1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2017 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p
3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497
4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/standards.sae.org/ARP5862 AEROSPACE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE ARP5862 Issued 2009-07 Reaffirmed 2017-11 Shipping Caps,
5、 Covers and Plugs RATIONALE ARP5862 has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE Five-Year Review policy. INTRODUCTION This document recommends the definition and utilization requirements for shipping and storage caps, covers, plugs and related shipping hardware. These items are commonly used on aircr
6、aft engines and associated hardware but may be used elsewhere. 1. SCOPE The primary purpose of the shipping closure is to protect the aircraft parts or system from damage and foreign material ingress/egress (e.g., dust, dirt or other contaminants) during transport and storage. Shipping closures are
7、not airworthy items. Therefore, their usage is defined as preventative for the parts to be protected as opposed to operational. Military and commercial customer requirements for the prevention of damage or contamination to stored parts are generally limited to the generic instructions “all openings
8、should be sufficiently covered to prevent the entrance of dust, dirt, moisture or other foreign contaminants”. This recommended practice outlines basic minimum parameters for suggested item construction and usage. Additionally, this recommended practice provides instruction on how to apply these clo
9、sures to various openings. 2. REFERENCES There are no referenced publications specified herein. 2.1 Definitions, Acronyms, Abbreviations 2.1.1 BLOCKING Adhesion of material to a surface it was not intended to adhere to. 2.1.2 ACCESSORY DRIVE OPENING Any opening where an assembled item is attached. 2
10、.1.3 PVC Polyvinylchloride 2.1.4 FOD Foreign Object Debris or Damage 2.1.5 CLOSURE Any cap, cover or plug that blocks, covers or seals off an opening. 2.1.6 EC Electrical Connector 3. SHIPPING ITEM DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION For commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) bulk purchased shipping items, specificati
11、ons controlling the manufacture and construction of an item will always default to the manufacturer. For end user specified covers, this section details best practices in the design and manufacture of those items. GENERAL - The following recommendations apply to all classifications of shipping hardw
12、are closures. Color - The color of caps, covers and plugs for engine transport and storage is for the most part irrelevant. Color can be determined by customer request, individual corporation requirements or material availability. If directed by customer request or corporation requirements, cap or c
13、over color can be used to identify specific systems on an engine. The usage of one single color for all caps, covers and plugs on any given system is preferable but NOT REQUIRED. The following are current industry examples of specific colors for specific systems: a. Yellow = Electrical b. Blue = Hyd
14、raulic c. Red = Fuel d. Black = Electro Static Discharge (ESD) or Conductive e. Clear Pink = Static Dissipative The utilization of individual corporation logos on covers, provided that they in no way inhibit the items functionality, is acceptable. MATERIAL - Closure materials used to prevent ingress
15、/egress are based on application and material compatibility. Material used for shipping items falls into three distinct categories. Commercial Grade Plastic - Primary usage would be for commercially purchased standard caps, covers and plugs. Usage can determine the material used. Standard materials
16、are as follows: a. High/low density conductive or static dissipative polyethylene b. High/low density conductive or static dissipative polypropylene c. Poly-vinyl-chloride (PVC) NOTE: Silicone rubber or products that contain silicone oils shall NOT be used. Silicone oil may cause degradation to the
17、parts being protected. The prime concern for the material is a resistance to fluids including but not limited to oil, hydraulic fluid and fuel. Additionally, it should have a high resistance to peeling, chipping, abrasion, blocking, or to chemical degradation when in contact with engine fluids, shar
18、p or rough edges and surfaces. SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP5862 Page 2 of 5_ Commercial Grade Vinyl - Primary usage would be for “soft” flexible covers with elastic, snap or tie methods of fitting or securing. All stitching, welds and the vinyl itself should be resistant to tearing under normal usage condi
19、tions. Standard materials are as follows: a. Vinyl laminated material b. 4GA vinyl c. Weather resistant fabric Commercial Grade Plasticized Material - Primary usage would be for hard, rigid covers used to cover accessory openings, mated flanged surfaces and open ports. The material should be sturdy
20、enough to allow for attachment to an opening with conventional hardware (i.e., nuts, bolts and screws). The material should minimize warping to prevent uneven seating on the opening. Standard materials are as follows: a. High Density Polypropylene b. High Density Polyethylene DESIGN - Protective ite
21、ms used for shipping fall into the following categories: caps, plugs, soft covers and hard covers. Caps and Plugs - Standard commercial grade caps and plugs should all meet minimum manufacturer requirements and design tolerances. These include but are not limited to the following: a. Uniform shape a
22、nd size b. No excess material on part (e.g., flashing) c. Uniform color d. Uniform vendor marking Soft Covers - Flexible cover design should provide: a. Sufficient material flexibility and durability for application b. Multiple usage c. Ease of installation, secure fit and retention on opening Hard
23、Covers - Specifically designed hard covers will meet all customer requirements, per engine manufacturer specifications. Cover design must meet the minimum following requirements: a. No excess material on part (e.g., flashing) b. No warping of part that would preclude usage c. No marks, dents, cuts o
24、r deformation to the material that render the closure unfit for use 4. SHIPPING CLOSURE USAGE AND FUNCTION The shipping closure used to protect or cover an opening must then be able to adequately plug, cap or cover the majority of an external feature, be installed and removed easily, and prevent the
25、 possibility of accidental removal during transport or storage. In place of installing a new shipping closure at the engine manufacturer, it is acceptable to use vendor-supplied caps, plugs and covers used on purchased engine components, provided that they are still in a clean and usable condition.
26、SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP5862 Page 3 of 5_ Additionally, identical series caps and plugs from different manufacturers can be used in place of each other, provided they are the same size, type and style and seal or cover the opening in an identical manner. THREADED AND NON-THREADED CAPS AND PLUGS USAGE -
27、 All standard commercially purchased caps and plugs should provide a tight, snug fit on the part they are installed on. The installer should never have to employ mechanical means to either install or remove a cap or plug. When installed, there should always be enough cap/plug material for easy grip
28、and removal. Threaded Caps and Plugs, Fit - It is required that all threaded fittings be covered/plugged with threaded caps and plugs. Caps and plugs should be carefully twisted on to prevent abrasion of material and possible FOD. Standard usage is caps for external threads and plugs for internal th
29、reads. Threaded caps and plugs should be able to be easily installed and removed without cross threading the cap or plug internal thread. If used on fluid filled lines, the fit should be sufficient to prevent leakage of the fluid through the covered opening. Proper thread size can be determined from
30、 an actual part print or by trial and error fit checks with a sufficient variety of caps and plugs. Threaded caps and covers should generally only be used on items that utilize internal or external threads, and require no additional torque (finger tight application is preferred). NOTE: Electrical co
31、nnections and connectors are exempt from this requirement. Standard push caps, specifically designed for ECs, are the acceptable and preferred method for capping off their openings. Non-threaded Caps and Plugs, Fit - Non-threaded caps and plugs are all essentially caps that can be utilized externall
32、y or internally to seal an opening. A non-threaded cap can fit an opening in one of three ways: 1. Friction fit over the exterior surface of an item 2. Friction fit with the interior diameter or wall of an item 3. Friction fit over the exterior of a plug in a case, i.e., for an electrical connector
33、to protect internal pins from damage (male or female) In the case of item three, the best fit should be determined from either the item drawing or test fitting caps to the item (or a combination of both). Soft Covers - Soft covers are to be used primarily for larger non-accessory openings to prevent
34、 dust, dirt, moisture or any other type of foreign object debris (FOD) from entering the engine. They are not to be used on any fluid lines. They should be identified for, but not necessarily limited to, usage based on the following: a. Asymmetrical opening configuration b. Large openings (greater t
35、han 12 inches in diameter) c. Flat openings with no means of hard cover security (i.e., no bolt holes, studs, etc.) Hard Covers - Hard covers are used primarily for all critical surface openings (those openings that have a mated or machined surface for accessory attachments). They are designed to pr
36、otect the surface from possible contact damage during transport and storage, retain engine fluids and prevent FOD from entering the engine. They should be identified for usage based on the following: a. Presence of studs or threaded bolt holes b. Flat surface that has contact with engine fluids duri
37、ng transport or storage c. Accessory drive opening A gasket should be used in conjunction with a hard cover for those applications where the cover is designed to retain engine fluids. The gasket may be separate or incorporated into the cover design itself. SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP5862 Page 4 of 5_ 5. C
38、ONCLUSION Utilization of this recommended practice will provide the end user with efficient, cost effective shipping items that fulfill all customer requirements for engine shipment and storage. It also provides the functional area responsible for identifying, designing and procuring these shipping
39、items with a greater amount of latitude, expediting the process and controlling costs for both the manufacturer and the end customer without sacrificing functionality, quality or safety. 6. NOTES 6.1 A change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas whe
40、re technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only. PREPARED BY SAE SUBCOMMITTEE AGE-2D, PACKAGING, HANDLING AND TRANSPORTABILITY OF COMMITTEE AGE-2, AIR CARGO & AIRCRAFT GROUND EQUIPMENT & SYSTEMS SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP5862 Page 5 of 5_
