1、 _ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising ther
2、efrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2017 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this
3、publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-49
4、70 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/standards.sae.org/AS5304 AEROSPACE STANDARD AS5304 Issued 2011-06 Reaffirmed 2017-02 Standard Specification for
5、Turbine Flowmeters RATIONALE AS5304 has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE five-year review policy. 1. SCOPE This is a SAE Standard specification with minimum performance characteristics for Turbine Flowmeter (TFM) that pertains only to sizes from to 2 inches. The utilization of TFM is for hydro
6、carbon liquid fuel volumetric flow measurements. This Standard specifically excludes smart electronics in accomplishing the defined performance objectives. Users of this Standard should specify other TFM characteristics required to satisfy their application and utilization in operational environment
7、. A User should understand fit and function of the TFM and define end user specific fit and function requirements. The TFM should be calibrated by the manufacturer should be based upon end user requirements and presented as Roshko versus Strouhal at a reference temperature. The Supplier shall be pre
8、pared to show evidence to User that the device demonstrates compliance with all requirements identified in this Standard. 2. REFERENCES The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of th
9、e other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unles
10、s a specific exemption has been obtained. 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. ARP4990 Turbine Flowmeter Fuel Flow Calculations 2.2 API Publicati
11、ons Available from American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005-4070, Tel: 202-682-8000, http:/api-ec.api.org. API ANSI Z11.299/API-2534 Turbine flow meters Section 2 2.3 ISO Publications Available from International Organization for Standardization, 1, rue de Varembe, Case
12、postale 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, Tel: +41-22-749-01-11, www.iso.org.ISO 4406 First Edition, 1987-12-15 (E) 2.4 NIST Publications Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, Tel: 301-975-6478, www.nist.gov.NIST Te
13、chnical Note 1297 1994 Edition, titled “ Guidelines for evaluating and expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results” 2.5 U.S. Governement Publications Available from the Document Automation and Production Service (DAPS), Building 4D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Tel: 21
14、5-697-9495, https:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/.MIL-PRF-7024E Performance Specification, Calibrating Fluids, Aircraft Fuel System Components, 01 October 1997. Superseding MIL-C-7024D 30 August 1990 2.6 Other Publications Mattingly, G. E., Titled “The Characterization of a Piston Displacement-Typ
15、e Flowmeter Calibration Facility and the Calibration and Use of Pulsed Output Type Flowmeters”, Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Volume 97, Number 5, September-October 1992, pp. 509-531. 3. DEFINITIONS K-FACTOR: A traditional representation of TFM characteri
16、stics of a flowmeter shown as cycles/US-gal or cycles/L versus output frequency divided by kinematic viscosity (f/v). This is provided that the fluid is operated at the same temperature calibrated TIME CONSTANT: The time required for the TFM indication to reach 63.2% of the final value after the app
17、lication of a step input flow. STROUHAL NUMBER (St) : Dimension-less in basic form is equal to (output frequency) * (reference diameter of meter) 3. This number compensates for temperature change and is referenced to a standard temperature. ROSHKO NUMBER (Ro): Dimension-less in basic form is equal t
18、o (output frequency / kinematic viscosity) * (reference diameter of meter) 2. This compensates for temperature change when referenced to a standard temperature._SAE INTERNATIONAL AS5304 2 of 64. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS Useable Range: Modulated Carrier Pickup (Pickoff): Minimum 15:1 turndown from the
19、maximum flow rate to the minimum flowrate for the TFM which is defined as the breakpoint of the StRo curve from the universal viscosity curve. (Ref Mattingly, G. E., Titledpaper and SAE ARP4990 Titled “Turbine Flowmeter Fuel Flow Calculations” Re-Issued 2002) Magnetic Pickup: Minimum 10:1 turndown f
20、rom the maximum flow rate to the minimum flowrate for the TFM which is defined as the breakpoint of the StRo curve from the universal viscosity curve. (Ref Mattingly, G. E., Titledpaper and SAE ARP4990 Titled “Turbine Flowmeter Fuel Flow Calculations” Re-Issued 2002) Calibration Data Uncertainty: Su
21、pplier Calibration Stand shall have an uncertainty less than 0.05% of flow rate and traceable to NIST or equivalent National Standards Laboratory for the calibration data. TFM Uncertainty: r 0.15% of flow rate over the useable range as defined herein with an approximate viscosity of 1.12 centistokes
22、 at 80 0F (26.7 0C) in MIL-PRF-7024 (ASTM 540C) Type II liquid or mutually agreed calibration fluid substitute.TFM Linearity: The meter may only be linear for specific fluids. The linear range may be specified if the fluid is MIL-PRF-7024 (ASTM 540C) Type II liquid or equivalent calibration fluid su
23、bstitute. Linearity shall be calculated as maximum deviation in K-Factor from the average K-Factor over the specified turndown linear range. Expressed algebraically as:% Linearity = Maximum of (ABS (K- K average) / K average)*100 TFM Repeatability: r 0.02% or better of K-Factor within a frequency di
24、vided by viscosity over a 30 to 1 turndown as defined from a frequency corresponding to the maximum flow divided by viscosity under the same conditions defined by the Useable Range. Minimum of three (3) calibration data points shall be taken to demonstrate these repeatability criteria. The flow rate
25、 shall be changed by at least 10% before a data point is reset to evaluate repeat calibration points. TFM Long Term Stability: r 0.1% or better of Average K-Factor when operated under the conditions specified herein for a period of 30 days. TFM Response Time: 5 to 7 milliseconds or better for TFMs l
26、ess than 1 inch and 10 milliseconds or better for TFMs equal to or greater than 1 inch based upon step change input under flowing conditions with the meter output frequency greater than 1000 hertz. This response time represents one (1) time constant. Signal output: Signal conditioning to obtain the
27、performance of the TFM to this Standard in the End Users application is the responsibility of the seller. If the pickoff is field replaced or removed, the TFM should be recalibrated. Frequency Output: 1300 Hz minimum at maximum rated flow. _SAE INTERNATIONAL AS5304 3 of 6Bearings: Ball type with fie
28、ld replaceable capability. Manufacturer is free to specify bearings with enhancements to races to extend bearing life. If the bearings are field replaced, the TFM must be recalibrated. Temperature Limits: Operational: Liquid: -65 0F to 300 0F (-53.9 0C to 148.9 0C).Ambient: -65 0F to 450 0F (-53.9 0
29、C to 232 0C).Environmental (Storage): -100 0F to 450 0F (-73.3 0C to 232 0C).Material for body, shaft, rotor, vane support, bearing support but, for compliance to this Standard, the TFM shall be calibrated with flow conditioning in place with a minimum of ten (10) diameters upstream and five (5) dia
30、meters downstream. The TFM shall be horizontal to earth orientation with a straight run of fluid piping. Flow conditioning devices must be straight vane with no tubular or tube bundle types allowed. The final installation may require a different attitude calibration for a specific TFM to meet End Us
31、er installation requirements. Marking: The TFMs will have the direction of flow marked on two (2) sides. The arrows showing flow direction shall be 180 degrees apart on the TFM outside body.Calibration: Data shall be presented in the form of StRo numbers referenced to the application dependent tempe
32、rature and viscosity. The calibration fluid shall be appropriate for the application. Calibration shall have a minimum of 10 points over the useable range of TFM. Supplier must ensure TFM characteristics of useable range and repeatability in straight pipe configuration with calibration data. Calibra
33、tion fluid shall have a minimum cleanliness per ISO 4406 using 16/13 limits. Supplier must provide actual calibration fluid density/viscosity (D/V) or have that data on record from supplier of D/V data. D/V data used during the calibration should not be more than two (2) days old. Back pressure: Min
34、imum backpressure during calibration shall have at least vapor pressure plus two times the pressure drop across the TFM. Service: Hydrocarbon LiquidPressure Drop: A maximum of seventeen (17) psid per rotor maximum flow & 1.0 centistokes flowing liquid or as otherwise specified by the end user. Proof
35、 Press: The TFM must withstand a proof pressure of one and one-half (1.5) times a maximum operating pressure of 1800 Psig for five (5) minutes without leaks, visible deformation or change in calibration with the pickup (pickoff) removed. Burst Pressure: The TFM must withstand a burst pressure of fou
36、r (4) times a maximum operating pressure or to the pressure limits of the end connection without rupturing at ambient temperature with the pickup (pickoff) removed. _SAE INTERNATIONAL AS5304 4 of 6Over-Speed of Rotors: The TFM must withstand flow conditions resulting from operating at 150% of rated
37、flow during a one-minute period. The TFM must withstand flow conditions resulting from operating at 110% of rated flow during a ten-minute period. TFM operations described above shall not alter the K-Factor curve as established during calibration.Vibration: The turbine meter shall withstand a test e
38、xposing it to vibrations as specified in Figure 1.0. The test will be conducted for a period of one-half (0.5) hour in each of the three major axes. The meter shall be filled with liquid (nominal viscosity not greater than Jet-A at room temperature) during this test. The tests shown in Figure 1.0 ar
39、e intended to assure the user that the meter can withstand and operate without degradation, while enduring random vibrations typically encountered on aircraft engines or engine test cells or that the meter can withstand shocks as encountered during shipping and handling.FIGURE 1 VIBRATION TEST ENVEL
40、OPE Shock: Shocks shall be applied in a test fixture capable of applying 80 gs during 0.035 seconds or an equivalent displacement of 0.05 inches. Optionally, the meter may be dropped from a height of ten (10) inches onto a rigid surface cushioned by a one-half (0.5) inch rubber sheet of 60-shore-dur
41、ometer hardness. One drop in the direction of each of the three principal axes shall be administered. Supplier must be able to meet these criteria without changing Long Term Stability. _SAE INTERNATIONAL AS5304 5 of 6TABLE 1 - REFERENCE TABLE OF FLOWMETER RANGES Operating (Repeatable) Flow Ranges fo
42、r Turbine Flow Meters in GPM. (US gallons used for GPM) These flow ranges are for 1.0 Centistokes liquid only Size Model Single Rotor Single Rotor Dual Rotor Nominal Size Modulated Modulated (Inches) Magnetic Carrier Carrier Repeatable Repeatable Repeatable GPM Range GPM Range GPM Range 1/2x1/4 8-4
43、0.25 to 3.0 0.05 to 3.00 0.015 to 3.00 1/2x3/8 8-6 0.50 to 6.0 0.06 to 6.00 0.025 to 6.00 1/2 8 0.60 to 9.0 0.10 to 9.50 0.030 to 9.50 5/8 10 1.0 to 15.0 0.18 to 15.0 0.035 to 15.5 3/4 12 1.5 to 30.0 0.30 to 30.0 0.050 to 30.0 1 16 2.5 to 60.0 0.6 to 60.0 0.080 to 65.0 1.25 20 3.0 to 90.0 1.0 to 100
44、 0.150 to 95.0 1.5 24 5.0 to 150 1.6 to 155 0.250 to 155 2 32 3.5 to 250 2.5 to 250 0.390 to 310 Note: Flow ranges extracted from typical supplier catalogs PREPARED BY SAE SUBCOMMITTEE EG-1E, TEST CELLS OF COMMITTEE EG-1, AEROSPACE PROPULSION SYSTEMS SUPPORT EQUIPMENT_SAE INTERNATIONAL AS5304 6 of 6
