1、 Reference number ISO/IEC TS 30135-1:2014(E) ISO/IEC 2014TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/IEC TS 30135-1 First edition 2014-11-15Information technology Digital publishing EPUB3 Part 1: EPUB3 Overview Technologies de linformation Publications numriques EPUB3 Partie 1: Aperu gnral de EPUB3 ISO/IEC TS 30135
2、-1:2014(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without
3、prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Swi
4、tzerland ii ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reservedISO/IEC TS 30135-1:201 4(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC
5、participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, govern
6、mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Par
7、t 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national
8、bodies casting a vote. In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, the joint technical committee may decide to publish an ISO/IEC Technical Specification (ISO/IEC TS), which represents an agreement between the members of the joint technical com
9、mittee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a vote. An ISO/IEC TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO
10、/IEC TS is confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an International Standard or be withdrawn. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall
11、not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC TS 30135 series were prepared by Korean Agency for Technology and Standards (as KS X 6070 series) with International Digital Publishing Forum and were adopted, under a special “fast-track procedure”, by Joint Technical Co
12、mmittee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, in parallel with its approval by the national bodies of ISO and IEC. ISO/IEC TS 30135 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Document description and processing languages EPUB 3: Part 1: Overview Part 2: Publicat
13、ions Part 3: Content Documents Part 4: Open Container Format Part 5: Media Overlay Part 6: Canonical Fragment Identifier Part 7: Fixed-Layout Documents EPUB 3 Overview Recommended Specification 11 October 2011 THIS VERSION http:/www.idpf.org/epub/30/spec/epub30-overview-20111011.html LATEST VERSION
14、http:/www.idpf.org/epub/30/spec/epub30-overview.html PREVIOUS VERSION http:/www.idpf.org/epub/30/spec/epub30-overview-20110908.html A diff of changes from the previous draft is available at this link. Copyright 2010, 2011 International Digital Publishing Forum All rights reserved. This work is prote
15、cted under Title 17 of the United States Code. Reproduction and dissemination of this work with changes is prohibited except with the written permission of the International Digital Publishing Forum (IDPF). EPUB is a registered trademark of the International Digital Publishing Forum. Editors Garth C
16、onboy, Google Inc. Matt Garrish, Invited Expert Markus Gylling, DAISY Consortium William McCoy, International Digital Publishing Forum (IDPF) MURATA Makoto, JEPA EPUB Study Group Daniel Weck, DAISY Consortium TAB LE O F CO NTENTS 1. Introduction 1.1. Overview 1.2. Roadmap 2. Features 2.1. Package Do
17、cument 2.2. Navigation 2.2.1. Reading Order 2.2.2. Navigation Document 2.3. Linking 2.4. Metadata 2.5. Content Documents 2.6. Rendering and CSS 2.7. Multimedia 2.8. Fonts 2.9. Scripting 2.10. Text-to-speech 2.11. Container 3. Global Language Support 3.1. Metadata 3.2. Content Documents 3.3. CSS 3.4.
18、 Fonts 3.5. Text-to-speech 3.6. Container 4. Accessibility 4.1. Navigation 4.2. Semantic Markup 4.3. Dynamic Layouts 4.4. Aural Renditions and Media Overlays 4.5. Fallbacks 4.6. Scripting A. Glossary B. Acknowledgements and Contributors B.1. EPUB 3.0 B.2. EPUB 2.0.1 B.3. EPUB 1.0 References 1 Introd
19、uction 1.1 Overview The EPUB specification is a distribution and interchange format standard for digital publications and documents. EPUB defines a means of representing, packaging and encoding structured and semantically enhanced Web content including HTML5, CSS, SVG, images, and other resources fo
20、r distribution in a single-file format. EPUB 3, the third major release of the standard, consists of a set of four specifications, each defining an important component of an overall EPUB Publication: EPUB Publications 3.0 Publications30, which defines publication-level semantics and overarching conf
21、ormance requirements for EPUB Publications. EPUB Content Documents 3.0 ContentDocs30, which defines profiles of XHTML, SVG and CSS for use in the context of EPUB Publications. EPUB Open Container Format (OCF) 3.0 OCF3, which defines a file format and processing model for encapsulating a set of relat
22、ed resources into a single-file (ZIP) EPUB Container. EPUB Media Overlays 3.0 MediaOverlays30, which defines a format and a processing model for synchronization of text and audio. EPUB has been widely adopted as the format for digital books (eBooks), and these new specifications significantly increa
23、se the formats capabilities in order to better support a wider range of publication requirements, including complex layouts, rich media and interactivity, and global typography features. The expectation is that EPUB 3 will be utilized for a broad range of content, including books, magazines and educ
24、ational, professional and scientific publications. This document provides a starting point for content authors and software developers wishing to understand these specifications. It consists of non-normative overview material, including a roadmap to the four building-block specification documents th
25、at compose EPUB 3. Another non-normative document, EPUB 3 Changes from EPUB 2.0.1 EPUB3Changes, describes changes in EPUB 3 from the previous version, but is intended primarily for Authors and EPUB Reading System vendors migrating from EPUB 2.0.1 to EPUB 3 and for those who anticipate supporting bot
26、h versions. 1.2 Roadmap This section provides an overview of the EPUB 3 specifications by explaining in brief the components of a Publication. Links to additional information within this document and to the specifications are included. An EPUB Publication, at its most basic level, is a bundled colle
27、ction of resources that can be reliably and predictably ingested by an EPUB Reading System in order to render its contents to a User. Some of these resources facilitate the discovery and processing of the EPUB Publication, while others make up the content of the source publication. The latter, EPUB
28、Content Documents, are described in Content Documents and are fully defined in ContentDocs30. A Publications resources are typically bundled for distribution as a ZIP-based archive with the file extension .epub . As conformant ZIP archives, Publications can be unzipped by many software programs, sim
29、plifying both their production and consumption. The container format is introduced in Container and defined in OCF3. The container format not only provides a means of determining that the zipped content represents an EPUB Publication (the mimetype file), but also provides a universally-named directo
30、ry of informative resources (/META-INF ). Key among these is the container.xml file, which directs Reading Systems to the root file of the Publication, the Package Document. The Package Document is itself a kind of information warehouse for the Publication, storing metadata about the specific work c
31、ontained in the Publication, providing an exhaustive list of resources and defining a default reading order. The Package Document is introduced in Package Document and defined in Publications30. The preceding components of an EPUB Publication are not new to EPUB 3, and will be familiar to anyone who
32、 has worked with Publications before, although they have been changed and enhanced in this version. A new core addition to EPUB 3, however, is the Media Overlay Document, which defines a means of synchronizing text and audio playback. The Overlay Document is introduced in Multimedia and defined in M
33、ediaOverlays30. The following example shows the resources a minimal “Hello World“ Publication might contain: m i m e t y p e M E T A - I N F / c o n t a i n e r . x m l C o n t e n t / H e l l o W o r l d . o p f C o n t e n t / H e l l o W o r l d . x h t m l While conceptually simple, an EPUB Publ
34、ication is more than just a collection of HTML pages and dependent assets in a ZIP package as represented in this example. The following sections of this document delve into more detail about the primary features and functionality that Publications provide to enhance the reading experience. 2 Featur
35、es This section covers the major features of EPUB, including important components and topics that apply to the process of authoring EPUB Publications as a whole. 2.1 Package Document Every EPUB Publication includes a single Package Document, which specifies all the Publications constituent content d
36、ocuments and their required resources, defines a reading order for linear consumption, and associates Publication-level metadata and navigation information. The Package Document represents a significant improvement on a typical Web site. A Web site, for example, embeds references to its resources wi
37、thin its content, which, while a simple and flexible means of identifying resources, makes it difficult to enumerate all the resources required to render it. In addition, there is no standard way for a Web site to define that a sequence of pages make up a larger publication, which is precisely what
38、EPUBs spine element does (i.e., it provides an external declarative means to explicitly specify navigation through a collection of documents). Finally, the Package Document defines a standard way to represent metadata globally applicable to a collection of pages. The Package Document and other Publi
39、cation-level constructs are specified in Publications30. 2.2 Navigation 2.2.1 Reading O rder A key concept of EPUB is that a Publication consists of multiple resources that may be completely navigated and consumed by a person or program in some specific order. Many publications have an obvious readi
40、ng order, or logical progression through their content. A novel is an example of a highly sequential document it typically has a beginning, middle and end but not all publications are so ordered: a cookbook or collection of photographic images might be considered to be more like a database. All docu
41、ments do, however, have at least one logical ordering of all their top-level content items, whether by date, topic, location or some other criteria (e.g., a cookbook is typically ordered by type of recipe). Every EPUB Publication defines at least one such logical ordering of all its top-level conten
42、t (the spine Publications30), as well as a declarative table of contents (the EPUB Navigation Document ContentDocs30). Publications make these data structures available in a machine-readable way external to the content, simplifying their discovery and use. EPUB Publications are not limited to the li
43、near ordering of their contents, nor do they preclude linking in arbitrary ways just like the Web, EPUB Publications are built on hypertext but the basic consumption and navigation can be reliably accomplished in a way that is not true for a set of HTML pages. 2.2.2 Navigation Document Every EPUB Pu
44、blication contains a special XHTML Content Document called the EPUB Navigation Document, which uses the HTML5 nav element to define human- and machine-readable navigation information. The Navigation Document supersedes the NCX document OPS2, and the inclusion of NCX documents is only recommended for
45、 forward compatibility in older Reading Systems. The Navigation Document, while maintaining the baseline accessibility and navigation support and features of the NCX, introduces new functionality and rendering features to enhance navigation for all Users. Prime among these are better support for int
46、ernationalization (as an XHTML5 document itself, the Navigation Document natively supports ruby annotations) and support for embedded grammars (MathML and SVG can be included within navigation links). As XHTML Content Documents, Navigation Documents also provide a flexible means of tailoring the nav
47、igation display using CSS and the hidden attribute ContentDocs30 while not impacting access to information for accessible Reading Systems. The structure and semantics of Navigation Documents are defined in EPUB Navigation Documents ContentDocs30. 2.3 Linking The new EPUB Canonical Fragment Identifie
48、r (epubcfi) Specification EPUBCFI defines a standardized method for linking into a Publication. Required support for this scheme in Reading Systems means that EPUB now has an interoperable linking mechanism, one that can, for example, facilitate the sharing of bookmarks and reading locations across
49、devices. 2.4 Metadata EPUB Publications provide a rich array of options for adding Publication metadata. The Package Document includes a dedicated metadata section Publications30 for general information about the Publication, allowing titles, authors, identifiers and other information about the Publication to be easily accessed. It also provides the means to attach complete bibliographic records to a Publication using the link element Publications30. The Package Document
