1、bc Referencenumber ISO/IEC15412:1999(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 15412 Firstedition 19990915 InformationtechnologyPortable computerkeyboardlayouts TechnologiesdelinformationDispositionsdeclavierpour ordinateurportableISO/IEC15412:1999(E) ISO/IEC1999 Allrightsreserved.Unlessotherwisespecified,n
2、opartofthispublicationmaybereproducedorutilizedinanyformorbyan ymeans,electronic ormechanical,includingphotocopyingandmicrofilm,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher. ISO/IECCopyrightOffice Casepostale56 CH1211Genve20 Switzerland PrintedinSwitzerland ii Contents 1Scope 1 2Conformance 1 3Normati
3、vereferences . .1 4Definitions 2 5Layoutrequirements .2 5.1Alphanumericsection . .2 5.2Numericsection 2 5.3Editingsection 2 5.3.1Editingkeys. .2 5.3.2Cursorcontrol. .3 5.4Functionsection . 3 5.4.1Escapekey . 3 6Physicalrequirements .3 6.1Keylegendsize .3 AnnexA (informative) Designguidelinesrelatedt
4、okeyboardsforportablecomputers.4 A.1Cursorcontrolandpointingdevice . 4 A.2Escapekeys 4 A.3Flexibility .4 A.4Keyingnoise. 4 A.5Portablecontrols 4ISO/IEC ISO/IEC15412:1999(E) iii Foreword ISO(theInternationalOrganizationforStandardization)andIEC(theInternationalElectrotechnicalCommission) formthespeci
5、alizedsystemforworldwidestandardization.NationalbodiesthataremembersofISOorIEC participateinthedevelopmentofInternationalStandardsthroughtechnicalcommitteesestablishedbythe respectiveorganizationtodealwithparticularfieldsoftechnicalactivity.ISOandIECtechnicalcommittees collaborateinfieldsofmutualint
6、erest.Otherinternationalorganizations,governmentalandnongovernmental,in liaisonwithISOandIEC,alsotakepartinthework. InternationalStandardsaredraftedinaccordancewiththerulesgivenintheISO/IECDirectives,Part3. Inthefieldofinformationtechnology,ISOandIEChaveestablishedajointtechnicalcommittee,ISO/IECJTC
7、1. DraftInternationalStandardsadoptedbythejointtechnicalcommitteearecirculatedtonationalbodiesforvoting. PublicationasanInternationalStandardrequiresapprovalbyatleast75%ofthenationalbodiescastingavote. InternationalStandardISO/IEC15412waspreparedbyJointTechnicalCommitteeISO/IECJTC1,Information techn
8、ology,SubcommitteeSC35, Userinterfaces . AnnexAofthisInternationalStandardisforinformationonly.ISO/IEC15412:1999(E) ISO/IEC iv Introduction Theportablecomputerisusedinawiderangeofbusinessenvironments.Asignificantnumberofusersusea portablecomputereitherastheirprimaryworkingcomputerorinassociationwith
9、anofficedesktopcomputer;many usersalternatebetweenaportableandadesktopcomputer.Forthesereasons,theoverallappearanceand functionallayoutofaportablecomputerkeyboard(togetherwithitsergonomiccharacteristics)shouldbesuchasto allowtheusertomakeasmoothtransitionbetweendesktopandportableworkenvironmentstoma
10、intainadequate levelsofproductivityandsatisfaction.INTERNATIONALSTANDARD ISO/IEC ISO/IEC15412:1999(E) 1 InformationtechnologyPortablecomputerkeyboardlayouts 1Scope ForthepurposesofthisInternationalStandard,aportablecomputerisdefinedasacomputerwithascreenandan attachedkeyboardthatiscapableofrunningon
11、batterypowerforextendedperiodsoftimeandisrelativelyeasyto transportfromonelocationtoanotherbyasingleindividual. ThisInternationalStandardgivesdesignguidanceforproductdesigners;thisInternationalStandardindicatesthose requirementsandrecommendationscontainedinISO/IEC9995andISO92414:1998thataretobeconsi
12、deredin designingportablecomputerskeyboards. ThisInternationalStandardstrivestomaintainconsistency,asfaraspractical,betweenkeyboardsforportable computersanddesktopcomputers.Toaccomplishthisgoal,thisInternationalStandardhasreviewedISO/IEC9995 andISO92414:1998toidentifythosedesignfeaturesofthesetwobas
13、estandardswhicharetobefollowed,which areexemptedfromthisInternationalStandardandwhicharepermittedvariations. ThisInternationalStandardisintendedprimarilytoapplytofullsizeportablekeyboards(e.g.A4).Itmayalsoapply tootherkeyboardsoutsidethisscope.ISO92414containsaproposedalternativemethodforconformance
14、bya testbasedonuserperformanceandsubjectiveratingscales. ThisInternationalStandardconsistsoftwomajorcategoriesofguidelinesforportablecomputers: 1.Layoutcharacteristics 2.Physical(ergonomic)characteristics 2Conformance ConformancewiththisInternationalStandardcanbeachievedbymeetingalloftherequirements
15、inclauses5 (Layout)and6(Physical). ISO92414containsaproposedalternativemethodforconformanceofthephysicalrequirements.Conformanceto clause6byatestbasedonthisproposedtestmethodisthereforepossible. 3Normative references Thefollowingstandardscontainprovisionswhich,throughreferenceinthistext,constitutepr
16、ovisionsofthis InternationalStandard.Atthetimeofpublication,theeditionsindicatedwerevalid.Allstandardsaresubjectto revision,andpartiestoagreementsbasedonthisInternationalStandardareencouragedtoinvestigatethe possibilityofapplyingthemostrecenteditionsofthestandardsindicatedbelow.MembersofIECandISOmai
17、ntain registersofcurrentlyvalidInternationalStandards. ISO/IEC9995(allparts), InformationtechnologyKeyboardlayoutsfortextandofficesystems . ISO92414:1998, Ergonomicrequirementsforofficeworkwithvisualdisplayterminals(VDTs)Part4:Keyboard requirements. ISO7000:1989, GraphicalsymbolsforuseonequipmentInd
18、exandsynopsis .ISO/IEC15412:1999(E) ISO/IEC 2 4Definitions ForthepurposesofthisInternationalStandard,thedefinitionsgiveninISO/IEC99951andISO92414andthe followingapply. 4.1 pitch themeasurementofcentretocentreoredgetoedgespacingbetweenadjacentkeys 4.2 embeddednumericsection agroupofkeyswhichhavetheal
19、ternatecapabilityofgeneratingthecodesforthenumbersandfunctionsusually foundonthenumerickeypadsection 4.3 legends markingsappliedtothesurfaceofakeytopforthepurposeofidentifyingthecharacter(s)generatedby,orthe function(s)assignedto,thatkeywhenactuated 4.4 portablecomputer alightweightcompactlydesigned
20、computerwithascreenandattachedkeyboardthatiscapableofrunningon batterypowerforextendedperiodsoftimeandisrelativelyeasytotransportfromonelocationtoanotherbya singleindividual 5Layout requirements ThesectionsofakeyboardaredefinedinISO/IEC99951. 5.1Alphanumeric section Thelayoutandtheallocationofgraphi
21、ccharacterstokeysisundertheresponsibilityoftherelevantnational standardscommittees.Toensureasmoothtransitionbetweenthedesktopandportableworkenvironmentsthe layoutandtheallocationofgraphiccharacterstokeysshouldbeassimilaraspossible,ifnotidentical,between keyboardsusedinthetwoenvironments. Thealphanum
22、ericsectionshallbeasdefinedinISO/IEC99952.Allqualifierkeysshouldhaveaperceiveddiffering appearancefromthegraphickeys. 5.2Numeric section Thelayoutsofthenumericsection,ifpresent,shallbeaccordingtoISO99954.Inadditiontothisrequirement,if thereisanumericsectionembeddedwithinthealphanumericsection,nospec
23、ificlayoutisrecommendedinthis standard,butitisrecommendedthatthelegendsbeinlocationofgroup3level3accordingtoISO/IEC99951. Thereshouldbeameansoflockingthekeyboardintheembeddednumericpadstate. 5.3Editing section Duetospaceconstraints,keyboardsforportablecomputerstypicallydonothaveaseparateidentifiable
24、editing sectionasdescribedinISO/IEC99955. 5.3.1Editing keys Thekeysnormallyallocatedintheeditingzoneoftheeditingsection,ifpresent,shallbearrangedsuchthat complementaryfunctions(e.g.pageup/down)areallocatedinalogicalmannerwithintheeditingsection.ISO/IEC ISO/IEC15412:1999(E) 3 5.3.2Cursor control Curs
25、orcontrolkeysshallbearrangedasspecifiedinISO/IEC99955andallocatedtocomplementtheeditingkeys. 5.4Function section TherequirementsofISO/IEC99956applywiththefollowingexceptionswhicharenecessaryduetospace constraints. 5.4.1Escape key Theescapekey,ifprovided,maybeallocatedintheleftmostpositionofrowKorL.
26、6Physical requirements TheportablecomputerkeyboardshallcomplywithISO92414,clause6Designrecommendationsandclause7 Measurementasindicatedbelow. Allof6.1.1and7.2.1Palmrests Allof6.1.5and7.2.5Profileofkeyboard Allof6.1.6and7.2.6Keyboardsurfacesandmaterialpropertiesofkeyboards Allof6.2.2and7.3.2Keytopdes
27、ign Allof6.2.3and7.3.3Keydisplacementandforce Allof6.2.4and7.3.4Keyingfeedback Allof6.2.5and7.3.5Reboundaction(bounce) Allof6.2.6and7.3.6Keyrollover Allof6.2.7and7.3.7Keyrepeatfunction Allof6.2.8.1and7.3.8.1Graphicalsymbols Allof6.2.8.3and7.3.8.3Numberandpositioningoflegends Allof6.2.8.4and7.3.8.4Du
28、rabilityoflegends Allof6.2.9and7.3.9Cursorkeysandkeysintheeditingsection Thefollowingsubclausesareapplicableinpartonly. 6.2.11and7.3.11Keytopshapeshallbeapplicableonlytothealphanumerickeysofthealphanumericsection. 6.2.1and7.3.1Keylayoutandcentrelinespacingshallbeapplicableonlytothekeysofthealphanume
29、ricsection. Thefollowingsubclausesareexempted: Allof6.1.2and7.2.3Sectionsofthekeyboard Allof6.1.3and7.2.3Homerowheight Allof6.1.4and7.2.4Slopeofthekeyboard Allof6.1.7and7.2.7Keyboardplacement Allof6.1.8and7.2.8Keyboardslopeadjustment Allof6.2.8.2and7.3.8.2Geometricdesignoflegends Allof6.2.10and7.3.1
30、0Numerickeypad 6.1 Keylegendsize Theminimumsizeofthelegendsonthekeysshallbeasfollows: Functionandeditingkeylegendsshallbeaminimumof1,2mm. Allotherkeysshallhavelegendswhichareaminimumof2,6mm.ISO/IEC15412:1999(E) ISO/IEC 4 AnnexA (informative) Designguidelinesrelatedtokeyboardsforportablecomputers A.1
31、Cursorcontrolandpointingdevice Withintheportabletotalkeyboardarea,thereshouldbeacursormanipulationdeviceinadditiontothetraditional invertedteecursorkeys.Theoperationofanybuiltinpointingdeviceshouldbedirectlycompatiblewiththeexternal desktopequipment. A.2Escapekeys Theescapekey,ifpresent,shouldhaveap
32、erceiveddifferingappearancefromthetextentrykeys. A.3Flexibility Itshouldbepossibletoconnectadesktopkeyboardtotheportablecomputer. A.4Keyingnoise Asportablecomputersarecommonlyusedinsocialenvironments,itisimportantthatdesignofportablekeyboards aresuchthattheyareasquietaspossible,keepingmechanicalnois
33、estoaminimum. A.5Portablecontrols Withintheportabletotalkeyboardarea,theadditionalfunctiontocontrolaudio,screenandotherdevicefunctions shouldbeprovided.Ifthesekeysarealsopartofthekeyboardfunctionsection,accesstoeachofthesecontrols shouldbeachievedbyanonprogrammablekey.ISO/IEC15412:1999(E) ISO/IEC ICS35.180 Pricebasedon4pages
