1、IEEE Std 1646-2004IEEE Standards1646TMIEEE Standard CommunicationDelivery Time PerformanceRequirements for Electric PowerSubstation Automation3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USAIEEE Power Engineering SocietySponsored by theSubstation CommitteeIEEE Standards25 February 2005Print: SH95283PDF:
2、SS95283Recognized as anAmerican National Standard (ANSI)The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USACopyright 2005 by the IEEE.All rights reserved. Published 23 February 2005. Printed in the United States of America.IEEE is a registered trade
3、mark in the U.S. Patent +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educationalclassroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center.NOTEAttention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subjectmatt
4、er covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the exist-ence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifyingpatents for which a license may be required by an IEEE standard or for conducti
5、ng inquiries into the legal valid-ity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention.iiiCopyright 2005 IEEE. All rights reserved.Introduction(This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1646-2004, IEEE Standard Communication Delivery Time PerformanceRequirements for Electric Power Substat
6、ion Automation.)This standard applies to systems used to communicate between intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) forsubstation integrated protection, control and data acquisition. The requirements of this standard are inaddition to those contained in standards for individual devices (e.g., relays,
7、 switchgear).This standard applies to a rapidly changing technology. It is anticipated that frequent revision may bedesirable.Notice to usersPatentsAttention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject mattercovered by patent rights. By publication of
8、 this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence orvalidity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifyingpatents or patent applications for which a license may be required by to implement an IEEE standard or forconducting inquiries
9、into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention.ErrataErrata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL forerrata periodica
10、lly.InterpretationsCurrent interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/index.html.ParticipantsAt the time this standard was completed, the Task Force C2TF4 had the following membership:Dennis K. Holstein, ChairWilliam AckermanRobert CorlewMike D
11、oodGary EngmannJames GardnerMarc LacroixPeter RaschioLee SmithJohn Tengdin ivCopyright 2005 IEEE. All rights reserved.The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may havevoted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. When the IEEE-SA Standards Board
12、 approved this standard on 23 September 2004, it had the followingmembership:Don Wright, ChairSteve M. Mills, Vice ChairJudith Gorman, Secretary*Member EmeritusAlso included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons:Satish K. Aggarwal, NRC RepresentativeRichard DeBlasio, DOE Repre
13、sentativeAlan Cookson, NIST RepresentativeDon MessinaIEEE Standards Project EditorWilliam AckermanSteve AlexandersonMunnu BajpaiShankha BasuJim BelesiuAlexander BonnymanStuart BoucheyDan BrosnanGustavo BrunelloChristoph BrunnerTerrence BurnsTommy CooperLuis CoronadoR. DaubertDr. Guru Dutt DhingraByr
14、on DavenportPaul DrumAmir El-SheikhAhmed ElneweihiGary EngmannJames EvansKenneth FoderoFrank GerleveErich GuntherHarold HeldWilliam HiginbothamDennis K. HolsteinEdward Horgan, Jr.Christopher HuntleyBarry JacksonGeorge KaradyMark KempkerYuri KhersonskyStanley KleinHermann KochJoseph L. KoepfingerTerr
15、y KrummreyCarl LaPlaceThomas LaRoseJason LinGregory LuriWilliam MajeskiJohn McDonaldJeff McElrayGary MichelBruce MuschlitzGary L. Nissen.Krste NajdenkoskiMichael NewmanDan NordellPaul PillitteriPercy E. PoolPeter RaschioRoger RayByron ReidJames RuggieriMohindar S. SachdevCarlos SamitierHolger Schube
16、rtMarco ScorranoTarlochan SidhuMark SimonVeselin SkendzicH. Lee SmithJames SmithPeter StewartJohn TengdinDemetrios TziouvarasWilliam WessmanJames WilsonJesus Martinez Peter Wong Chuck AdamsH. Stephen BergerMark D. BowmanJoseph A. BruderBob DavisRoberto de BoissonJulian Forster*Arnold M. GreenspanMar
17、k S. HalpinRaymond HapemanRichard J. HollemanRichard H. HulettLowell G. JohnsonJoseph L. Koepfinger*Hermann KochThomas J. McGeanDaleep C. MohlaPaul NikolichT. W. OlsenRonald C. PetersenGary S. RobinsonFrank StoneMalcolm V. ThadenDoug ToppingJoe D. WatsonCONTENTS 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpo
18、se 1 1.3 IEEE 1646 is communication protocol and data model neutral. 1 1.4 Document organization 1 2. References 2 3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations 2 3.1 Definitions . 2 3.2 Acronyms and abbreviations . 7 4. Communication delivery time performance requirements .8 4.1 Overview of message d
19、elivery performance 8 4.2 Typical data delivery time between intelligent electronic devices 9 4.3 Application specific communication performance requirements. 10 5. Communication capabilities required to deliver data on time 13 5.1 Real-time support 13 5.2 Message priority 13 5.3 Broadcast and multi
20、cast support 14 5.4 Data delivery criticality . 14 5.5 Time synchronization 14 5.6 Timing constraints . 15 6. System requirements to deliver data on time 16 6.1 External interfaces . 16 6.2 Engineering analysis 18 Annex A (informative) Bibliography . 19 A.1 EPRI reports . 19 A.2 CIGRE reports 19 A.3
21、 IEEE technical reports, standards, and draft standards. 19 A.4 ISO/IEC documents of interest . 19 A.5 Textbooks . 20 Annex B (informative) Example applications 21 B.1 Protective relay applications . 21 B.2 Distribution applications. 22 B.3 Local control applications. 22 B.4 EMS/DMS/SCADA applicatio
22、ns 23 B.5 Planning and maintenance applications 24 Copyright 2005 IEEE. All rights reserved. vIEEE Standard Communication Delivery Time Performance Requirements for Electric Power Substation Automation 1. 1.11.21.31.4Overview Scope This standard defines communication delivery times of information to
23、 be exchanged within and external to substation integrated protection, control, and data acquisition systems. Purpose Utilities will use communication performance requirements as part of a procurement specification to develop new substation automation systems, or to modify existing substation automa
24、tion systems. Vendors will use communication performance requirements to build open system communication interfaces for intelligent electronic devices for substation automation. IEEE 1646 is communication protocol and data model neutral IEEE 1646 is a specification of communication delivery time per
25、formance requirements, other than for time synching; it does not specify an underlying protocol nor does it specify the data model used to exchange information. End users must consider the bandwidth available for communication within an electric power substation, between substations, and between sub
26、stations and other entities. End users must also select a comprehensive data model describing the semantics of the information to be exchanged. Document organization In addition to the overview, described in this clause, normative references are described in Clause 2 and definitions, acronyms and ab
27、breviations are defined in Clause 3. Communication delivery time performance requirements are described in Clause 4 to specify the measurable criteria for complying with this standard. Clause 5 and Clause 6 describe the communication capabilities and system capabilities required to deliver data with
28、in specified times. Copyright 2005 IEEE. All rights reserved. 1IEEE Std 1646-2004 Standard Communication Delivery Time Performance Requirements for Electric Power Substation Automation 2.3. 3.1Two informative annexes are part of this standard. Annex A (informative) Bibliography Describes references
29、that are commonly used in power system engineering and communications between intelligent electronic devices. Annex B (informative) Example applications Summarizes example applications for protection, distribution, local control, EMS/DMS/SCADA, and planning and maintenance functions. References This
30、 standard shall be used in conjunction with the following normative publications. When the referenced standard is superseded by an approved revision, the revision shall apply. IEEE Std 1588-2002, IEEE Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Syste
31、ms.1Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply. The Authoritative Dictionary of IEEE Standards, Seventh Edition B7, should be referenced for terms not defined in this clause. The following conventions are used for
32、 cross-referencing: Contr: Refers to a term that has an opposed or substantively different meaning. See: Refers to a related term that has a similar, but not synonymous meaning. Syn: Indicates that the term has the same meaning as another term, which is referenced. 3.1.1 adjacent component protectio
33、n: Protection of power system equipment at one substation based on data measured at others, e.g., line differential protection and teleprotection. 3.1.2 alarm processing: Alarm analysis procedures to improve presentation of alarm data. It ranges from updating alarm lists and producing group alarms u
34、p to more intelligent evaluations. 3.1.3 asynchronous transmission: In data communications, a method of transmission in which sending and receiving of data is controlled by control characters rather than by a timing sequence. 3.1.4 automatic switching sequences: Automatic sequential operation of gro
35、ups of power system devices to reduce operator workload and/or switching time and to avoid unsuccessful or unnecessary switching attempts. 3.1.5 availability of data: State in which data are where the user needs them, when the user needs them, and how the user needs them. 3.1.6 breaker: A device tha
36、t connects and disconnects power circuits, with fault-interrupting capability; Syn: circuit breaker. 3.1.7 breaker (health) monitoring: A function that measures a breakers parameters for decisions on needed maintenance or repair. 1 IEEE publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and
37、 Electronics Engineers, Inc., 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA (http:/standards.ieee.org/). Copyright 2005 IEEE. All rights reserved. 2IEEE Std 1646-2004 Standard Communication Delivery Time Performance Requirements for Electric Power Substation Automation 3.1.8 breaker failure protection: B
38、ackup protection scheme to trip all connected breakers if a breaker fails to clear a detected fault. 3.1.9 broadband: Transmission that typically employs nondiscrete (analog) signals that are continuously transmitted over a transmission media in the form of electromagnetic waves. Discrete informatio
39、n is encoded into analog waves by using amplitude, frequency, or phase modulation of the base (carrier) signal; Contr: baseband. 3.1.10 broadcast mode: Concurrent transfer mode of information to all connected receivers with one message from the information source; Contr: unicast mode; multicast mode
40、. 3.1.11 calibrate function: Process of adjusting internal parameters of a measurement unit to reduce errors in its measured values. 3.1.12 client: (A) A system entity (combination of hardware and software components) which requests particular services to be done on its behalf from another entity (i
41、.e., the server); (B) An intelligent electronic device (IED) object that requests information from, or invokes the procedures, of another (i.e., the server). 3.1.13 cold load pickup: Restoration of a circuit where all load diversity is lost. 3.1.14 communication interface: Serial interface of a devi
42、ce that allows exchange of (physical and logical) information among devices of the same or different functional levels in a hierarchical system. An interface specifies the connection of a communication link, with regard to the mechanical connection as well as to the signals physical and functional c
43、haracteristics. 3.1.15 communication safety: Measures and controls to avoid any deterioration or losses of information (reliability). 3.1.16 device: Physical entity connected to the communication network composed of at least one communication element (the network element), which may have a control e
44、lement, and/or a monitoring element (transducer, actuator, etc.). 3.1.17 digital fault recorder (DFR): Device that samples and stores analog and related binary data during power system transients; Syn: Transient fault recorder (TFR). 3.1.18 disconnect switch: Device that connects and disconnects de-
45、energized power circuits; Syn: isolator. 3.1.19 equipment clock synchronization: Automated procedure to maintain consistent time data throughout the substation or power system; e.g., for time tagging or synchronized sampling. 3.1.20 equipment load monitoring: Automated procedures to detect equipment
46、 overload. The goal is to tolerate temporary overload, support for adaptive protection and maintenance on request. 3.1.21 fault isolation: A procedure to operate feeder-sectionalizing switches (isolators) to disconnect a faulted feeder section. 3.1.22 fault recording: Process for collection, storage
47、 and analysis of power system fault data. 3.1.23 feeder fault isolation: A procedure to disconnect the power network device (transformer, busbar, switchgear, etc.) in which a fault has occurred. 3.1.24 feeder switching: A procedure to manage feeder connectivity changes; See also: automatic switching
48、 sequences. 3.1.25 generator protection: Function of protecting generator from fault and abnormal operating conditions. Copyright 2005 IEEE. All rights reserved. 3IEEE Std 1646-2004 Standard Communication Delivery Time Performance Requirements for Electric Power Substation Automation 3.1.26 global p
49、ositioning system (GPS) receiver: Device that acquires precision time and position data from the U.S. Department of Defense system of low-orbit satellites. For substations, it is used as time receiver for equipment clock synchronization. 3.1.27 high integrity: Integrity where a vanishing small probability of undetected error must be achieved; See also: integrity. 3.1.28 high-speed sampled data: Raw sampled data provided by an analog-to-digital converter located close to the voltage transformers (VTs) and current transformers (CTs). A process bus, or dedicated point-to-p
