1、PMP 资格认证考试-项目质量管理(一)及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：50，分数：50.00)1.Checklists are completed in which process? A) Risk identification. B) Quality assurance. C) Quality planning. D) Quality control.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.An early version of one of W. Edward Demings 14 points encouraged companies to “
2、cease dependence on mass inspection by building quality into the product in the first place”. Deming stated that, typically, products are inspected as they come off the line or at major stages. Defective products are either thrown out or reworked. Both options are expensive. This approach, in effect
3、, meant that companies would pay workers to make defects and then correct them. Denting later recognized the value of inspections and revised the point to say that people should “understand the purpose of inspection. ” He said, “Inspections must be carried out in a professional way, not by lick-spit
4、 methods. ” This supports the PMBOK, which indicates that inspections can be used to determine whether results conform to requirements. Inspections also may be called _ . A) control tests B) walk-through C) statistical sampling D) checklists（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Investment in product quality improvemen
5、t, especially defect prevention and appraisal, can often be borne by _ . A) the organization B) the project management team C) executive management D) the project（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.A project team is in the design stage of a new mountain bike prototype. The team is in the process of identifying which
6、 type of frame and material will provide high performance at a low cost. Which of the following is the MOST likely technique used to determine these variables? A) Benefit/cost analysis. B) Ishikawa diagram. C) Design of experiments. D) System flow chart.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.A team member notices the p
7、roject manager that a quality measurement for the project can not be met. What should the project manager do? A) Notify management. B) Hold a team meeting. C) Look for alternative ways to meet the quality level. D) Ask management tp come up with options.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.In your project, you are in
8、 the process of determining whether the activities being done as part of your project comply with organizational and project policies. This will be done as part of _ . A) inspection B) quality audit C) quality improvement D) trend analysis（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.An outputs from the quality planning proce
9、ss is _ . A) quality improvements B) quality management plan C) acceptance decisions D) rework（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Quality costs include all of the following EXCEPT _ . A) appraisal B) prevention C) external failure D) computer operations（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Quality _ is the application of planned, syst
10、ematic quality activities to ensure that the project will employ all processes needed to meet requirements. A) planning B) assurance C) improvement D) benchmarking（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Since your quality process was not up to the four sigma requirements desired by your customer, some of your products
11、were rejected, and there is a potential that you would not get repeat business from the same customer. From a quality perspective. the costs associated with your products being rejected can also be categorized as _ . A) cost of conformance B) customer retention costs C) failure costs D) performance
12、cost（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Identifying which quality standards are relevant to the project and determining how to satisfy them should be addressed during _ . A) the conceptual phase B) the planning process C) project implementation D) risk identification（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.You are the project manager f
13、or a manufacturing company involved with making components for Internal Combustion Engines required for the automobile industry. In the past couple of days, there have been too many defects, and you would like to find out whether unusual events are occurring in your manufacturing process whose cause
14、s must be identified and corrected. For this purpose, you should use _ . A) inspection B) Pareto charts C) statistical sampling D) control charts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.All of the following represent, or result from, the primary benefit of meeting quality requirements EXCEPT _ . A) less rework B) higher
15、 productivity C) lower costs D) fewer change orders（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The primary purpose of benchmarking is to _ . A) perform marketing research to forecast how well a particular product will sell B) measure products, services, and processes against those of other organizations C) understand and c
16、ollect data on customer requirements to focus attention on meeting customer needs D) determine performance targets（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.You are trying to determine what cost and schedule trade-off will be most appropriate for your project. You have the option to select either a more experienced person
17、 at $120 per hour who can do the task in 45 days or a less experienced person at $80 per hour who can do the same task in 65 days. A tool you can use to facilitate making the decision is _ . A) cost of quality B) cause-and-effect diagram C) design of experiments D) network diagrams（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.1
18、6.The primary driver behind the demand for continual quality improvement is _ . A) an increase in the number of the projects being worked B) widespread public interest in government cost improvement reports C) the prevalence of media reports on quality circles and other quality improvement D) the ne
19、ed to reduce the cost and ensure the performance of products（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.According to the 80/20 rule, 80 percent of the problems are because of 20 percent of the causes. To facilitate finding out which are the most probable defects, and to evaluate nonconformities, you do a rank ordering of t
20、he defects using _ . A) statistical sampling B) control chart C) Pareto diagrams D) inspection（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.Which of the following is not considered a cost of nonconformance to quality? A) Scrap. B) Rework. C) Expediting. D) Process control.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.Understanding, evaluating, defini
21、ng, and managing expectations are essential to satisfying _ . A) customer requirements B) the scope statement C) upper management D) functional requirements（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.A fundamental tenet of modern quality management holds that quality is most likely to be achieved by _ . A) planning it into
22、 the project B) developing careful mechanisms to inspect for quality C) striving to do the best job possible D) conducting quality circle activities（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.Learning curve theory emphasizes that in producing many goods, _ . A) cost decreases as production rates increase B) average unit co
23、st decreases as more units are produced C) materials become cheaper when they are purchased in bulk D) laborers become more productive because of technological advances（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.The required testing for a specific task has been completed and passed. The customer is not confident of the tes
24、t and requests an additional modified test, this situation indicates inadequate _ . A) control procedures B) audit review C) assurance funding D) quality plan development（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.Quality control involves monitoring specific project results to determine if they comply with relevant quality
25、 standards. To evaluate quality control outputs, the project team should definitely have a working knowledge of _ . A) prevention and inspection B) sampling and probability C) special causes and random causes D) tolerances and control limits（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.After project control, organizational p
26、rocess assets are updated. Wherever checklists are used, the completed checklists should become part of the _ . A) projects records B) project files C) project quality management plan D) lessons learned documentation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.One of the fundamental tenets of modern quality management is: A
27、) Quality is planned and inspected in. B) Quality does not cost. C) Quality is planned, designed, and built in-not inspected in. D) Quality requires constant inspection.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.A _ is a specific type of histogram, ordered by frequency of occurrence, which shows how many defects were gene
28、rated by type or category of identified cause. A) Pareto chart B) bar chart C) network diagram D) critical path（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.Your company deals with manufacturing bearings for the automobile industry. You already have historical information about the errors and defects that have been identifie
29、d and you would like to use this information to determine future performance. An appropriate tool which you can use is _ . A) scatter diagram B) statistical sampling C) control chart D) trend analysis（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.You are a project manager for residential construction. As a project manager, yo
30、u must be especially concerned with building codes particularly in the quality planning process. You must ensure that building codes are reflected in your project plans because _ . A) standards and regulations are an input to quality planning B) quality audits serve to ensure there is compliance wit
31、h regulations C) they are a cost associated with quality initiatives D) compliance with standards is the primary objective of quality control（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.A project manager needs to assess qualify on the project. To do so, he wants to measure the height of each table produced. However, that wo
32、uld be too expensive. In this case, it would be BEST to use _ . A) benchmarking B) a sample C) a control chart D) a Pareto diagram（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.Primary responsibility for establishing design and test specifications rests with _ . A) senior management B) procurement C) engineering D) quality co
33、ntrol（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.31.The project team has added some additional functionality which was not required as part of the project. However the customer is satisfied with the project. From a quality perspective, _ . A) this is high quality because it exceeded customer expectations B) this is not accept
34、able quality because gold plating was done which is not advisable C) this will mean repeat business from the same customer D) none of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.32.When it appears that a design error will interfere with meeting technical performance objectives, the PREFERRED response is to _ . A) dec
35、rease the performance value to equal the assessed value B) develop alternative solutions to the problem C) increase the specified value to set a new performance goal D) reduce the overall technical complexity of the project（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.33.The quality management plan provides input to _ and must
36、address quality control(QC) , quality assurance(Q A) , and continuous process improvement for the project.A) the overall project management plan B) the WBS C) the project scope D) external stakeholders（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.34.During project execution, a new ISO version of standard 9000 is issued. The pro
37、ject team meets with the quality department to determine how the standard will apply to the project. Which part of the quality process is this? A) Quality analysis. B) Quality assurance. C) Quality control. D) Quality planning.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.35.“Design of experiments” is a statistical method that
38、helps _ . A) determine how various elements of a system interrelate B) identify which factors may influence specific variables of a product or process C) establish a standard by which to measure performance D) compare actual or planned project practices to those of other projects（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.36.
39、Which of the following methods is used to provide a standard to measure performance? A) Benchmarking. B) Sampling. C) Estimating. D) Leveling.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.37.Quality assurance(Q A) _ .A) is the application of planned, systematic quality activities to ensure effective policing of the conformance
40、of the project team to approved specifications B) is primarily concerned with providing the project team and stakeholders with standards, by which the project performance is measured C) is the application of planned, systematic quality activities to ensure that the project will employ all processes
41、needed to meet requirements D) generally reduces the probability of project completion on schedule（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.38.A control chart has all of the following characteristics EXCEPT: A) It illustrates how a process behaves over time. B) It is used to determine whether or not a process is stable or h
42、as predictable performance. C) It illustrates how various factors might be linked to potential problems or effects. D) It can be used to monitor any type of output variable.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.39.Determining and delivering the required levels of quality is the responsibility of_. A) project sponsor B)
43、project manager/project management team C) project team D) all stakeholders in the project（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.40.The use of quality management processes and activities aims to provide a higher degree of _ . A) needs satisfaction B) process capability C) product improvement D) project team performance（分
44、数：1.00）A.B.C.D.41.Inputs to quality control include all of the following EXCEPT _ . A) work performance information B) quality management plan C) quality checklists D) PERT chart（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.42.All of the following are true quality statements except: A) Quality improvement depends upon better de
45、finition and increased awareness of the requirements/specifications. B) Project quality management must address both management of the project and the product of the project. C) Recognition of key actions required of each team member is necessary to meet quality objectives. D) Computer aided design
46、systems can improve quality, but only at the expense of an increase in the cost of design.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.43.As part of the quality audit, the scope statement is checked against the work results to ensure the conformance to the customer requirements. The results should be documented and used for _
47、. A) estimating future projects B) changing the project scope C) defining future project tasks D) validating the quality process（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.44.A metric is an operational definition that describes, in very specific terms, what something is and how the quality control process measures it. A measu
48、rement is an actual value. For example, it is not enough to say that meeting the planned schedule dates is a measure of management quality. The project management team must also indicate whether every activity must start on time or only finish on time and whether individual activities will be measured or only certain deliverables and if so, which ones. Some examples of quality metrics include defect density, failure rate, availability, reliability and test coverage. In this context, quality metrics should be used during _ (select the best answer
