版选修3_2.ppt

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本章综合小结,知识网络构建,补充专题训练,热敏电阻是由半导体材料制成的,其电阻率对温度非常敏感热敏电阻有正温度系数(PTC热敏电阻)、负温度系数(NTC热敏电阻)两种正温度系数的热敏电阻的阻值随温度升高而增大,负温度系数的热敏电阻的阻值随温度升高而减小金属热电阻和热敏电阻都能把热学量转换为电学量,如图所示是某种电子秤的原理示意图,AB为一均匀的线性电阻,阻值为R,长度为L,两边分别有P1、P2两个滑动头,P1可在竖直绝缘光滑的固定杆MN上保持水平状态而上下自由滑动弹簧处于原长时,P1刚好指着A端,P1与托盘固定相连若P1、P2间出现电压时,该电压经过放大,通过信号转换后在显示屏上将显示物体重力的大小已知弹簧的劲度系数为k,托盘自身质量为m0,电源电动势为E,内阻不计,当地的重力加速度为g.求:,例,(1)托盘上未放物体时,在托盘自身重力作用下,P1离A的距离x1; (2)托盘上放有质量为m的物体时,P1离A的距离x2; (3)在托盘上未放物体时通常先校准零点,其方法是:调节P2,使P2离A的距离也为x1,从而使P1、P2间的电压为零校准零点后,将物体m放在托盘上,试推导出物体质量m与P1、P2间的电压U之间的函数关系式 【解析】 托盘的移动带动P1移动,使P1、P2间出现电势差,电势差的大小反映了托盘向下移动距离的大小,由于R为均匀的线性电阻,则其电阻与长度成正比,

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