1、 i ANSI B11.7-1995 (R2010) American National Standard for Machine Tools Cold Headers and Cold Formers Safety Requirements for Construction, Care, and Use Secretariat and Accredited Standards Developer: B11 Standards, Inc. 42293 Young Lane Leesburg, VA 20176 Approved: February 6, 1995 Reaffirmed: Nov
2、ember 17, 2010 by the American National Standards, Inc. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD B11.7 1995 ii AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS By approving this American National Standard, the ANSI Board of Standards Review confirms that the requirements for due process, consensus, balance and openness have been met
3、by AMT The Association For Manufacturing Technology (the ANSI-accredited standards developing organization). American National Standards are developed through a consensus process. Consensus is established when substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Subs
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5、terest in the topic covered by this publication. While AMT administers the process and establishes procedures to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not write the document and it does not independently test, evaluate or verify the accuracy or completeness of any information or
6、the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards or guidelines. American National Standards are promulgated through ANSI for voluntary use; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether they have approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or
7、 using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. However, users, distributors, regulatory bodies, certification agencies and others concerned may apply American National Standards as mandatory requirements in commerce and industry. The American National Standards Institute
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10、y of your particular purposes or needs. AMT disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, application or reliance on this docume
11、nt. AMT does not undertake to guarantee the performance of any individual manufacturer or sellers products or services by virtue of this standard or guide, nor does it take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with the items which are mentioned in or
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16、f the certifier or maker of the statement. NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. You may contact the Secret
17、ariat for current status information on this, or other B11 standards. Individuals interested in obtaining up-to-date information on standards can access this information at http:www.nssn.org (or by contacting ANSI). NSSN - A National Resource for Global Standards, provides a central point to search
18、for standards information from worldwide sources and can connect those who seek standards to those who supply them. Published by: AMT The Association For Manufacturing Technology 7901 Westpark Drive, McLean, VA 221024206, USA Copyright 2003 by the Association For Manufacturing Technology All rights
19、reserved. Printed in the United States of America No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD B11.7 1995 iii Contents Foreword .iv Introduction vii 1 Scope
20、, purpose, and application 1 2 Normative references . 2 3 Definitions 3 4 Responsibility . 6 5 Hazard identification and hazard control strategy 9 6 Design and construction . 10 7 Layout, installation, testing and start-up . 19 8 Safeguarding 20 9 Care and use 24 Figure 1 Nomenclature for typical co
21、ld header (operators side) 26 Figure 2 Nomenclature for typical cold header (internal view camshaft side) 27 Figure 4 Large cold former . 29 Figure 5 Larger cold former 30 Figure 6 Toggle header (enclosure removed) 31 Figure 7 Twodie, threepunch cold header 32 Figure 8 Bearing cold header (ball and/
22、or roller) 33 Figure 9 Micro former . 34 Figure 10 Formax boltmaker 35 Figure 11 Formax header . 36 Figure 12a Single die die block (example) 37 Figure 12b Multi die die block (example) . 37 Figure 13 Examples of hand feeding tools . 38 Figure 14 Example of turnover bar . 38 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDA
23、RD B11.7 1995 iv Foreword (This Foreword is not part of American National Standard B11.7-1995) The primary objective of this standard is to eliminate or control the risk of injuries to personnel associated with cold headers and cold formers by establishing requirements for the machines construction,
24、 care and use. To accomplish this objective, responsibilities have been assigned to the supplier (manufacturer, rebuilder, modifier) as well as to personnel in the working environment. Point-of-operation safeguarding is the single most important factor in the elimination of point-of-operation injuri
25、es. A production system consists of the cold headers and cold formers as one component, feeding methods (including part or scrap removal) as a second component, and the third component, point-of-operation safeguarding. The vital third component, point-of-operation safeguarding, can be evaluated for
26、effectiveness only after the first two components and operator involvement is known. Since this information is known and controlled by the user, the responsibility for compliance with clause 6 has been assigned accordingly. The safeguarding of cold headers and cold formers is complicated by the wide
27、 variety of operations and operating conditions, the variations in size, speed, and type of cold header/cold former used; the size and kind of pieces to be worked; the required accuracy of the finished work; the skill of operators; the length of run; and the method of material feeding and part and s
28、crap removal. Because of these varying factors in the operations and in the workplace, a wide variety of point-of-operation safeguarding methods (guards and devices) has been covered in this standard. The words “safe“ and “safety“ are not absolutes. Safety is an attitude. While the goal of this stan
29、dard is to eliminate injuries, it is recognized that risk factors cannot be practically reduced to zero in any human activity. This standard is not intended to replace good judgment and personal responsibility. Operator skill, attitude, training, job monotony, fatigue and experience are safety facto
30、rs that must be considered by the user. To aid all parties concerned in complying with the requirements of this standard, explanatory information has been placed in the right column, adjacent to the applicable requirements. Inquiries with respect to the application or the substantive requirements of
31、 this standard and suggestions for its improvement are welcomed, and should be sent to the AMT - The Association For Manufacturing Technology, 7901 Westpark Drive, McLean, Virginia 22102-4269, Attention: Safety Department. This standard was revised by the B11.7 Subcommittee, processed and administer
32、ed by the AMT, as Secretariat, and approved by the B11 Parent Voting Committee for submittal to ANSI as an American National Standard in accordance with requirements of the ANSI Accredited B11 Operating Procedures. Subsequent to an annual interest survey conducted by the Secretariat, the organizatio
33、ns listed below have registered a voting interest on this standard. Their listing does not necessarily imply that all organizations voted for its approval. At the time of ballot, the following representatives registered a vote on behalf of their organization. Suggestions for improvement of this stan
34、dard will be welcome. They should be sent to The Association For Manufacturing Technology 7901 Westpark Drive, McLean, VA 22102 - Attention: B11 Secretariat. This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by the Accredited Standards Committee on Safety Standards for Machine Tools. Co
35、mmittee approval of this standard does not necessarily imply that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time it approved this standard, the B11 Committee had the following members: Theodore M. Wire, Chairman Charles A. Carlsson, Secretary AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD B11.7 1995 v Organi
36、zation Represented Name of Representative Aerospace Industries Association of America, Inc. Gerald Lancour Alliance of American Insurers John W. Russell American Boiler Manufacturers Association Thomas A. Saari Russell N. Mosher (Alt.) American Insurance Services Group Henry S. Pankiw American Socie
37、ty of Safety Engineers Theodore M. Wire Alfred B. Auerhaan (Alt.) Can Manufacturing Institute O.L. Campbell Computer no deviation is permitted. The term “SHOULD” denotes a recommendation, a practice or condition among several alternatives, or a preferred method or course of action. Similarly, the te
38、rm “CAN” denotes a possibility, ability or capability, whether physical or causal, and the term “MAY” denotes a permissible course of action within the limits of the standard. B11 conventions: Operating rules (safe practices) are not included in either column of this standard unless they are of such
39、 nature as to be vital safety requirements, equal in weight to other requirements, or guides to assist in compliance with the standard. The B11 standards do not use the term “and/or” but instead, the term “OR” is used as an inclusive disjunction, meaning one or the other or both. A distinction betwe
40、en the terms “individual” and “personnel” is drawn. Individual includes personnel (employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other contract workers under the indirect control of the supplier or user) but also encompasses persons who are not under the direct or indirect control of the supplier or us
41、er (e.g., visitors, vendors, etc.). Gauge refers to a measuring or testing instrument; gage refers to limiting device (e.g., backgage). Figures 1-14 included in this standard are provided to aid in its understanding. As such, they are to be considered to be examples and not as part of the requirements. Annex A is for informatin purposes only. Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent to AMT-The Association For Manufacturing Technology, 7901 Westpark Drive, McLean, VA 22102 - Attention: B11 Secretariat.
