九年级化学下册第八单元金属和金属材料实验活动4金属的物理性质和某些化学性质课件(新版)新人教版.pptx

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1、实验活动4 金属的物理性质和某些化学性质,【实验目的】 1.巩固和加深对金属性质的认识。 2.培养实验设计能力。 【实验用品】 仪器和材料:试管、试管夹、酒精灯、坩埚钳、电池、导线、小灯泡、火柴。 药品:镁条、锌粒、铝片、铁片、铁粉、铜片、黄铜片( 或白铜片 )、稀盐酸、稀硫酸、硫酸铜溶液、硝酸银溶液。,【问题与交流】 铁是银白色金属,而铁粉是黑色的,为什么?,粉末状态下的铁疏松多孔,吸收可见光,反射能力较差,所以看起来是黑色的。,1.金属在生活中有极为重要的作用,下列金属材料的运用与金属所具有的性质不一致的是( D ) A.制造白炽灯灯丝熔点高 B.制造飞机坚硬而质轻 C.制造化工原料的容器

2、耐腐蚀 D.制造保险丝硬度大 2.随着科技的进步,许多场所使用了新型“防盗玻璃”。新型“防盗玻璃”为多层结构,每层中间嵌有极细的金属线,当玻璃被击碎时,产生电信号,与金属线相连的警报系统就会立刻报警,这主要利用了金属的( C ) A.导热性 B.弹性 C.导电性 D.延展性,4.有X、Y、Z三种金属,将Y放入XSO4溶液时,溶液质量不断增加;把X放入ZNO3溶液时,溶液质量不断减少,则符合题意的X、Y、Z可以是( D ) A.Zn、Fe、Cu B.Fe、Mg、Cu C.Al、Fe、Ag D.Cu、Zn、Ag,7.向一定量硝酸银和硝酸亚铁的混合溶液中加入锌粉,充分反应后所得溶液的质量与加入锌粉的

3、质量关系如图所示。下列说法正确的是( D ) A.a点所得固体为银和铁 B.b点所得溶液中的溶质为硝酸银、硝酸亚铁和硝酸锌 C.c点所得溶液中的溶质为硝酸亚铁和硝酸锌 D.d点所得固体为银、铁和锌,8.小彬同学家新买了水龙头,从说明书上了解到该水龙头是铜质镀铬的。他想起在学习金属化学性质时用到的金属活动性顺序表中没有铬,为了了解铬与常见金属铝、铜在金属活动性顺序表中的相对位置关系,进行如下探究活动。 【查阅资料】铬( Cr )是银白色有光泽的金属,在空气中表面能生成抗腐蚀的致密氧化膜。 铬能与稀硫酸反应,生成蓝色的硫酸亚铬( CrSO4 )溶液 【预测】三种金属在金属活动性顺序表中的相对位置关系:Cr Al Cu;Al Cr Cu;Al Cu Cr。,

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