1、成人本科英语-128 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Industrial psychology is the application of various psychological techniques to the se-lection and training of industrial workers and to the promotion of efficient working condi-tions and techniques,
2、as well as individual job satisfaction.The selection of workers for particular jobs is essentially a problem of discovering the special aptitudes and techniques, and personality characteristics needed for the job and of devising tests to determine whether candidates have such aptitudes and character
3、istics. The development of tests of this kind has long been a field of psychological research. Once the worker is on the job and has been trained, the fundamental aim of the industrial psycholo-gist is to find ways in which a particular job can best be accomplished with a minimum of effort and a max
4、imum of individual satisfaction. The psychologists function, therefore, differs from that of the so-called efficiency expert, who places primary emphasis on in-creased production. (76) Psychological techniques used to lessen the effort involved in a given job include a detailed study of the motion r
5、equired to do the job, the equipment used, and the conditions under which the job is performed. After making such a study, the in-dustrial psychologist often determines that the job in question may be accomplished with less effort by changing the routine motions of the work itself, changing or movin
6、g the tools, improving the working conditions, or a combination of several of these methods.(77) Industrial psychologists have also studied the effects of fatigue on workers to de-termine the length of working time that yields the greatest productivity. In some cases such studies have proven that to
7、tal production on particular jobs could be increased by re-ducing the number of working hours or by increasing the number of rest periods, or “breaks“, during the day. Industrial psychologists may also suggest less direct require-ments for general improvement of job performance, such as establishing
8、 a better line of communication between employees and management.（分数：10.00）(1).From the first sentence of the passage, we learn that the primary objective of in-dustrial psychology is to study_.（分数：2.00）A.working efficiency that leads to the highest outputB.the working skills and the working environ
9、mentC.the techniques leading to the highest productivityD.the use of workers to get the greatest profit(2).A test in industrial psychology is used to find out_.（分数：2.00）A.a workers achievementsB.a workers potential for a certain jobC.a workers psychological problemD.a workers motivation for a certai
10、n job(3).The industrial psychologists function differs from that of the efficiency experts in that the former_.（分数：2.00）A.places great emphasis on maximum productionB.cares little about the increase of productionC.is mainly concerned with workers satisfactionD.worries a lot about those workers in po
11、or working conditions(4).In an industrial psychologists mind, all of the following is important EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.the steps in which work is doneB.the state of mind of a worker when workingC.the effect of working environment on a workerD.the value of the product a worker is making(5).Based on the r
12、esults of the industrial psychologists studies, it is certain that_.（分数：2.00）A.two breaks in a day lead to lower productivity than oneB.working without breaks may not yield the highest efficiencyC.communication is increasing between the employers and employeesD.changing tools will help increase the
13、production三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Most of us trade money for entertainment. Movies, concerts and shows are enjoyable but expensive. (78) If you think that you cant have a good time without spending a lot of money, read on. A little resourcefulness and a few minutes of newspaper-scanning should gi
14、ve you some pleasant surprises.People may be the most interesting show in a large city. Stroll through busy streets and see what everybody else is doing. You will probably see people from all over the world; you will certainly see people of every age, size, and shape, and youll get a free fashion sh
15、ow, too. Window-shopping is also a safe sport-if the stores are closed.Check the listings in your neighborhood paper. Local colleges or schools often welcome the public to hear an interesting speaker or a good debate. The film or concert series at the local public library probably wont cost you a pe
16、nny. Be sure to check commercial advertise-ments too. A flea market can provide hours of pleasant browsing. Perhaps you can find afree cooking or crafts in a department store.Plan ahead for some activities. It is always more pleasant not to have people in front of you in a museum or at a zoo. You ma
17、y save some money, too, since these places often seta side one or two free admission days at slow times during the week. (79) Pretend that you are a tourist from time to time, and get to know your city all over again including the indis-pensable (不可错过的) sights that people travel miles to see. If you
18、 feel like taking an in-teresting walk, find a free walking tour, or plan one yourself. You will see your city in anew perspective (视角) once you know more about its history or its architectural treas-ures. With imagination and a spirit of adventure you can quite easily find good entertain-ment at no
19、 cost at all.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.There are many kinds of amusements you can enjoy without spending much money.B.Local colleges often hold meetings to debate the issues people are interested in.C.The film shown at the local public library is often fr
20、ee of charge.D.You should be a tourist if you want to know more about the city you live in.(2).“You will certainly see people of every age, size and shape. “ “Shape“ here refers to people being _.（分数：2.00）A.old and youngB.fat and thinC.tall and shortD.beautiful and ugly(3).If you are wandering throu
21、gh the busy streets, which will most attract you?（分数：2.00）A.Various buildingsB.Car drivingC.Window-shoppingD.Free walking(4).“One or two free admission days at slow times. “ “Slow times“ here means_.（分数：2.00）A.business is developingB.business is badC.strolling is slowD.people are slow in learning(5)
22、.The best title for this passage is _.（分数：2.00）A.Amusement at No CostB.Movies, Concerts and ShowsC.The Cheapest Window-shoppingD.The Most Enjoyable Street Musicians四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Throughout the colonial period there was a remarkable shortage of women, which var-ied with the regions and w
23、as always greatest in the frontier areas. This shortage enhanced womens status and position and allowed them to pursue different careers. (80) The Puri-tans (清教徒) regarded idleness (无所事事) as a sin, and believed that life in an under-developed country made it necessary that each member of the communi
24、ty perform an eco-nomic function. Thus work for women was not only approved but also was regarded as a civic (市民的) duty. Puritan town councils (议会) expected widows (寡妇) and independ-ent women to be self-supporting. There was no social prohibition against married women working; on the contrary, wives
25、 were expected to help their husbands in their trade and won social approval for doing extra work in or out of the home.The vast majority of women worked within their homes, where their labor produced most articles needed for the family. The entire colonial production of cloth and clothing and partl
26、y that of shoes was in the hands of women. In addition to these occupations, women were found in many different kinds of employment. They were butchers, silversmiths and gunsmiths. They ran mills, plantations, shipyards, and every kind of shops. They were gatekeepers, jail keepers, journalists, prin
27、ters, nurses, and teachers.（分数：10.00）(1).What does the passage mainly discuss?（分数：2.00）A.Colonial marriages.B.The Puritan religion.C.Colonial womens employment.D.Education in the colonies.(2).According to the passage, where in colonial North America were there the fewest women?（分数：2.00）A.Puritan com
28、munities.B.Seaports.C.Frontier settlements.D.Capital cities.(3).It can be inferred from the passage that the Puritans were _.（分数：2.00）A.uneducatedB.hardworkingC.generousD.wealthy(4).According to the passage, Puritans believed that an unmarried adult woman should be_.（分数：2.00）A.financially responsibl
29、e for herselfB.returned to EnglandC.supported by her familyD.trained to be a nurse(5).According to the passage, what did the Puritans expect from married women?（分数：2.00）A.They should adopt needy children.B.They should, assist in their husbands trade or business.C.They should work only within their o
30、wn homes.D.They should be apprentice五、Part Vocabulary an(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.Many a child _ killed in that car accident.（分数：1.00）A.isB.areC.wasD.were2.The statement had to be delivered to someone who could _ it to the press.（分数：1.00）A.relieveB.releaseC.emitD.discharge3.Such _ the case, there are no gr
31、ounds to justify your complaints.（分数：1.00）A.isB.wasC.is beingD.being4.I couldnt understand why he pretended _ in the bookstore.（分数：1.00）A.to see me notB.not to see meC.not see meD.to see not me5.The most important thing to do _ the pollution as soon as possible.（分数：1.00）A.are got rid ofB.is to get r
32、id ofC.is get rid ofD.is for us getting rid of6.She was a good-looking woman in _.（分数：1.00）A.fortiesB.the fortiesC.fortyD.the forty7.Burglars _ and stole some money while the family was away.（分数：1.00）A.broke upB.came toC.broke inD.built up8.The Smiths _ their breakfast when the morning post came.（分数
33、：1.00）A.hadB.has been havingC.are havingD.were having9.The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldnt make his point_.（分数：1.00）A.understandB.understandingC.to understandD.understood10.I didnt know which was the better, so I took them_.（分数：1.00）A.allB.eachC.noneD.both11.The premier and the visiti
34、ng foreign minister had a talk in _ friendly atmos-phere.（分数：1.00）A.a mostB.mostC.veryD.the very12.We ate in the _ restaurant.（分数：1.00）A.new unusual ChineseB.unusual new ChineseC.Chinese unusual newD.new Chinese unusual13.Does the way you thought of _ the water clean make any sense?（分数：1.00）A.making
35、B.to makeC.how to makeD.having made14.I want to use the same dictionary _ was used yesterday.（分数：1.00）A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as15.This kind of cloth _ well and _ long.（分数：1.00）A.is washedlastsB.washeslastsC.washesis lastedD.is washedlasted16.So heavy _ that we were prevented from going out.（分数：1.00）A.t
36、he rain wasB.is the rainC.was the rainD.would the rain be17._ most of the earths surface is covered by water, fresh water is very rare and precious.（分数：1.00）A.AsB.OnceC.IfD.Although18.There is still a _ possibility that their team may win in the last match.（分数：1.00）A.slimB.thinC.leanD.weak19.It is _
37、 ! Would you like to go out for a walk?（分数：1.00）A.such beautiful dayB.so beautiful dayC.so a beautiful dayD.such a beautiful day20.The new buildings here are all reinforced with steel, _ safety in case of an earthquake.（分数：1.00）A.for the sake ofB.for goodC.for instanceD.for the better21.It was becau
38、se of his carelessness _ the car accident took place.（分数：1.00）A.thatB.becauseC.whyD.which22.Hardly _ the TV _ the electricity was cut off.（分数：1.00）A.had I turned onwhenB.did I turn onthanC.have I turned onbeforeD.does I turn onafter23.During July and August there was no rain for weeks_.（分数：1.00）A.by
39、 the endB.in the endC.at the endD.on end24.What _ if the weather had been fine yesterday?（分数：1.00）A.would you doB.would you have doneC.did you doD.have you done25.She breathed a sigh of _ when she found out she had passed the exams.（分数：1.00）A.reliefB.beliefC.delightD.relaxation26.The reason _ they d
40、ied was lack of medical care.（分数：1.00）A.whichB.at whichC.in whichD.why27.-Where did you have your supper?-_.（分数：1.00）A.With my uncleB.At my uncle homeC.At my uncleD.At my uncles28._ all the inventions have in common is _ they have succeeded.（分数：1.00）A.ThatwhatB.WhatthatC.ThatthatD.Whatwhat29.She fou
41、nd herself _ forward more and more eagerly to the holiday at home.（分数：1.00）A.lookingB.bringingC.desiringD.expecting30.No one except two students _ the meeting.（分数：1.00）A.has been late forB.have been late forC.was late forD.were later for六、Part Identificatio(总题数：10，分数：10.00)31.I wish I (can) (fly to)
42、 the moon (by) spaceship (one day).（分数：1.00）A.canB.fly toC.byD.one day32.Hardly (did he hear) his mothers (calling) (when) he realized that (it was already dark).（分数：1.00）A.did he hearB.callingC.whenD.it was already dark33.(With) a (genuine) Oxford accent, she (could) (pass) as a native English spea
43、ker easily.（分数：1.00）A.WithB.genuineC.couldD.pass34.He (got to) his friends house (full of) hope, only (to be told) that he had (left from) Eng-land last week.（分数：1.00）A.got toB.full ofC.to be toldD.left from35.It was (during) the 1996s (that) the friendship between Edward and Jeremy reached (their)
44、(highest) point.（分数：1.00）A.duringB.thatC.theirD.highest36.(Not only) (he spoke) more correctly, (but) he (spoke) more clearly.（分数：1.00）A.Not onlyB.he spokeC.butD.spoke37.Yellow Stone National Park is (one of) the (older) parks in the U. S. It (was established) by (Congress) in 1872.（分数：1.00）A.one of
45、B.olderC.was establishedD.Congress38.(As) we all know Taiwan is (to) the east of Hongkong and (on) the (southeast) of Chin（分数：1.00）A.A. AsB. toC. onD. southeast39.At the end of one month, the boys (looked forward to) their mothers (return) most earnestly, (as) they were really (tired with) their fat
46、hers boiled eggs.（分数：1.00）A.looked forward toB.returnC.asD.tired with40.(How) can I convince you (of that) we have almost (used) up our (supplies)?（分数：1.00）A.HowB.of thatC.usedD.supplies七、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The Red Cross is an international organization, which cares for people who are in need
47、 of help. A man in a Paris (56) who needs blood, a woman in Mexico who was (57) in an accident, and (58) in India that lost their (59) in a storm may all be (60) by the Red Cross. The Red Cross (61) in almost every country around the (62) The world Red Cross organizations are sometimes (63) the Sun
48、or the Red Lion. All of these organi-zations (64) a common aim of (65) to help people in need.The idea of (66) an organization to help the sick and wounded during a war was (67) by Joan Dun ant. In 1859, he (68) how people were (69) on a battlefield in Ita-ly. He wanted to help all the wounded peopl
49、e (70) which side they were fighting for. The most important (71) of his work was an international treaty(条约). It (72) prisoners of war, the sick and wounded, and other (73) during a war.The American Red Cross was (74) by Lara Barton in 1881. Today the Cross in the United States provides a number of (75) for the public.（分数：10.00）A.hospi
