cause a poorquality repair which if not detected may be a hazard to the aircraft and its passengers and crew.4.1 Exhaust System, Local:Local exhaust systems shall be capable of providing a good flow of fr
38、esh air to personnel usingsolvents in confined spaces. The system shall be air operated or use flameproof motors if it is tobe used in areas where fuel or other flammable vapors may be present.A local exhaust system may be used as a method of providing a safe environment, with solventfume concentrat
39、ions below the allowable limits, in confined spaces where solvent vapors mayaccumulate.4.2 Extraction/Ventilation System for Extracting and Neutralizing Vapors from Steam Cleaning:Extraction systems for use with steam cleaners shall be capable of extracting vapors from thecleaner such that the level
40、s of vapor are kept below the allowable limits for the cleaning vapor asdefined on the material safety data sheet. If alkaline cleaners are used, the condensate mayrequire neutralizing prior to disposal. The exact disposal requirements shall be obtained from thecleaner supplier and the relevant regu
41、latory authorities.Extraction systems shall be used for fixed steam cleaning facilities and any steam cleanoperation where allowable concentrations may be exceeded.4.3 Eye Wash:The eye wash facility shall conform to the local standards and shall be capable of hands freeoperation to allow the user to
42、 hold the eyelids open while operating the eye wash.Eye wash facilities shall be used if eyes are exposed to cleaning materials or solvents.SAE ARP4916- 8 -4.4 Face Shield, Safety:The face shield shall fit on the head comfortably and still allow the wearing of other related safetyequipment.A safety
43、face shield shall be used when operating steam or hot water wash cleaning equipmentand shall be used with safety goggles.4.5 Gloves, Disposable, Lint Free Cotton:The gloves shall allow full hand dexterity and shall not be coated with any material that maycontaminate cleaned parts.Clean lint free cot
44、ton gloves shall be used whenever cleaned parts are being handled in order toprevent recontamination from oils or perspiration from the hands.4.6 Gloves, Disposable (Butyl, Nitrile, Neoprene, or Natural Rubber):These gloves are disposable and shall not have any lubrication materials or coating that
45、maycontaminate the parts being cleaned.The gloves shall be used to protect hands from cleaning materials including solvents during handwiping operations and to protect the parts from recontamination from oils or perspiration from thehands.Choose the correct glove material for the chemical that will
46、be used. Consult the MSDS and theglove supplier for further information.4.7 Goggles, Chemical Safety:The safety goggles shall conform to the local standards for chemical splash and impact resistantgoggles and shall have sides that fit snugly around the face.Safety goggles shall be used when handling
47、 solvents or concentrated cleaning materials andwhenever called for by the material safety data sheet for the material being handled.4.8 Processing Equipment for Neutralizing Waste and Used Steam and Water Wash Solutionsand/or Recycling Cleaning Solutions:Processing equipment for neutralizing waste
48、from steam and water wash cleaners shall becapable of recycling or neutralizing waste solutions prior to disposal. The exact disposal andrecycling requirements shall be obtained from the cleaner supplier and the relevant regulatoryauthorities.Systems shall be used for all steam cleaning and water wa
49、shing facilities unless the cleaningmaterial is approved for direct disposal by the appropriate regulatory authorities.SAE ARP4916- 9 -4.9 Protective Clothing:Protective clothing, gloves, shoes and face masks shall be capable of protecting against alkalinedetergent, steam and water splashing.Protective clothing shall be worn whenever steam or water wash equipment is being used.4.10 Respirator, Chemical Cartridge (with organic vapor cartridge):These respirators can be disposable with the mask covering nose and mouth or of thepermanent full face type. This type of respirator is
