1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2013 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p
3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497
4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J2788_201301 AEROSPACE SURFACE VEHICLE STANDARD J2788 JAN2013 Issued 2006-12 Revi
5、sed 2013-01 Superseding J2788 JUN2010 HFC-134a (R-134a) Recovery/Recycle/Recharging Equipment for Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems RATIONALE This standard is being updated to add an appendix to outline requirements for certification to SAE J2911 and updates. 1. SCOPE The purpose of this SAE Standard
6、is to establish the specific minimum equipment performance requirements for recovery and recycling of HFC-134a that has been directly removed from, and is intended for reuse in, mobile air-conditioning (A/C) systems. It also is intended to establish requirements for equipment used to recharge HFC-13
7、4a to an accuracy level that meets Section 9 of this document and SAE J2099. The requirements apply to the following types of service equipment and their specific applications. a. Recovery/Recycling Equipment, b. Recovery/Recycling-Refrigerant Charging, c. Refrigerant Recharging Equipment Only. 1.1
8、Improved refrigerant recovery equipment is required to ensure adequate refrigerant recovery to reduce emissions and provide for accurate recharging of mobile air conditioning systems. 1.2 Equipment shall be certified to meet all performance requirements outlined in this document and international/re
9、gional construction and safety requirements as outlined in Section 11 of this document. 1.3 This standard supersedes the requirements of SAE J2210. 1.4 Purpose This SAE Standard is to establish the specific minimum equipment requirements for the recovery/recycling of HFC-134a that has been directly
10、removed from, and is intended for reuse in, mobile air-conditioning systems and recovery/recycling and system recharging of recycled or virgin HFC-134a. Establishing such specifications will ensure that system operation with recycled HFC-134a will provide the same level of performance and durability
11、 as new refrigerant. SAE J2788 Revised JAN2013 Page 2 of 16 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Availab
12、le from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J2099 Standard of Purity for Recycled R-134a (HFC-134a) and R-1234yf (HFO-1234yf) for Use in Mobile Air-conditioning Systems SAE J21
13、96 Service Hose for Automotive AirConditioning SAE J2197 HFC-134a (R-134a) Service Hose Fittings for Automotive Air-Conditioning Service Equipment SAE J2296 Retest of Refrigerant Container SAE J2911 Procedure for Certification that Requirements for Mobile Air Conditioning System Components, Service
14、Equipment, and Service Technician Training Meet SAE J Standards 2.1.2 CGA Publications Available from CGA, 4221 Walney Road, 5th Floor, Chantilly VA 20151-2923, Tel: 703-788-2700, www.cganetcom. CGA Pamphlet S-1.1 Pressure Relief Device Standard Part 1-Cylinders for Compressed Gases 2.1.3 DOT Public
15、ations Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9320. OT Standard, CFR Title 49, Section 173.304 Shippers-General Requirements for Shipments and Packagings 2.1.4 UL Publications Available from Underwriters Laboratories In
16、c., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, Tel: 847-272-8800, . UL 1769 Cylinder Valves UL 1963 Refrigerant Recovery/Recycling Equipment UL 1963 Refrigerant Recovery/Recycling Equipment 3. SPECIFICATION AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION 3.1 The equipment must be able to remove and process HFC-134a (R-
17、134a) from mobile A/C systems to the purity level specified in SAE J2099. 3.2 The equipment shall be suitable for use in an automotive service garage environment and be capable of continuous operation in ambients from 10 to 49 C (50 to 120 F). If it is designed to recharge a system, and it uses a sc
18、ale for this purpose, the scale must demonstrate the ability to maintain accuracy per the test in 10.2. 3.3 The equipment must be certified that it meets this specification by an EPA listed certifying laboratory. SAE J2788 Revised JAN2013 Page 3 of 16 3.4 The equipment shall have a label, which stat
19、es, “Certified by (Certifying Agent) to Meet SAE J2788 in bold-type letters a minimum of 3 mm (1/8 in) in height. 3.5 Equipment meeting high voltage compressor requirements in 8.9.5 shall also be marked below the SAE J2788 marking of 3.4 “Certified for High Voltage Compressor Service” in bold-type l
20、etters a minimum of 3 mm (1/8 in) in height and shall incorporate the ISO high voltage symbol. 4. REFRIGERANT RECYCLING EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS 4.1 Moisture and Acid The equipment shall incorporate a desiccant package that must be replaced before saturation with moisture, and whose mineral acid capac
21、ity is at least 5% by weight of the dry desiccant. 4.1.1 The equipment shall be provided with a means of indicating when the filter desiccant moisture capacity has reached the allowable limit and desiccant replacement is required. This may include a reliable means of detecting moisture level or an a
22、lgorithm based on the amount refrigerant recovered. The user must be clearly alerted to replace the filter prior to the full saturation. Warnings shall be displayed on screens and (printed on printouts where applicable). The warnings must explain that the machine is approaching the end of filter lif
23、e. The manufacturer must incorporate a lockout when the end of filter life is reached. 4.1.2 The manufacturer shall use an identification system to ensure that a new filter has been installed to reset the machine for operation. 4.2 Filter The equipment shall incorporate an in-line filter that will t
24、rap particulates of 15 micron spherical diameter or greater. 4.3 Scale (if used) The scale must maintain accuracy when moved, as per the test in Section 10. 4.4 Purging Noncondensable Gases 4.4.1 The equipment shall automatically purge noncondensables (NCGs), which are primarily air, if the acceptab
25、le level is exceeded. NCG removal must be part of the normal operation of the equipment and instructions must be provided to enable the task to be accomplished within 30 min (to reach the refrigerant purity level specified in SAE J2099). 4.4.2 Refrigerant loss from noncondensable gas purging during
26、the testing described in Section 8 shall be minimized by a method that initiates a purge when the machine has not been in use for a period long enough for air-refrigerant separation in the tank to have occurred. 4.4.3 Refrigerant loss from noncondensable purging during the testing described in Secti
27、on 8 shall not exceed 5% by weight of the total contaminated refrigerant removed from the test system 4.5 Recharging and transfer of recycled refrigerant shall be taken from the liquid phase only. SAE J2788 Revised JAN2013 Page 4 of 16 5. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS See Section 11 for International/Regional
28、 Construction and Safety Requirements. 5.1 The equipment must comply with applicable federal, state, and local requirements on equipment related to handling HFC-134a material. Safety precautions or notices related to safe operation of the equipment shall be prominently displayed on the equipment and
29、 should also state “CAUTION-SHOULD BE OPERATED BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL.“ 5.2 Under NO CIRCUMSTANCES should any equipment be pressure tested or leak tested with air/HFC-134a mixtures. Do not use compressed air (shop air) for leak detection in systems containing HFC-134a. This should be clearly stated
30、in the manual. 6. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 6.1 The equipment manufacturer shall provide a warning in the instruction manual regarding the possibility of refrigerant contamination in the mobile A/C system being serviced. 6.1.1 If recovery/recycle equipment has refrigerant identification equipment, the
31、refrigerant identification equipment shall meet the requirements of SAE J1771 or J2912. 6.1.2 Recovery/recycling equipment not having refrigerant identification capability shall have instructions in the equipment manual covering possible contamination problems to the equipment and the contamination
32、of the existing recycled refrigerant in the container in the equipment. 6.2 The equipment manufacturer must provide operating instructions, including proper attainment of vehicle system vacuum (i.e., when to stop the extraction process), filter/desiccant replacement, and purging of noncondensable ga
33、ses (air). Also to be included are any other necessary maintenance procedures, source information for replacement parts and, repair and safety precautions. 6.2.1 The manual shall identify the proper maintaining of hose and seals to prevent the addition of excess air, due to leaks, during the recover
34、y process, which would increase the NCG level in the recovered refrigerant. 6.3 The equipment must prominently display the manufacturers name, address, the type of refrigerant it is designed to recycle, a service telephone number, and the part number for the replacement filter/drier. 7. FUNCTIONAL D
35、ESCRIPTION The ability of the equipment to meet the refrigerant recovery and recharge specifications of this section shall be determined by the test procedures of Section 10. 7.1 The equipment must be capable of continuous operation in ambient temperatures of 10 C (50 F) to 50 C (120 F). Continuous
36、is defined as completing recovery/recycle and recharge (if applicable) operations with no more than a brief reset period between vehicles, and shall not include time delays for allowing a system to outgas (which shall be part of the recovery period provided by this standard). Continuous may include
37、time out for an air purge if necessary, although it is understood that extended equipment-off time is preferred to allow NCG and refrigerant separation in the supply tank for optimum results. 7.1.1 The equipment shall be capable of removing a minimum of 95% of the refrigerant from the test system in
38、 30 min or less, without external heating, or use of any device (such as shields, reflectors, special lights, etc.) which could heat components of the system. The recovery procedures shall be based on 21 to 24 C (70 to 75 F) ambient temperature. The test system for qualifying shall be a 1.4 kg (3 lb
39、) capacity orifice tube/accumulator system in a 2005-2009 Chevrolet Suburban with front and rear A/C, or the test option described in 10.5 and shall be determined by accurately weighing the recovery machine with the resolution and accuracy of within 2.3-g (0.005-lb) in the range of the machines weig
40、ht. The laboratory shall maintain records of the vehicle, including its VIN (vehicle identification number). SAE J2788 Revised JAN2013 Page 5 of 16 7.1.2 The preceding shall not preclude a brief period of engine/AC operation at fast idle (up to 15 min, up to 2000 rpm) to circulate refrigerant and oi
41、l, and provide some engine and A/C warm-up. The laboratory shall monitor coolant temperature per the vehicle engine coolant temperature sensor, and coolant temperature shall not be allowed to exceed 105 C (221 F). The time required shall not be included in the total time of 30 min set forth in 7.1.1
42、. 7.1.3 The refrigerant that is recovered, following oil separation, shall be measured and the quantity displayed, accurate to within 30 g (1.0 oz). The equipment must include a provision for checking the accuracy, per the requirements of 9.1. 7.2 Storage Vessel and Tank Over-fill Protection See Sec
43、tion 11 listing international/regional construction and safety requirements. 7.3 If the machine is designed for recharging, and the marketer permits use of a non-refillable refrigerant tank, the machine shall include a way to ensure virgin refrigerant remaining in the tank (called the “heel“) to no
44、more than 2% of tank rated capacity when the tank is indicated to be empty. This may be done by the machine marketer as follows: Specify a non-venting procedure, to minimize the amount of unused virgin refrigerant remaining in the tank. The machine shall include any devices required for the procedur
45、e, other than ordinary service shop tools and supplies, and include in the operators manual, any instructions. Provide an automatic or (with instructions in the operators manual) semi-automatic non-venting procedure with the machine. The laboratory shall test for the 2% capability. For testing purpo
46、ses it may use a refillable tank, minimum 15 Ib capacity (6.8 kg) containing a minimum of 7.5 lb (3.4 kg) refrigerant. The test is as follows: 1. Weigh the tank at the start of the test, on a scale accurate to 3 g, to ensure it contains sufficient refrigerant. 2. Operate the machine to remove refrig
47、erant from the tank, charging into a holding container until the tank is indicated to be empty. Continue with the marketers recommended procedure for the 2% capability. 3. Weigh the tank, on a scale accurate to 3 g. 4. Using the recovery compressor and/or a vacuum pump, draw the tank into a vacuum o
48、f 9 to 10 in Mercury (225 to 250 mm Mercury). The tank must hold that vacuum with a decay of less than 10% in 10 min. If vacuum decays 10% or more, the procedure shall be repeated as necessary to ensure the tank is empty. 5. Weigh the tank on a scale accurate to 3 g. The difference in weight from St
49、eps 3 to 5 shall be within 2% of the weight of the amount of refrigerant that is the tanks rated capacity. 6. This test may be performed at the conclusion of testing in 10.4 or 10.5. If the machine passes or has passed all other testing in this standard, the marketer may make modifications in procedure and/or machine operation and retest once at a later date, within 90 days. If the machine fails the retest, the mac
