2019版八年级数学下册第五章分式与分式方程5.3分式的加减法(第1课时)教学课件(新版)北师大版.ppt

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1、3 分式的加减法 第1课时,【基础梳理】 1.同分母分式的加减法 (1)法则:分母_,把分子_. (2)字母表示: =_.,不变,相加减,2.可化为同分母分式的加减法 (1)法则:当分母互为相反数时,先_,再 利用同分母分式加减法进行计算. (2)字母表示: _ =_.,化为同分母分式,【自我诊断】 1.(1)计算 的结果为 ( ) A.a+b B.a-b C. D.a2-b2 (2)计算 的结果是 ( ) A.a-b B.b-a C.1 D.-1,A,D,2.(1)化简: _. (2)计算: =_.,3,知识点一 同分母分式的加减法 【示范题1】(1)(2017咸宁中考)化简: _. (2)

2、2017湘潭中考)计算: _.,【思路点拨】将分式的分子相加减,分母不变,再进行化简,使结果为最简分式或整式.,【解析】 答案:x+1 (2) 答案:1,【微点拨】 同分母分式的加减法法则及注意事项 1.法则:同分母分式相加减,分母不变,分子相加减. 2.注意事项:“分子相加减”指将各个分式的“分子的整体”相加减,即当分子是多项式时,应先用括号括起来,尤其是分子相减时,应减去分子整体,因此括号不能漏.,知识点二 可化为同分母分式的加减法 【示范题2】计算: _. 【自主解答】 答案:a+1,【备选例题】计算: 【解析】,【微点拨】 可化为同分母分式的加减法 1.同时改变分子与分母的符号,变成同分母分式. 2.按照同分母分式的加减法则进行计算.,【纠错园】计算:,【错因】分子相加减时,减的不是x-1的整体.,

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