1、2018 年 06 月大学英语六级考试模拟题 1 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between employers and employees. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least
2、150 words but no more than 200 words. （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：2，分数：56.80)（分数：28.40）A.She is the owner of a special caf.B.She sells a special kind of coffee.C.She advocates animal protection.D.She is going to start a caf chain.A.They help take care of customers“
3、 pets.B.They are a profitable business sector.C.They cater to different customers.D.They bear a lot of similarities.A.By selecting breeds that are tame and peaceful.B.By giving them regular cleaning and injections.C.By placing them at a safe distance from customers.D.By briefing customers on how to
4、get along with them.A.They give her caf favorite reviews.B.They like to bring in their children.C.They love the animals in her caf.D.They want to learn about rabbits.（分数：28.40）A.It can cause obesity.B.It is mostly garbage.C.It contains too many additives.D.It lacks the essential vitamins.A.TV commer
5、cials.B.Its fancy design.C.Its taste and texture.D.Peer influence.A.Offering children more varieties to choose from.B.Trying to trick children into buying their products.C.Marketing their products with ordinary ingredients.D.Investing heavily in the production of sweet foods.A.They favored chocolate
6、-coated sweets.B.They like the food advertised on TV.C.They hardly ate vegetables.D.They seldom had junk food.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：49.70)（分数：21.30）A.Tombs of ancient rulers.B.Typical Egyptian animal farms.C.Ruins left by devastating floods.D.Stretches of farmland.A.It provides habitats for more prim
7、itive tribes.B.It is hardly associated with great civilizations.C.It gathers water from many tropical rain forests.D.It has not yet been fully explored and exploited.A.It has numerous human settlements along its banks.B.It is as long as the Nile and the Yangtze combined.C.It is second only to the Mi
8、ssissippi River in width.D.It carries about one fifth of the world“s fresh water.（分数：28.40）A.All of us actually yearn for a slow and calm life.B.The search for tranquility has become a trend.C.We are always in a rush to do various things.D.Living a life in the fast lane leads to success.A.She enjoye
9、d the various social events.B.She was accustomed to tight schedules.C.She had trouble balancing family and work.D.She spent all her leisure time writing books.A.The fatigue from living a fast-paced life.B.Becoming aware of her declining health.C.Reading a book about slowing down.D.The possibility of
10、 ruining her family.A.She came to enjoy doing everyday tasks.B.She started to follow the cultural norms.C.She learned to use more polite expressions.D.She stopped using to-do lists and calendars.五、Section C(总题数：3，分数：142.00)（分数：42.60）A.They will root out native species altogether.B.They will crossbre
11、ed with native species.C.They pose a threat to the local ecosystem.D.They contribute to a region“s biodiversity.A.Their distinctions are artificial.B.Their definitions are changeable.C.Their interactions are hard to define.D.Their classifications are meaningful.A.Only 10 percent of them can be natur
12、alized.B.Few of them can survive in their new habitats.C.They may turn out to benefit the local environment.D.Only a few of them cause problems to native species.（分数：42.60）A.Adopt the right business strategies.B.Attend their business seminars.C.Respect their traditional culture.D.Research their spec
13、ific demands.A.Clicking your fingers loudly in their presence.B.Drinking alcohol on certain days of a month.C.Giving them gifts of great value.D.Showing them your palm.A.They have a break from 2:00 to 5:30 p.m.B.They have a strong sense of worth.C.They tend to be friendly and enthusiastic.D.They are
14、 very easy to satisfy.（分数：56.80）A.He had the company“s boardroom extensively renovated.B.He completely changed the company“s culture.C.He took over the sales department ofReader“s Digest.D.He collected paintings by world-famous artists.A.Its articles should entertain blue- and pink-collar workers.B.
15、It should be published in the world“s leading languages.C.It should be sold at a reasonable price.D.Its articles should be short and inspiring.A.He served as a church minister for many years.B.He knew how to make the magazine profitable.C.He treated the employees like members of his family.D.He suff
16、ered many setbacks and misfortunes in his life.A.It carried many more advertisements.B.Its subscriptions increased considerably.C.George Grune joined it as an ad salesman.D.Several hundred of its employees got fired.六、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Did Sarah Josepha Hale
17、 write “Mary“s Little Lamb,“ the eternal nursery rhyme (儿歌) about a girl named Mary with a stubborn lamb? This is still disputed, but it“s clear that the woman 1 for writing it was one of America“s most fascinating 2 . In honor of the poem“s publication on May 24, 1830, here“s more about the 3 autho
18、r“s life. Hale wasn“t just a writer, she was also a 4 social advocate, and she was particularly 5 with an ideal New England, which she associated with abundant Thanksgiving meals that she claimed had “a deep moral influence.“ She began a nationwide 6 to have a national holiday declared that would br
19、ing families together while celebrating the 7 festivals. In 1863, after 17 years of advocacy including letters to five presidents, Hale got it. President Abraham Lincoln, during the Civil War, issued a 8 setting aside the last Thursday in November for the holiday. The true authorship of “Mary“s Litt
20、le Lamb“ is disputed. According to the New England Historical Society, Hale wrote only part of the poem, but claimed authorship. Regardless of the author, it seems that the poem was 9 by a real event. When young Mary Sawyer was followed to school by a lamb in 1816, it caused some problems. A bystand
21、er named John Roulstone wrote a poem about the event, then, at some point, Hale herself seems to have helped write it. However, if a 1916 piece by her great-niece is to be trusted, Hale claimed for the 10 of her life that “some other people pretended that someone else wrote the poem“. A. campaign B.
22、 career C. characters D. features E. fierce F. inspired G. latter H. obsessed I. proclamation J. rectified K. reputed L. rest M. supposed N. traditional O. versatile（分数：35.50）八、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Grow Plants Without WaterA. Ever since humanity began to farm our own food, we“ve faced the unpred
23、ictable rain that is both friend and enemy. It comes and goes without much warning, and a field of lush (茂盛的) leafy greens one year can dry up and blow away the next. Food security and fortunes depend on sufficient rain, and nowhere more so than in Africa, where 96% of farmland depends on rain inste
24、ad of the irrigation common in more developed places. It has consequences: South Africa“s ongoing droughtthe worst in three decadeswill cost at least a quarter of its corn crop this year. B. Biologist Jill Farrant of the University of Cape Town in South Africa says that nature has plenty of answers
25、for people who want to grow crops in places with unpredictable rainfall. She is hard at work finding a way to take traits from rare wild plants that adapt to extreme dry weather and use them in food crops. As the earth“s climate changes and rainfall becomes even less predictable in some places, thos
26、e answers will grow even more valuable. “The type of farming I“m aiming for is literally so that people can survive as it“s going to get more and more dry,“ Farrant says. C. Extreme conditions produce extremely tough plants. In the rusty red deserts of South Africa, steep-sided rocky hills called in
27、selbergs rear up from the plains like the bones of the earth. The hills are remnants of an earlier geological era, scraped bare of most soil and exposed to the elements. Yet on these and similar formations in deserts around the world, a few fierce plants have adapted to endure under ever-changing co
28、nditions. D. Farrant calls them resurrection plants (复苏植物). During months without water under a harsh sun, they wither, shrink and contract until they look like a pile of dead gray leaves. But rainfall can revive them in a matter of hours. Her time-lapse (间歇性拍摄的) videos of the revivals look like som
29、eone playing a tape of the plant“s death in reverse. E. The big difference between “drought-tolerant“ plants and these tough plants: metabolism. Many different kinds of plants have developed tactics to weather dry spells. Some plants store reserves of water to see them through a drought; others send
30、 roots deep down to subsurface water supplies. But once these plants use up their stored reserve or tap out the underground supply, they cease growing and start to die. They may be able to handle a drought of some length, and many people use the term “drought tolerant“ to describe such plants, but t
31、hey never actually stop needing to consume water, so Farrant prefers to call them drought resistant. F. Resurrection plants, defined as those capable of recovering from holding less than 0.1 grams of water per gram of dry mass, are different. They lack water-storing structures, and their existence o
32、n rock faces prevents them from tapping groundwater, so they have instead developed the ability to change their metabolism. When they detect an extended dry period, they divert their metabolisms, producing sugars and certain stress-associated proteins and other materials in their tissues. As the pla
33、nt dries, these resources take on first the properties of honey, then rubber, and finally enter a glass-like state that is “the most stable state that the plant can maintain,“ Farrant says. That slows the plant“s metabolism and protects its dried-out tissues. The plants also change shape, shrinking
34、to minimize the surface area through which their remaining water might evaporate. They can recover from months and years without water, depending on the species. G. What else can do this dry-out-and-revive trick? Seedsalmost all of them. At the start of her career, Farrant studied “ recalcitrant see
35、ds (顽拗性种子),“ such as avocados, coffee and lychee. While tasty, such seeds are delicatethey cannot bud and grow if they dry out (as you may know if you“ve ever tried to grow a tree from an avocado pit). In the seed world, that makes them rare, because most seeds from flowering plants are quite robust
36、. Most seeds can wait out the dry, unwelcoming seasons until conditions are right and they sprout (发芽). Yet once they start growing, such plants seem not to retain the ability to hit the pause button on metabolism in their stems or leaves. H. After completing her Ph.D. on seeds, Farrant began invest
37、igating whether it might be possible to isolate the properties that make most seeds so resilient (迅速恢复活力的) and transfer them to other plant tissues. What Farrant and others have found over the past two decades is that there are many genes involved in resurrection plants“ response to dryness. Many of
38、 them are the same that regulate how seeds become dryness-tolerant while still attached to their parent plants. Now they are trying to figure out what molecular signaling processes activate those seed-building genes in resurrection plantsand how to reproduce them in crops. “Most genes are regulated
39、by a master set of genes,“ Farrant says. “We“re looking at gene promoters and what would be their master switch.“ I. Once Farrant and her colleagues feel they have a better sense of which switches to throw, they will have to find the best way to do so in useful crops. “I“m trying three methods of br
40、eeding,“ Farrant says: conventional, genetic modification and gene editing. She says she is aware that plenty of people do not want to eat genetically modified crops, but she is pushing ahead with every available tool until one works. Farmers and consumers alike can choose whether or not to use whic
41、hever version prevails: “I“m giving people an option.“ J. Farrant and others in the resurrection business got together last year to discuss the best species of resurrection plant to use as a lab model. Just like medical researchers use rats to test ideas for human medical treatments, botanists use p
42、lants that are relatively easy to grow in a lab or greenhouse setting to test their ideas for related species. The Queensland rock violet is one of the best studied resurrection plants so far, with a draft genome (基因图谱) published last year by a Chinese team. Also last year, Farrant and colleagues pu
43、blished a detailed molecular study of another candidate, Xerophyta viscosa, a tough-as-nail South African plant with lily-like flowers, and she says that a genome is on the way. One or both of these models will help researchers test their ideasso far mostly done in the labon test plots. K. Understan
44、ding the basic science first is key. There are good reasons why crop plants do not use dryness defenses already. For instance, there“s a high energy cost in switching from a regular metabolism to an almost-no-water metabolism. It will also be necessary to understand what sort of yield farmers might
45、expect and to establish the plant“s safety. “The yield is never going to be high,“ Farrant says, so these plants will be targeted not at Iowa farmers trying to squeeze more cash out of high-yield fields, but subsistence farmers who need help to survive a drought like the present one in South Africa.
46、 “My vision is for the subsistence farmer,“ Farrant says. “I“m targeting crops that are of African value.“（分数：71.00）(1).There are a couple of plants tough and adaptable enough to survive on bare rocky hills and in deserts.（分数：7.10）(2).Farrant is trying to isolate genes in resurrection plants and rep
47、roduce them in crops.（分数：7.10）(3).Farmers in South Africa are more at the mercy of nature, especially inconsistent rainfall.（分数：7.10）(4).Resurrection crops are most likely to be the choice of subsistence farmers.（分数：7.10）(5).Even though many plants have developed various tactics to cope with dry wea
48、ther, they cannot survive a prolonged drought.（分数：7.10）(6).Despite consumer resistance, researchers are pushing ahead with genetic modification of crops.（分数：7.10）(7).Most seeds can pull through dry spells and begin growing when conditions are ripe, but once this process starts, it cannot be held bac
49、k.（分数：7.10）(8).Farrant is working hard to cultivate food crops that can survive extreme dryness by studying the traits of rare wild plants.（分数：7.10）(9).By adjusting their metabolism, resurrection plants can recover from an extended period of drought.（分数：7.10）(10).Resurrection plants can come back to life in a short time after a rainfall.（分数：7.10）九、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Human memory is notoriously unreliable. Even people with the sharpest facial-recognition sk
