七年级生物下册4.7.2《探究环境污染对生物的影响》典型例题(新版)新人教版.doc

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1第二节 探究环境污染对生物的影响典型例题一发电厂可以利用煤、 天然气、核能发电,这三种原料中最容易引发酸雨的是:( ) A.煤和天然气 B.煤 C.核能 D.三者都可能【答案】 B【分析】 根据酸雨形成的原理,空气中的 SO2和 NO 转化为 H2SO4 和 HNO3进入雨水,使雨水的 PH 值低于 5.6,形成酸雨。而空气中的 SO2和 NO 的来源主要来自煤烟尘和汽车尾气。所以,燃烧煤发电的发电厂,最容易引发酸雨。典型例题二下列污染物中,通过食物链危害人体的是( )A.沙尘暴 B.二氧化硫 C.汞、镉等有毒物质 D.氟利昂【答案】 C【分析】沙尘暴主要损害呼吸系统;二氧化硫形成酸雨;氟利昂破坏臭氧层,会引发皮肤癌。汞、镉等主要污染水源土壤,被动植物吸收后通过食物链进入人体,引发“水俣病”、“痛痛病”。

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