1、MBA 联考英语-40 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)A major reason for conflict in the animal world is territory. The male animal (1) an area. The size of the area is sufficient to provide food for him， his (2) and their offspring. Migrating birds, for example, (3) up the best
2、 territory in the order of “first come, first (4) .“ The late arrivals may acquire (5) territories, but less food is available, or they are too close to the (6) of the enemies of the species. (7) there is really insufficient food or the danger is very great, the animal will not (8) . In this way, th
3、e members of the species which are less fit will not have offspring.When there is conflict (9) territory, animals will commonly use force, or a (10) of force, to decide which will stay and which will go. It is interesting to note, however, that animals seem to use (11) the minimum amount of force (1
4、2) to drive away the intruder. There is usually no killing. In the (13) of those animals which are capable of doing each other great harm, (14) is a system for the losing animal to show the winning animals that he (15) to submit. When he shows this, the (16) normally stops fighting. Animals (especia
5、lly birds), which can easily escape from conflict, seem to have (17) obstacle against killing, and equally no mechanism (18) submission. The losing bird simply flies away. However, if two doves are. (19) in a cage, and they start fighting, they will continue to fight until one kills the other. We al
6、l think of the dove as a symbol of peace and, in its natural habitat, it is peaceful. But the “peace“ mechanism does not (20) in a cage.（分数：10.00）(1).A. establishes B. builds C. founds D. erects（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. wife B. mate C. friend D. neighbor（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. split B. break C. cut D.
7、 divide（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. use B. serve C. served D. used（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. larger B. better C. smaller D. worse（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. caves B. nests C. residences D. habitats（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. But B. If C. Since D. Because（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. breed B. produce C. mate D. compete（分数
8、：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. for B. over C. with D. by（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. practice B. proof C. show D. comparison（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. only B. mostly C. mainly D. chiefly（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. compulsory B. essential C. necessary D. vital（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. way B. case C. event D. manner（分数：0
9、.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. this B. that C. it D. there（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. wishes B. considers C. thinks D. decides（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. killer B. loser C. victor D. successor（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. any B. some C. every D. no（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. in B. for C. with D. by（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. p
10、laced B. perched C. deposited D. stationed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. appear B. continue C. apply D. function（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：4，分数：40.00)Passage OneBecause agriculture is so important to a nations well-being, governments have always been concerned with it
11、. For example, the United States and Canada have long produced surpluses that complicate their economies. Surpluses tend to lower prices to farmers and seriously endanger the agriculture industry. Governments have instituted systems of price supports to maintain a fair price when surpluses cause pri
12、ces to drop. The system in the United States is a good example. A government program supports the prices paid to farmers for grains, and other agricultural products.Support prices are based on parity, which is the ratio between the prices farmers receive for their crops and the prices they must pay
13、for things they need. The government selected the period from 1910 to 1914 as a time when farm prices were in a fair ratio with farming costs. This is the base period now used to determine parity prices.The idea is to assure farmers that what they get for a bushel of wheat will buy the same amount o
14、f, say, seed as it did in the years of the base period; if prices drop too far below this ideal the government can help in a number of ways. For example, it may buy much of a surplus at parity prices. Governments have instituted a wide variety of other controls for prices and, also, for farm output,
15、 mainly at the request of the farmers themselves. Farm prices tend to fluctuate more than other prices do, and the incomes of farmers fluctuate along with farm prices.Various measures for maintaining farm prices and incomes include tariff or import levies, import quotas, export subsidies, direct pay
16、ment to farmers, and limitations on production. All of these measures are useful and are used to some extent by most developed countries. An important example of such a program is the soil-bank plan, which aimed at limiting production while improving farmland.The European Economic Community (EEC) es
17、tablished a common agricultural policy (CAP) for its member nations, called the Common Market countries. The aim is to create free trade for individual commodities within the community. When production of a commodity exceeds EEC consumption, the EEC may buy the excess for storage, pay to have it rep
18、rocessed, or export it to countries outside the Common Market. In this way the EEC can maintain its members farm prices at levels equal to or even higher than those in such market-competitive nations as the United States and Canada.（分数：10.00）(1).By saying that a countrys agricultural surpluses often
19、 “complicate“ its economy, the author means _.A. they throw the country into great disorderB. they entail more expenditure on the part of the governmentC. they usually involve direct governmental support priceD. the government has to set up special pricing systems（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to th
20、e passage, the parity system is used to _. A. encourage farmers to produce more grains in the futureB. lower the cost of producing agricultural productC. determine the prices below which grains will not be soldD. ensure that the farmers interest is properly protected（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The governme
21、nts impose many kinds of control for farm prices and output because _.A. farm crops are their main sources of exportB. the prices of different farm crops vary greatlyC. they are fully aware of the importance of themD. farm prices and output are very unstable（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).It can be inferred th
22、at the common agricultural policy aims to _. A. avoid competition among its member nationsB. limit production and improve farmlandC. ensure a balance between production and consumptionD. encourage free competition among its member nations（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Why do governments show special concern f
23、or agriculture?A. Because farm prices go up and down constantly.B. Because farmers usually earn less than other income groups.C. Because there is not much arable farmland left.D. Because farmers are confronted with fiercer competition.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Passage TwoMigration is usually defined as “perm
24、anent or semi-permanent change of residence“. However, our concern is with movement between nations, not with internal migration within nations, although such movements often exceed international movements in volume. Today, the motives of people who move short distances are very similar to those of
25、international migrants.Students of human migration speak of “push“ and “pull“ factors, which influence an individuals decision to move from one place to another. Push factors are associated with the place of origin. A push factor can be as simple and mild a matter as difficulty in finding a suitable
26、 job, or as traumatic as war, or severe famine. Obviously, refugees who leave their homes with guns pointed at their heads are motivated almost entirely by push factors (although pull factors do influence their choice of destination).Pull factors are those associated with the place of destination. M
27、ost often these are economic, such as better job opportunities or the availability of good land to farm. In general, pull factors add up to an apparently better chance for a good life and material well-being than is offered by the place of origin. When there is a choice between several attractive po
28、tential destinations, the deciding factor might be a non-economic consideration such as the presence of relatives, friends, or at least fellow countrymen already established in the new place who are willing to help the newcomers settle in.Besides push and pull factors, there are what the sociologist
29、s call “intervening obstacles“. Even if push and (or) pull factors are very strong they still may be outweighed by intervening obstacles, such as the distance of the move, the trouble and cost of moving, the difficulty of entering the new country, and the problems likely to be encountered on arrival
30、. The decision to move is also influenced by “personal factors“ of the potential migrant. The prospect of packing up everything and moving to a new and perhaps very strange environment may appear interesting and challenging to an unmarried young man and appallingly difficult to a slightly older man
31、with a wife and small kids. Similarly, the need to learn a new language and customs may excite one person and frighten another. Regardless of why people move, migration of large numbers of people causes conflict. The United States and other western countries have experienced adjustment problems with
32、 each new wave of immigrants. It has usually taken several decades for each group to be accepted into the mainstream of society in the host country.（分数：10.00）(1).The author thinks that pull factors _. A. are all related to economic considerationsB. are not as decisive as push factorsC. include a var
33、iety of considerationsD. are more important than push factors（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).People moving within country borders are often motivated by the desire to _. A. follow suitB. live close to relativesC. integrate themselves into the mainstream societyD. escape persecution（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It is im
34、plied in the last paragraph that _. A. push and pull factors are complicated by many other considerations in migrationB. push and pull factors are less important than personal factors of the migrantsC. push factors affect the older people with families more than unmarried young peopleD. pull factors
35、 bring about fewer adjustment problems in the new settlements（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Peoples decisions to migrate might be influenced by all the following EXCEPT _. A. personalities B. educationC. marital status D. abilities（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The purpose of the passage is to discuss _. A. the problem
36、s of international migrantsB. the motives of international migrantsC. migration inside the countryD. the adjustment problems experienced by immigrants（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Passage ThreeHow can a company improve its sales? One of the keys to more effective selling is for a company to first decide on its “
37、sales strategy“. In other words, what is the role of the sales person? Is the salespersons job narrative, suggestive, or consultative?The “narrative“ sales strategy depends on the salesperson moving quickly into a standard sales presentation. His or her pitch highlights the benefits for the customer
38、 of a particular product or service. This approach is most effective for customers whose buying motives are basically the same and is also well suited to companies who have a large number of prospects (可能的主顾) on which to call.The “suggestive“ approach is tailored more for the individual customer. Th
39、e salesperson must be in a position to offer alternative recommendations that meet a particular customers needs. One key aspect of the suggestive approach is the need for the salesperson to engage the buyer in some sort of discussion. The salesperson can then use the information gleaned from the cus
40、tomer to suggest an appropriate product or service.“We tell our salespeople to be like wine stewards,“ says Mindy Sahlawannee, a corporate sales trainer. “The wine steward first checks to see what food the custoiner has ordered and then opens by suggesting the wine that best complements the dish. Mo
41、st companies who use a narrative strategy should be using a suggestive strategy. Just like you cant drink red wine with every dish, you cant have one sales recommendation to suit all customers.“The final strategy demands that a companys sales staff act as “consultants“ for the buyer. In this role, t
42、he salesperson must acquire a great deal of information about the customer. They do this through market research, surveys, and face-to-face discussions. Using this information, the salesperson makes a detailed presentation tailored specifically to a customers needs.“Good sales consultants,“ says Ala
43、n Goldfarb, president of Ad Pro, Inc., “are the people who use a wide range of skills including probing, listening, analysis, and persuasiveness. The best sales consultants, however, are the ones who can think outside the box and use their creativity to present a product and close the sale. The othe
44、r skills you can teach. Creativity is innate. Its something we look for in every employee we hire.“More and more sales teams are switching from a narrative or suggestive approach to a more consultative strategy. As a result, corporations are looking more at intangibles such as creativity and analyti
45、cal skills and less at educational background and technical skills.“The next century will be about meeting individual customer needs,“ says Goldfarb. “The days when one size fits all are over./（分数：10.00）(1).The major difference between narrative sales and suggestive sales is that _. A. the former hi
46、ghlights the benefits while the latter emphasize the function of the productB. the former uses more prepared information, the latter has to get ready for unexpected informationC. the former involves no discussion while the latter involves discussion a lotD. the former is effective in creating demand
47、, the latter is effective in satisfying existing demand（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Mindy compares salespeople to wine stewards in that _. A. both of them have to sell products to their customersB. both of them use their eloquent tongue to make a livingC. both of them need to suit their services to the cust
48、omers needsD. both of the have to make recommendations all the time（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The biggest challenge for a consultative salesperson is _. A. face-to-face discussion B. tailor-made presentationC. appropriate pitch of voice D. large amount of research（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to Alan, cr
49、eativity in salespeople _. A. is something that can not be trained or taughtB. is something that can be gained through years of experienceC. is the ability to “think outside the box“D. is the ability to persuade customers effectively and efficiently（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. The Power of Persuasion.B. New Trends in the Sales Industry.C. Suit Your Tactics to the Customers.D. The Importance of Creativity in Sales.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Passage FourNow medical re
