1、AEROSPACE RECOMMENDED . SPACE Society TWO PENNSYLVANIA of Automotive PLAZA, NEW Engineers, YORK, N Y. 10001 Inc. P RACTI CE ELECTRICAL COMPUTING RESOLVERS ARP 826 Issued 6-15-70 Revised 1. 1.1 1.2 2. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.3.3 2.3.4 2.3.5 2.3.6 3. 3.1 3.1.1 3.1.2 3.1.3 4. 4.1 4.2 SCOPE General De
2、finitions CHARACTERISTICS Physical Electrical Environmental Conditions Temperature Temperature - Altitude Humidity Vibration Shock Endurance QUALITY ASSURANCE Classification of Tests Performance Tests Qualification Tests Index of Tests Required APPENDIX General Equipment LIST OF FIGURES 1 Zero Based
3、 Linearity Curve 2 Size 8 Envelope 3 Size 11 Envelope 4 Size 15 Envelope 5 6 7 8A Function Error Test Circuit 8B Linearity Test Circuit 9 Impedance Test Cir-cuit Electrical Zero Test Circuit Rotor Primary Electrical Zero Test Circuit Stator Primary TR is the funda- mental component of the residual v
4、oltage when the in- phase voltage is zero. This residual voltage consists entirely of quadrature voltage phase output voltage obtained at the minimum voltage positions is zero, the residual voltage measured with a vacuum tube voltmeter indicating the average value of the voltage wave in terms of the
5、 rms value of an equi- valent sine wave, is termed the total null. It includes harmonics and fundamental quadrature voltages. 1.2.3.7.2 Total Null - When the fundamental in- 1.2.3.8 Electrical Zero 1.2.3.8.1 Rotor Excited Resolvers - That mini- mum voltage position of the secondary circuit S2-S4 fro
6、m which a small counter-clockwise deflection of the rotor will induce a voltage E (S24) approximately in phase with E (R13), when the unit is excited with rated voltage between terminals R1 and R3, and terminals R2 and R4 are shorted. -3- I ROTOR EXCITED - STANDARD POLARITY AND ELECTRICAL ZERO POSIT
7、ION 1.2.3.8.2 Stator Excited Resolvers - That mini- mum voltage position of the secondary circuit R2-R4 from which a small counter clockwise deflection of the rotor will induce a voltage E (R24) approximately 180 deg out of phase with E (S-J), when the unit is excited with rated voltage between term
8、inals S1 and S3, and terminals S2 and S4 are shorted. c1 I I c2 I - s2 I c3 4 ;1 R1 ARP 826 STATOR EXCITED - STANDARD POLARITY AND ELECTNCAL ZERO POSITION 1.2.3.8.3 Linear Resolver - That position of the rotor for which the output windings experience minimum coupling. 1.2.3.9 Electrical Angle - 1.2.
9、3.9.1 Resolver, Rotor Excited - The electrical angle is the angle “a“ displaced in a positive direction from electrical zero which satisfies the relative magni - tudes and polarities of the secondary voltages in accord- ance with the following equations: E (513) = N E (R13) cos a -E (R24) sin a E (S
10、24) = N E (R24) cos a +E (R13) sin a Where: N is the ratio between the maximum funda- mental rms, voltage between two secondary terminals (S1 and S3 or S2 and S4), with the other two terminals open, and the primary voltage applied between two primary terminals (R1 and R3 or R2 and R4). 1.2.3.9.2 Res
11、olver, Stator Excited - The electri- cal angle is the angle “a“ displaced in a positive direc- tion from electrical zero which satisfies the relative magnitude and polarities of the secondary voltages in accordance with the following equations: E (R13) = N E (S13) cos a +E (S24) sin a E (R24) = N E
12、(S24) cos a -E (S13) sin a Where: N is the ratio between the maximum rms, voltage between two secondary terminals (R1 and R3 or R2 and R4), with the other two terminals open, and the primary voltage applied between two primary terminals (S1 and S3 or S2 and S4). 1.2.3.9.3 Linear Resolver - The elect
13、rical angle “a“ is the rotor position which satisfies the relative mag- nitude and polarities of the secondary voltages of a linear resolver in accordance with the following equation: E(S2S4) = KaRRlR3) Lead Wire Identification Rotor Stator Terminal Color Terminal Color R1 Red, White tracer s2 Ye1 R
14、3 Blk, White tracer s4 Blu - 1.2.3.10 Transformation Ratio 1.2.3.10.1 Transformation Ratio - The ratio of . the no-load maximum fundamental secondary voltage to the fundamental supply voltage applied to the primary. Transformation ratio unbalance is found by noting the MXUM difference in the numeric
15、al value of transfor - 1.2.3.10.2 Transformation Ratio Unbalance - COPYRIGHT SAE International (Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc)Licensed by Information Handling ServicesSAE ARP*KB2b 7 a 83573YO 0029298 Y I I ARP826 I “k- mation ratio of each output winding as each input winding is excited. Tls
16、maximum difference expressed as a per- centage of the nominal transformation ratio will be used to express transformation ratio unbalance. 1.2.3.10.8 Transformation Ratio Variation - The change in a numerical value of any particular transfor- mation ratio relative to ambient temperature, input vol-
17、tage level, or excitation frequency, should be expressed as a transformation ratio difference relative to the value of transformation ratio under nominal excitation voltage, nominal excitation frequency, and a specified tempera- ture. expresxd as a function of input angle over the specified linear r
18、ange - for example, volts per degree. 1.2.3.10.4 Voltage Gradient - The output voltage 1.2.3.11 moro 1.2.3.11.1 Null Spacing Errors - Null spacing error P is the deviation expressed in angular hits from 180 deg between the two minimum voltage positions of an output winding. resolver is the angular d
19、eviation of the null positions for 1.2.3.11.2 Interaxs Error - - Interaxis error in a negative rated excursion angles, represents the ideal output voltage of the linear resolver, Because of the tolerance on transformation ratio, each linear resolver will not neces- sarily have zero error at the cali
20、bration angle. 1.2.3.12 Units - - Unless otherwise specified the units for angles are degrees, minutes, and seconds, Potential is volts rms, Impedance is ohms. Current is amperes rms. Temperature is degrees Celsius, 2, CHARACTERISTICS 2.1 Physical 2.1.1 Envelope dimensions (See Figs. 2, 3 and 4) 2.1
21、.2 Leadwire identification (See par. 1.2.3.3 and 2,l. 3 Terminal identification (See par. 1.2,3.3 and 2.2 Electrical 2.2.1 Standard Test Conditions - Whenever the 1.2.3.9.3) 1.2.3.9.3) atmosphere and power conditions for a particular test are not definitely specified, it is understood that the test
22、is to be made at the following standard conditions: Temperature: 2515C Pressure: 30 in Hg nominal all rotor stator winding combinations from space quadrature. Humidity: 75% max 1.2.3.11.3 Resolver Function Error :Function error is the difference b6tween the actual fundamental in-phase output voltage
23、 and the theoretical voltage at any rotor dbplacement expressed as a percentage of the actual fun- damental votage at tg0 deg from the minimum voltage position of the wndng under test. The theoretical volt- age shall coincide with the actual voltage at both the minimum voltage poition and at t90 deg
24、 from that p03ition. _ 1.2.3,11.4 Linear Resolver Functional Error - The functional error of a linear resolver at any rotor position within the specified limits, is tlie dfference betialeen the fn-phase component of the output of tlie secondary wind- ing and the theoretical output voltage. It is exp
25、ressed as percent linearity, The theoretical output voltage is a sraight line passing through zero having a slope equal to the voltage gradient. 1.2.3.11.4.1 Linearity - The ideal in-phase output voltage will be zero at linear resolver zero (EZ) by defini- tion. The term linearity as used in this do
26、cument will be zero based linearity (See Fig. 1). The tolerance on lin- earity ic expressed in percent of rated output voltage. Ex = inphase output voltage at any angle Ox 1.2.3.11.4.2 Calibration Angle - A preselected shaft pmiton in the po3itive quadrant (between O and 90 aeg shaft rotation, cunte
27、r-cociwiss facing the shaft ex- tension end). A straight line drawn tliroiigh the calibration angle and electrical zero, termlnating at the positive and Source voltage: Nominal f 1% Nominal f 1% Source Frequency: Source Sinusoidal Waveform: Less than 1% total harmonic content 2.2.2 Electrical Zero -
28、 Measurements of all an- gular displacements of the rotors of units should be re- ferred to a standard position which will be designated as zero as defined in paragraph 1.2.3.8. 2.2.2.1 Rotor Excited Resolvers - The approximate electrical zero of a rotor excited resolver shall be deter- mined by con
29、necting the primary and secondary as shown in Fig. 5A. The resolver shaft shall be rotated to a position that produces the smallest reading in the VTVM. The electrical zero position shall then be accurately de- termined as follows: Without rotating resolver shaft, connect the resolver as shown iii F
30、ig, 5B. Rotate resolver shaft through the smaller angle that will provide a zero in-phase reading on the null meter. That position is the electrical zero position. 2.2.2.2 Stator Excited Resolvers - The approxi- mate electrical zero of a stator excited resolver should be determined by connecting the
31、 primary and secondary as shown in Fig. 6A. The resolver shaft should be rotated to the position that produce the smallest reading in the VTVM. The electrical zero position should then be ac- curately determined as follows: Without rotating resolver shaft, connect the reolver as shown in Fig. 6B. Ro
32、tate resolver shaft through the smaller angle that will provide a zero in-phase reading on the null meter, That position is the electrical zero position. 2.2.2.3 Linear Resolvers - The approximate elec- trical zero of a rotor excited linear resolver should be PROBLEM HARD COPY COPYRIGHT SAE Internat
33、ional (Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc)Licensed by Information Handling ServicesSAE ARPa826 70 8357340 0027297 b m I I ARP826 -5- determined by connecting the primary and secondary as shown in Fig. 5A except that S2S4 should be at maximum coupling, The linear resolver shaft should be rotated to
34、 a position that produces the smallest reading in the VTVM. The electrical zero position should then be accurately determined as follows. Rotate the linear resolver shaft 90 deg in the positive direction (counter -clockwise facing the shaft extension end), Connect the null meter across S2S4 as shown
35、 in Fig. 5B. Rotate the linear resolver shaft through the smaller angle that will provide a zero in- phase reading on the null meter. That position is the electrical zero position. On stator excited linear resolvers, energize S2S4 and use the same procedure measuring the null on R1R3. rotor excited
36、resolvers or Fig. 6B and Table A2 for stator excited resolvers. With the unit at electrical zero as defined in paragraph 2.2.2 above, the resolver shaft is rotated to the successive null positions. Each null posi- tion should be the position where the fundamental in- phase component of the output vo
37、ltage is zero. Read the fundamental null and total null at this position. 2.2.4 Null Spacing - Refer to Table Al for rotor excited resolvers or Table A2 for stator excited resolvers. The null spacing for each stator-rotor pair is the devia- tion from 180 deg of the difference between each of the two
38、 positions for that particular stator -rotor pair. 2.2.3 Nulls - Refer to Fig. 5B and Table Al for - 2.2.5 Linear Resolver Null - Total and fundamental nulls are measured at electrical zero using the circuit of Fig. 5B. 2.2.6 Perpendicularity 2.2.6.1 Rotor Perpendicularity - Refer to Table B1 for ro
39、tor excited resolvers or Table 82 for stator excited resolvers. The rotor perpendicularity is the deviation from 90 deg of the difference between the two null posi- tions occurring with one stator and the two rotor windings. 2.2.6.2 Stator Perpendicularity - Refer to Table C1 for rotor excited resol
40、vers or Table C2 for stator excited resolvers. The stator perpendicularity is the deviation from 90 deg of the difference between the two null posi- tions occurring with one rotor winding and the two stator windings. 2.2.7 Transformation Ratio 2.2.7.1 Rotor Excited Resolvers 2.2.7.1.1 Stator to Roto
41、r - Es/Er -.Refer to Table D1 and Fig. 7A. The ratio divider and phase shifter are adjusted until a null is obtained on the null detector. The transformation ratio is the ratio divider reading cor- rected for any change in voltage through the phase shifter. 2.2.7.2 Stator Excited Resolvers 2.2.7.2.1
42、 Rotor to Stator - Er/B - Refer to Table D2 and Fig. 7B. The ratio divider and phase shifter are adjusted until a null is obtained on the null detector. The transformation ratio is the voltage divider reading corrected for any change in voltage through the phase shifter. 2.2.7.2.2 Compensator to Sta
43、tor - Ec/Es - Refer to Table D3 and Fig. 7C. The ratio divider and phase shifter are adjusted until a null is obtained on the null detector. The transformation ratio is the ratio divider reading corrected for any change in voltage through the phase shifter, to Table D4. The two transformation ratios
44、 are com- puted as follows: 2.2.7.2.3 Rotor to Compensator - Er/Ec - Refer - Er13 = Er13/Es13 Ec13 2.2.7.3 Linear Resolver - Transformation ratio as previously defined is not measured for linear resolvers. Instead, the output voltage is measured at the calibration angle with the rated load on the se
45、condary. This meas- urement is expressed in volts per degree and is the volt- age gradient. The ideal voltage gradient occurs when the output voltage at the calibration angle equals the ideal output voltage. 2.2.7.4 Transformation Ratio and Phase Shift - Transformation Tatio and shift measurements s
46、hould be made with the resolver mounted in the angular index stand (paragraph 4.2.3) and excited with rated voltage and frequency from a power source as described under standard conditions. The measurement should be made at the first position of maximum coupling as the rotor is turned in a countercl
47、ockwise direction from electrical zero. may be of the type shown in Fig. 7A, 7B, and 7C. 2.2.7.4.1 The ratio and phase measuring circuit a) The null detector should be of the type de- scribed in paragraph 4.2. l. b) The resistive and capacitive elements should have an accuracy of at least O. 170. 2.
48、2.7.5 Equality of Transformation Ratio 2.2.7.5.1 Rotor Excited Resolvers 2.2.7.5.1.1 Rotor to Stator - Refer to Table El. The transformation ratio balance is the difference be- tween the two transformation ratios associated with one rotor winding and two stator windings. 2.2.7.5.2 Stator Excited Res
49、olvers 2.2.7.5.2.1 Stator to Rotor - Refer to Table E2. The transformation ratio balance is the difference be- tween the two transformation ratios associated with one stator winding and the two rotor windings. 2.2.7.5.2.2 Stator to Compensator - Refer to Table D3. The transformation ratio balance is the dif- ference between the transformation ratios associated with the two stator windings and their corresponding compen- sator windings. 2.2.7.5.3 Primary Balance 2.2.7.5.3.1 Rotor Excited Resolvers - Refer to COPYRIGHT SAE International (Society of Automotive Engin
